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Sennacherib Attacks

36 In the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah,[a] King Sennacherib of Assyria attacked all the fortified cities of Judah and captured them. Then the king of Assyria sent his field commander,[b] along with a very[c] large army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. When the field commander stopped at the aqueduct at the Upper Pool on the road to Laundryman’s Field, Hilkiah’s son Eliakim, who was in charge of the palace, Shebna the secretary, and Asaph’s son Joah, the recorder, went out to him.

The field commander told them:

“Tell Hezekiah, king of Judah,[d] ‘This is what the mighty king, the king of Assyria, has to say: What is this “guarantee” that makes you yourself[e] rely on it?[f] Do you really think that guarantees alone can withstand[g] strategy and military strength? On whom are you now depending, that you’re rebelling against me? Take note: you’re relying on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff, which pierces the palm of anyone who leans on it. This is what Pharaoh king of Egypt is like to everybody who depends on him!

But if you all[h] say to me, “We are depending on the Lord our God”—isn’t he the one whose high places and altars Hezekiah removed, while he kept on telling Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You are to worship in front of this altar in[i] Jerusalem’?[j] Come now, all of you,[k] make a bet with my master, the king of Assyria: I will give you two thousand horses, if you can furnish riders for them! How, then, can you repulse even one officer from[l] the least of my master’s officials, when you are depending for yourselves[m] on Egypt for chariots and horsemen? 10 One other thing: have I really marched against this country to destroy it apart from the Lord’s direction?[n] The Lord himself ordered me, ‘March against this country to[o] destroy it.’”[p]

11 Then Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah replied to him,[q] “Please speak with[r] your servants—with us[s]—in Aramaic, since we understand it. Don’t speak to us in Hebrew[t] where the people sitting on[u] the wall can hear.”

12 But the field commander asked, “Was it only to all of you and to your[v] master that my master sent me to speak these things? Wasn’t it also to the men sitting on the wall—who, like you, will have to eat their own excrement and drink their own urine?”

13 Then the[w] commander stood up and shouted out loud in Hebrew:[x]

“Hear the words of the great king, the king of Assyria! 14 This is what the king of Assyria[y] says: ‘Don’t let Hezekiah deceive you—for he cannot save you! 15 Don’t let Hezekiah persuade you to rely on the Lord when he says, “The Lord will really deliver[z] us!” and[aa] “This city will never be handed over to the king of Assyria!” 16 Don’t listen to Hezekiah, because this is what the king of Assyria says: ‘Make your peace with me and come out to me. Then everyone will eat from his own vine and from his own fig tree, and everyone will drink water from his own cistern, 17 until I come and take you away to a land like your own land—to[ab] a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards.’ 18 Be careful not to let Hezekiah mislead you when he says, “The Lord will save us.” Has any god of any nation ever delivered[ac] his country from the[ad] king of Assyria? 19 Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sephar-vaim? Have they saved Samaria from me?[ae] 20 Who among all the gods of these countries has delivered[af] their land from me?[ag] How then can the Lord deliver[ah] Jerusalem from me?’”[ai]

21 But the people remained silent and didn’t respond to him with so much as a single word, because the king had commanded, “Don’t answer him.”

22 Then Hilkiah’s son Eliakim, who was in charge of the palace, Shebna the secretary, and Asaph’s son Joah, the recorder, approached Hezekiah with their clothes torn,[aj] and let him know what the field commander had said.

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 36:1 The Heb. name Hezekiah is usu. spelled Hizqiyah in 1QIsaa; 4QIsab MT spell the name Hizqiyahu.
  2. Isaiah 36:2 Or sent Rab-shakeh
  3. Isaiah 36:2 So 1QIsaa; MT LXX lack very
  4. Isaiah 36:4 So 1QIsaa; 1QIsaa corrector deleted king of Judah; MT LXX lack king of Judah
  5. Isaiah 36:4 So 1QIsaa; MT LXX lack yourself
  6. Isaiah 36:4 So 1QIsaa; MT LXX lack on it
  7. Isaiah 36:5 Lit. that words alone equal
  8. Isaiah 36:7 So 1QIsaa LXX; MT reads you (sing.)
  9. Isaiah 36:7 So 1QIsaa MT; LXX lacks while he kept on telling Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You are to worship in front of this altar in Jerusalem’
  10. Isaiah 36:7 So 1QIsaa; 1QIsaa corrector deleted in Jerusalem; the Heb. lacks in Jerusalem
  11. Isaiah 36:8 So 1QIsaa LXX; MT reads you (sing.)
  12. Isaiah 36:9 So 1QIsaa; MT reads one of
  13. Isaiah 36:9 So 1QIsaa; MT reads yourself
  14. Isaiah 36:10 1QIsaa MT lack ‘s direction
  15. Isaiah 36:10 So 1QIsaa; MT reads and
  16. Isaiah 36:10 So 1QIsaa MT; LXX lacks The Lord himself ordered me, ‘March against this country to destroy it.’
  17. Isaiah 36:11 So 1QIsaa LXX; MT reads to the field commander
  18. Isaiah 36:11 So 1QIsaa; MT reads to
  19. Isaiah 36:11 So 1QIsaa; MT LXX lack —with us—
  20. Isaiah 36:11 Lit. in these words; so 1QIsaa; MT LXX read in the Judean language
  21. Isaiah 36:11 So 1QIsaa; the Heb. lacks sitting; cf. LXX
  22. Isaiah 36:12 So 1QIsaa (pl.); MT reads your (sing.) master and to you (sing.)
  23. Isaiah 36:13 So 1QIsaa; the Heb. lacks the
  24. Isaiah 36:13 Or the Judean language
  25. Isaiah 36:14 So 1QIsaa; MT LXX lack of Assyria
  26. Isaiah 36:15 Or save
  27. Isaiah 36:15 So 1QIsaa LXX; MT lacks and
  28. Isaiah 36:17 So 1QIsaa; the Heb. lacks to
  29. Isaiah 36:18 Or saved
  30. Isaiah 36:18 Lit. the hand of the
  31. Isaiah 36:19 Lit. from my hand
  32. Isaiah 36:20 Or saved
  33. Isaiah 36:20 Lit. from my hand
  34. Isaiah 36:20 Or saved
  35. Isaiah 36:20 Lit. from my hand
  36. Isaiah 36:22 I.e. as a symbol of pending disaster

