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“Woe to him who strives with his Maker,
    an earthen vessel with the potter![a]
Does the clay say to him who fashions it, ‘What are you making?’
    or ‘Your work has no handles’?
10 Woe to him who says to a father, ‘What are you begetting?’
    or to a woman, ‘With what are you in travail?’”
11 Thus says the Lord,
    the Holy One of Israel, and his Maker:
“Will you question me[b] about my children,
    or command me concerning the work of my hands?
12 I made the earth,
    and created man upon it;
it was my hands that stretched out the heavens,
    and I commanded all their host.
13 I have aroused him in righteousness,
    and I will make straight all his ways;
he shall build my city
    and set my exiles free,
not for price or reward,”
    says the Lord of hosts.

14 Thus says the Lord:
“The wealth of Egypt and the merchandise of Ethiopia,
    and the Sabe′ans, men of stature,
shall come over to you and be yours,
    they shall follow you;
    they shall come over in chains and bow down to you.
They will make supplication to you, saying:
    ‘God is with you only, and there is no other,
    no god besides him.’”
15 Truly, thou art a God who hidest thyself,
    O God of Israel, the Savior.
16 All of them are put to shame and confounded,
    the makers of idols go in confusion together.
17 But Israel is saved by the Lord
    with everlasting salvation;
you shall not be put to shame or confounded
    to all eternity.

18 For thus says the Lord,
who created the heavens
    (he is God!),
who formed the earth and made it
    (he established it;
he did not create it a chaos,
    he formed it to be inhabited!):
“I am the Lord, and there is no other.
19 I did not speak in secret,
    in a land of darkness;
I did not say to the offspring of Jacob,
    ‘Seek me in chaos.’
I the Lord speak the truth,
    I declare what is right.

Idols Cannot Save Babylon

20 “Assemble yourselves and come,
    draw near together,
    you survivors of the nations!
They have no knowledge
    who carry about their wooden idols,
and keep on praying to a god
    that cannot save.
21 Declare and present your case;
    let them take counsel together!
Who told this long ago?
    Who declared it of old?
Was it not I, the Lord?
    And there is no other god besides me,
a righteous God and a Savior;
    there is none besides me.

22 “Turn to me and be saved,
    all the ends of the earth!
    For I am God, and there is no other.
23 By myself I have sworn,
    from my mouth has gone forth in righteousness
    a word that shall not return:
‘To me every knee shall bow,
    every tongue shall swear.’

24 “Only in the Lord, it shall be said of me,
    are righteousness and strength;
to him shall come and be ashamed,
    all who were incensed against him.
25 In the Lord all the offspring of Israel
    shall triumph and glory.”

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 45:9 Cn: Heb potsherds or potters
  2. Isaiah 45:11 Cn: Heb Ask me of things to come

“Woe to those who quarrel(A) with their Maker,(B)
    those who are nothing but potsherds(C)
    among the potsherds on the ground.
Does the clay say to the potter,(D)
    ‘What are you making?’(E)
Does your work say,
    ‘The potter has no hands’?(F)
10 Woe to the one who says to a father,
    ‘What have you begotten?’
or to a mother,
    ‘What have you brought to birth?’

11 “This is what the Lord says—
    the Holy One(G) of Israel, and its Maker:(H)
Concerning things to come,
    do you question me about my children,
    or give me orders about the work of my hands?(I)
12 It is I who made the earth(J)
    and created mankind on it.
My own hands stretched out the heavens;(K)
    I marshaled their starry hosts.(L)
13 I will raise up Cyrus[a](M) in my righteousness:
    I will make all his ways straight.(N)
He will rebuild my city(O)
    and set my exiles free,
but not for a price or reward,(P)
    says the Lord Almighty.”

14 This is what the Lord says:

“The products(Q) of Egypt and the merchandise of Cush,[b]
    and those tall Sabeans(R)
they will come over to you(S)
    and will be yours;
they will trudge behind you,(T)
    coming over to you in chains.(U)
They will bow down before you
    and plead(V) with you, saying,
‘Surely God is with you,(W) and there is no other;
    there is no other god.(X)’”

15 Truly you are a God who has been hiding(Y) himself,
    the God and Savior(Z) of Israel.
16 All the makers of idols will be put to shame and disgraced;(AA)
    they will go off into disgrace together.
17 But Israel will be saved(AB) by the Lord
    with an everlasting salvation;(AC)
you will never be put to shame or disgraced,(AD)
    to ages everlasting.

