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A Second Description of Immanuel:
The Child Who Is Born to Us

Nevertheless, there will be no more gloom for the land that was in anguish.[a] In former times, he humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, but in the latter time[b] he will cause it to be glorious, along the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, in Galilee of the Gentiles.[c]

The people walking in darkness have seen a great light.
For those living in the land of the shadow of death, the light has dawned.
You have multiplied the nation. You have increased its joy.[d]
They rejoice before you like the joy at harvest time,
like the celebration when people divide the plunder.
For you have shattered the yoke that burdened them.
You have broken the bar on their shoulders and
    the rod of their oppressor,
as you did in the day of Midian.
Every boot that marched in battle
and the garments rolled in blood will be burned.
They will be fuel for the fire.
For to us a child is born.
To us a son is given.
The authority to rule will rest on his shoulders.
He will be named:
    Wonderful Counselor,
    Mighty God,
    Everlasting Father,
    Prince of Peace.
There will be no limit to his authority
and no end to the peace he brings.
He will rule on David’s throne and over his kingdom,
    to establish it and to uphold it with justice and righteousness
    from now on, into eternity.
The zeal of the Lord of Armies will accomplish this.

Judgment on Aram and Samaria

The Lord sent a word against Jacob,
and it falls upon Israel.
All the people will know,
including Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria,
who say with pride and with an arrogant heart,
10 “The mud bricks have fallen down,
but we will build with cut stone.
The sycamore fig trees have been cut down,
but we will replace them with cedars.”
11 Then the Lord will raise up Rezin’s adversaries against him,
and he will stir up his enemies.
12 Arameans from the east and Philistines from the west
will devour Israel with an open mouth.

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
and his hand is still stretched out, ready to strike.

13 But the people have not returned to the one who struck them,
nor have they sought the Lord of Armies.
14 Therefore, in one day the Lord will cut off from Israel
head and tail, palm branch and reed.
15 The elder and the honored man are the head,
and the prophet who teaches lies is the tail.
16 It is the leaders of this people who lead them astray,
and those who are led by them are destroyed.
17 Therefore, the Lord will not rejoice over their young men,
nor will he have compassion on their fatherless and widows,
because everyone is godless and an evildoer,
and every mouth speaks foolishness.

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
and his hand is still stretched out, ready to strike.

18 Now wickedness burns like a fire.
It devours the briers and thorns.
Look, it flares up in the thickets of the forest,
and it swirls upward in a column of smoke.
19 By the wrath of the Lord of Armies, the land is burned up,
and the people are the fuel for the fire.
No one spares his brother.
20 On the right hand they will gobble down food,
    but they will still be hungry.
On the left hand they will keep eating, but they will not be satisfied.
Everyone will eat the flesh of his own arm.[e]
21 Manasseh will be against Ephraim, and Ephraim against Manasseh,
and together they will be against Judah.

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
and his hand is still stretched out, ready to strike.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 9:1 Literally for her who was in anguish
  2. Isaiah 9:1 The term latter time usually refers to the distant future, often to the end times, the Messianic era.
  3. Isaiah 9:1 Verse 9:1 in English is verse 8:23 in Hebrew. Throughout the rest of chapter 9, the English verse numbers are one number higher than the Hebrew numbers.
  4. Isaiah 9:3 The translation follows a Hebrew reading in the margin. The main reading of the Hebrew text is you have not increased their joy.
  5. Isaiah 9:20 Or his own offspring

New Light: The Birth of a King

[a] But there will be no gloom for those who were in distress.[b]

In former times he[c] treated the land of Zebulun and Naphtali with contempt, but in the future he will honor the way of the sea beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations.

The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light;
    light has shined on those who lived in a land of darkness.
You have made the nation numerous;
    you have not[d] made the joy great.
They rejoice in your presence as with joy at the harvest,
    as they rejoice when they divide plunder.
For you have shattered the yoke of its burden
    and the stick of its shoulder,
    the rod of its oppressor, on[e] the day of Midian.
For every boot that marches and shakes the earth[f]
    and garment rolled in blood
will[g] be for burning—fire fuel.
For a child has been born for us;
    a son has been given to us.
And the dominion will be on his shoulder,
    and his name is called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,
        Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
His dominion will grow continually,
    and to peace there will be no end[h]
on[i] the throne of David and over[j] his kingdom,
    to establish it[k] and sustain it
with justice and righteousness
    now and forever.
The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this.

Yahweh’s Anger against Arrogance

The Lord has sent out a word against Jacob,
    and it fell on Israel.
And all of the people knew it,
    Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria
in pride and arrogance of heart, saying,
10 The bricks have fallen, but we will build with dressed stone.
    The sycamore-fig trees were felled, but we will replace them with cedars.”
11 So Yahweh strengthened the adversaries of Rezin[l] against him,
    and he provoked his enemies—
12 Aram from the east
    and Philistines[m] from the west—
and they devoured Israel with the whole mouth.
He has not turned away his anger in all of this,
    and his hand is still stretched out.
13 And the people did not turn to the one who struck it,[n]
    and they did not seek Yahweh of hosts.
14 So Yahweh cut off head and tail from Israel,
    palm branch and reed in one day.
15 Elders[o] and the respectable[p] are the head,
    and prophets[q] who teach lies[r] are the tail.
16 And the leaders of this people were misleading them,
    and those who were led were confused.
17 Therefore the Lord did not rejoice over its young men,
    and he did not have compassion on its orphans and widows,
for everyone was godless and an evildoer,
    and every mouth was speaking folly.
In all of this his anger did not turn away,
    and still his hand is stretched out.
18 For wickedness burned like fire;
    it consumed brier and thorn.
And it kindled the thickets of the forest,
    and they swirled upward in a column of smoke.
19 The land was burned through the wrath of Yahweh of hosts,
    and the people became like fire fuel.
People had no compassion toward each other.[s]
20 They devoured on the right but still were hungry
    and devoured on the left but they were not satisfied.
Each one devoured the flesh of his arm,
21     Manasseh devoured Ephraim, and Ephraim Manasseh;
        together they were against Judah.
In all of this his anger has not turned away,
    and still his hand is stretched out.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 9:1 Isaiah 9:1–21 in the English Bible is 8:23–9:20 in the Hebrew Bible
  2. Isaiah 9:1 Literally “Indeed there is no gloom for the one to whom there was anxiety for her”
  3. Isaiah 9:1 That is, Yahweh
  4. Isaiah 9:3 The written text (Kethib) is “not,” but the reading tradition (Qere) is “for it”
  5. Isaiah 9:4 Hebrew “like”; the Hebrew letters for “like” and “on” look alike
  6. Isaiah 9:5 Literally “marching with shaking,” which might mean “marching is with shaking”
  7. Isaiah 9:5 Literally “and it will”
  8. Isaiah 9:7 Literally “There is no end to the increase of the dominion and to peace”
  9. Isaiah 9:7 Or “for”
  10. Isaiah 9:7 Or “for”
  11. Isaiah 9:7 That is, the kingdom
  12. Isaiah 9:11 Or “his adversaries” if a copyist added “of Rezin” in error
  13. Isaiah 9:12 Hebrew “Philistine”
  14. Isaiah 9:13 That is, the people
  15. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “Elder”
  16. Isaiah 9:15 Literally “one lifted up of face”
  17. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “prophet”
  18. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “lie”
  19. Isaiah 9:19 Literally “A man does not have compassion toward his brother”