Sennacherib Threatens Jerusalem

36 And this happened: In the fourteenth year[a] of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria went up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and he captured them. And the king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh[b] from Lachish to Jerusalem, to King Hezekiah, with a large army, and he stood by the conduit of the upper pool on the highway of the field of the washer. And Eliakim son of Hilkiah, who was in charge of the palace,[c] came out to him, and Shebna the secretary, and Joah son of Asaph, the reminder.

And Rabshakeh said to them, “Now say to Hezekiah, ‘Thus says the great king, the king of Assyria: “What is this confidence in which you trust? I said, ‘Only a word of lips! War has power and a plan!’[d] Now, in whom do you trust, that you have rebelled against me? Look, you trust in the staff of this broken reed, on Egypt, which if a man leans on it, goes into his hand and bores through it! Such is Pharaoh, king of Egypt, to all those who trust in him. And if you say to me, ‘We trust in Yahweh our God,’ was it not he whose high places and altars Hezekiah removed? And he said to Judah and to Jerusalem, ‘You shall bow down in the presence[e] of this altar.’” And now please make a wager with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, that is, if you are able put[f] riders for yourself on them! But how can you drive back one governor among the least of my master’s servants,[g] when[h] you trust in Egypt for chariots[i] and horsemen? 10 And now was it without Yahweh that I have come up against this land to destroy it? Yahweh said to me, “Go up against this land and destroy it!”’”

11 And Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah said to Rabshakeh, “Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, for we can understand[j] it, and you must not speak to us in Judean in the hearing[k] of the people who are on the wall.”

12 But[l] Rabshakeh said, “Has my master sent me to speak these words to your masters and you? Was it not for the people who sit on the wall, to eat their dung and drink their urine[m] with you?”

13 Then[n] Rabshakeh stood and called in a great voice in Judean and said, “Hear the words of the great king, the king of Assyria. 14 Thus says the king: ‘Do not let Hezekiah deceive you, for he will not be able to deliver you! 15 And do not let Hezekiah make you rely on Yahweh, saying, “Surely Yahweh will deliver us; this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria!” 16 You must not listen to Hezekiah, for thus says the king of Assyria: “Make a blessing[o] with me, and come out to me, and each one will eat from his vine and from his fig tree and drink water from[p] his cistern, 17 until I come[q] and take you to a land like your land, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards, 18 lest Hezekiah mislead you, saying, ‘Yahweh will save us!’ Did the gods of the nations each save his land from the hand of the king of Assyria? 19 Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim? Indeed, have they delivered Samaria from my hand? 20 Who are there among all the gods of these countries who have saved their land from my hand, that Yahweh should save Jerusalem from my hand?”’”

21 But[r] they were silent and did not answer him a word, for the command of the king was, “You must not answer him.” 22 Then[s] Eliakim son of Hilkiah, who was over the palace,[t] Shebna the secretary, and Joah son of Asaph, the reminder, came to Hezekiah with torn garments and told him the words of Rabshakeh.

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 36:1 Literally “four ten year”
  2. Isaiah 36:2 Rabshekah is the title of a high Assyrian official
  3. Isaiah 36:3 Literally “was over the house”
  4. Isaiah 36:5 The Hebrew here is awkward; literally “Plan and power for war”
  5. Isaiah 36:7 Literally “face”
  6. Isaiah 36:8 Literally “give”
  7. Isaiah 36:9 Literally “the face of the governor of the one of the insignificant servants of my master”
  8. Isaiah 36:9 Or “and”
  9. Isaiah 36:9 Hebrew “chariot”
  10. Isaiah 36:11 Or “hear”
  11. Isaiah 36:11 Literally “ear”
  12. Isaiah 36:12 Or “And”
  13. Isaiah 36:12 So Masoretic Hebrew text (Kethib); the reading tradition (Qere) has “feet-water”
  14. Isaiah 36:13 Or “And”
  15. Isaiah 36:16 That is, a gesture of surrender
  16. Isaiah 36:16 Or “of”
  17. Isaiah 36:17 Literally “my coming”
  18. Isaiah 36:21 Or “And”
  19. Isaiah 36:22 Or “And”
  20. Isaiah 36:22 Literally “house”