Isaiah 51:12-16
New English Translation
12 “I, I am the one who consoles you.[a]
Why are you afraid of mortal men,
of mere human beings who are as short-lived as grass?[b]
13 Why do you forget[c] the Lord, who made you,
who stretched out the sky[d]
and founded the earth?
Why do you constantly tremble all day long[e]
at the anger of the oppressor,
when he makes plans to destroy?
Where is the anger of the oppressor?[f]
14 The one who suffers[g] will soon be released;
he will not die in prison,[h]
he will not go hungry.[i]
15 I am the Lord your God,
who churns up the sea so that its waves surge.
The Lord of Heaven’s Armies is his name!
Zion’s Time to Celebrate
16 “I commission you[j] as my spokesman;[k]
I cover you with the palm of my hand,[l]
to establish[m] the sky and to found the earth,
to say to Zion, ‘You are my people.’”[n]
Footnotes
- Isaiah 51:12 tc The plural suffix should probably be emended to the second masculine singular (which is used in v. 13). The final mem (ם) is probably dittographic; note the mem at the beginning of the next word.
- Isaiah 51:12 tn Heb “Who are you that you are afraid of man who dies, and of the son of man who [as] grass is given up?” The feminine singular forms should probably be emended to the masculine singular (see v. 13). They have probably been influenced by the construction אַתְּ־הִיא (ʾat-hiʾ) in vv. 9-10.
- Isaiah 51:13 tn Heb “and that you forget.”
- Isaiah 51:13 tn Or “the heavens” (also in v. 16). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.
- Isaiah 51:13 tn Heb “and that you tremble constantly all the day.”
- Isaiah 51:13 tn The question anticipates the answer, “Ready to disappear!” See v. 14.
- Isaiah 51:14 tn Heb “who is stooped over” (under a burden).
- Isaiah 51:14 tn Heb “the pit” (so KJV); ASV, NAB “die and go down into the pit”; NASB, NIV “dungeon”; NCV “prison.”
- Isaiah 51:14 tn Heb “he will not lack his bread.”
- Isaiah 51:16 tn The addressee (second masculine singular, as in vv. 13, 15) in this verse is unclear. The exiles are addressed in the immediately preceding verses (note the critical tone of vv. 12-13 and the reference to the exiles in v. 14). However, it seems unlikely that they are addressed in v. 16, for the addressee appears to be commissioned to tell Zion, who here represents the restored exiles, “you are my people.” The addressee is distinct from the exiles. The language of v. 16a is reminiscent of 49:2 and 50:4, where the Lord’s special servant says he is God’s spokesman and effective instrument. Perhaps the Lord, having spoken to the exiles in vv. 1-15, now responds to this servant, who spoke just prior to this in 50:4-11.
- Isaiah 51:16 tn Heb “I place my words in your mouth.”
- Isaiah 51:16 tn Heb “with the shadow of my hand.”
- Isaiah 51:16 tc The Hebrew text has לִנְטֹעַ (lintoaʿ, “to plant”). Several scholars prefer to emend this form to לִנְטֹת (lintot) from נָטָה (natah, “to stretch out”); see v. 13, as well as 40:22; 42:5; 44:24; 45:12; cf. NAB, NCV, NRSV. However, since the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa, LXX (and Aquila and Symmachus), and Vulgate support the MT reading, there is no need to emend the form. The interpretation is clear enough: Yahweh fixed the sky in its place.
- Isaiah 51:16 tn The infinitives in v. 16b are most naturally understood as indicating the purpose of the divine actions described in v. 16a. The relationship of the third infinitive to the commission is clear enough—the Lord has made the addressee (his special servant?) his spokesman so that the latter might speak encouraging words to those in Zion. But how do the first two infinitives relate? The text seems to indicate that the Lord has commissioned the addressee so that the latter might create the universe! Perhaps creation imagery is employed metaphorically here to refer to the transformation that Jerusalem will experience (see 65:17-18).
Isaiah 51:12-16
International Standard Version
12 “I—yes, I—am the one who comforts you.
Who are you, that you are so afraid of humans who will die,
descendants of mere[a] men, who have been made[b] like grass?
13 As a result, you have forgotten the Lord who made you,
who stretched out the heavens
and laid the earth’s foundations,
and you live in constant fear every day
because of the oppressor’s fury,
since he’s ready to destroy.
Now where is the[c] oppressor’s fury?
14 Distress[d] will quickly be set free.
He won’t die in the Pit,[e]
nor will he lack food.”
A Promise of Restoration
15 “For I am the Lord your God,
who churns up the sea, so that its waves roar,
‘The Lord of the Heavenly Armies is his name.’
16 I have put my words in your mouth
and have covered you with the shadow of my hand,
so that I could plant the heavens
and lay the earth’s foundations,
to say to Zion, ‘You are my people.’
Footnotes
- Isaiah 51:12 1QIsaa MT LXX lack mere
- Isaiah 51:12 So 1QIsaa; MT reads are made; LXX reads will be dried up
- Isaiah 51:13 So 1QIsaa; 1QIsaa omitted oppressor’s…the then inserted the missing lines at the top of column 43
- Isaiah 51:14 So 1QIsaa; MT reads The cowering one; LXX lacks Distress
- Isaiah 51:14 I.e. the realm of punishment in the afterlife
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