18 For this is what the Lord says—
he who created the heavens,
    he is God;
he who fashioned and made the earth,(AE)
    he founded it;
he did not create it to be empty,(AF)
    but formed it to be inhabited(AG)
he says:
“I am the Lord,
    and there is no other.(AH)
19 I have not spoken in secret,(AI)
    from somewhere in a land of darkness;(AJ)
I have not said to Jacob’s descendants,(AK)
    ‘Seek(AL) me in vain.’
I, the Lord, speak the truth;
    I declare what is right.(AM)

20 “Gather together(AN) and come;
    assemble, you fugitives from the nations.
Ignorant(AO) are those who carry(AP) about idols of wood,
    who pray to gods that cannot save.(AQ)
21 Declare what is to be, present it—
    let them take counsel together.
Who foretold(AR) this long ago,
    who declared it from the distant past?(AS)
Was it not I, the Lord?
    And there is no God apart from me,(AT)
a righteous God(AU) and a Savior;(AV)
    there is none but me.

22 “Turn(AW) to me and be saved,(AX)
    all you ends of the earth;(AY)
    for I am God, and there is no other.(AZ)
23 By myself I have sworn,(BA)
    my mouth has uttered in all integrity(BB)
    a word that will not be revoked:(BC)
Before me every knee will bow;(BD)
    by me every tongue will swear.(BE)
24 They will say of me, ‘In the Lord alone
    are deliverance(BF) and strength.(BG)’”
All who have raged against him
    will come to him and be put to shame.(BH)
25 But all the descendants(BI) of Israel
    will find deliverance(BJ) in the Lord
    and will make their boast in him.(BK)

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 45:13 Hebrew him
  2. Isaiah 45:14 That is, the upper Nile region

Seek the Lord and live,
    lest he break out like fire in the house of Joseph,
    and it devour, with none to quench it for Bethel,
O you who turn justice to wormwood,
    and cast down righteousness to the earth!

He who made the Pleiades and Orion,
    and turns deep darkness into the morning,
    and darkens the day into night,
who calls for the waters of the sea,
    and pours them out upon the surface of the earth,
the Lord is his name,
who makes destruction flash forth against the strong,
    so that destruction comes upon the fortress.

10 They hate him who reproves in the gate,
    and they abhor him who speaks the truth.
11 Therefore because you trample upon the poor
    and take from him exactions of wheat,
you have built houses of hewn stone,
    but you shall not dwell in them;
you have planted pleasant vineyards,
    but you shall not drink their wine.
12 For I know how many are your transgressions,
    and how great are your sins—
you who afflict the righteous, who take a bribe,
    and turn aside the needy in the gate.
13 Therefore he who is prudent will keep silent in such a time;
    for it is an evil time.

14 Seek good, and not evil,
    that you may live;
and so the Lord, the God of hosts, will be with you,
    as you have said.
15 Hate evil, and love good,
    and establish justice in the gate;
it may be that the Lord, the God of hosts,
    will be gracious to the remnant of Joseph.

16 Therefore thus says the Lord, the God of hosts, the Lord:

“In all the squares there shall be wailing;
    and in all the streets they shall say, ‘Alas! alas!’
They shall call the farmers to mourning
    and to wailing those who are skilled in lamentation,
17 and in all vineyards there shall be wailing,
    for I will pass through the midst of you,”
                says the Lord.

The Day of the Lord a Dark Day

18 Woe to you who desire the day of the Lord!
    Why would you have the day of the Lord?
It is darkness, and not light;
19     as if a man fled from a lion,
    and a bear met him;
or went into the house and leaned with his hand against the wall,
    and a serpent bit him.
20 Is not the day of the Lord darkness, and not light,
    and gloom with no brightness in it?

21 “I hate, I despise your feasts,
    and I take no delight in your solemn assemblies.
22 Even though you offer me your burnt offerings and cereal offerings,
    I will not accept them,
and the peace offerings of your fatted beasts
    I will not look upon.
23 Take away from me the noise of your songs;
    to the melody of your harps I will not listen.
24 But let justice roll down like waters,
    and righteousness like an everflowing stream.

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Seek(A) the Lord and live,(B)
    or he will sweep through the tribes of Joseph like a fire;(C)
it will devour them,
    and Bethel(D) will have no one to quench it.(E)

There are those who turn justice into bitterness(F)
    and cast righteousness(G) to the ground.(H)

He who made the Pleiades and Orion,(I)
    who turns midnight into dawn(J)
    and darkens day into night,(K)
who calls for the waters of the sea
    and pours them out over the face of the land—
    the Lord is his name.(L)
With a blinding flash he destroys the stronghold
    and brings the fortified city to ruin.(M)

10 There are those who hate the one who upholds justice in court(N)
    and detest the one who tells the truth.(O)

11 You levy a straw tax on the poor(P)
    and impose a tax on their grain.
Therefore, though you have built stone mansions,(Q)
    you will not live in them;(R)
though you have planted lush vineyards,
    you will not drink their wine.(S)
12 For I know how many are your offenses
    and how great your sins.(T)

There are those who oppress the innocent and take bribes(U)
    and deprive the poor(V) of justice in the courts.(W)
13 Therefore the prudent keep quiet(X) in such times,
    for the times are evil.(Y)

14 Seek good, not evil,
    that you may live.(Z)
Then the Lord God Almighty will be with you,
    just as you say he is.
15 Hate evil,(AA) love good;(AB)
    maintain justice in the courts.(AC)
Perhaps(AD) the Lord God Almighty will have mercy(AE)
    on the remnant(AF) of Joseph.

16 Therefore this is what the Lord, the Lord God Almighty, says:

“There will be wailing(AG) in all the streets(AH)
    and cries of anguish in every public square.
The farmers(AI) will be summoned to weep
    and the mourners to wail.
17 There will be wailing(AJ) in all the vineyards,
    for I will pass through(AK) your midst,”
says the Lord.(AL)

The Day of the Lord

18 Woe to you who long
    for the day of the Lord!(AM)
Why do you long for the day of the Lord?(AN)
    That day will be darkness,(AO) not light.(AP)
19 It will be as though a man fled from a lion
    only to meet a bear,(AQ)
as though he entered his house
    and rested his hand on the wall
    only to have a snake bite him.(AR)
20 Will not the day of the Lord be darkness,(AS) not light—
    pitch-dark, without a ray of brightness?(AT)

21 “I hate,(AU) I despise your religious festivals;(AV)
    your assemblies(AW) are a stench to me.
22 Even though you bring me burnt offerings(AX) and grain offerings,
    I will not accept them.(AY)
Though you bring choice fellowship offerings,
    I will have no regard for them.(AZ)
23 Away with the noise of your songs!
    I will not listen to the music of your harps.(BA)
24 But let justice(BB) roll on like a river,
    righteousness(BC) like a never-failing stream!(BD)

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From Death to Life

And you he made alive, when you were dead through the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience. Among these we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, following the desires of body and mind, and so we were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind. But God, who is rich in mercy, out of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), and raised us up with him, and made us sit with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For by grace you have been saved through faith; and this is not your own doing, it is the gift of God— not because of works, lest any man should boast. 10 For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.

One in Christ

11 Therefore remember that at one time you Gentiles in the flesh, called the uncircumcision by what is called the circumcision, which is made in the flesh by hands— 12 remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world. 13 But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far off have been brought near in the blood of Christ. 14 For he is our peace, who has made us both one, and has broken down the dividing wall of hostility, 15 by abolishing in his flesh the law of commandments and ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man in place of the two, so making peace, 16 and might reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby bringing the hostility to an end. 17 And he came and preached peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near; 18 for through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father. 19 So then you are no longer strangers and sojourners, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God, 20 built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone, 21 in whom the whole structure is joined together and grows into a holy temple in the Lord; 22 in whom you also are built into it for a dwelling place of God in the Spirit.

Made Alive in Christ

As for you, you were dead in your transgressions and sins,(A) in which you used to live(B) when you followed the ways of this world(C) and of the ruler of the kingdom of the air,(D) the spirit who is now at work in those who are disobedient.(E) All of us also lived among them at one time,(F) gratifying the cravings of our flesh[a](G) and following its desires and thoughts. Like the rest, we were by nature deserving of wrath. But because of his great love for us,(H) God, who is rich in mercy, made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in transgressions(I)—it is by grace you have been saved.(J) And God raised us up with Christ(K) and seated us with him(L) in the heavenly realms(M) in Christ Jesus, in order that in the coming ages he might show the incomparable riches of his grace,(N) expressed in his kindness(O) to us in Christ Jesus. For it is by grace(P) you have been saved,(Q) through faith(R)—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— not by works,(S) so that no one can boast.(T) 10 For we are God’s handiwork,(U) created(V) in Christ Jesus to do good works,(W) which God prepared in advance for us to do.

Jew and Gentile Reconciled Through Christ

11 Therefore, remember that formerly(X) you who are Gentiles by birth and called “uncircumcised” by those who call themselves “the circumcision” (which is done in the body by human hands)(Y) 12 remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners(Z) to the covenants of the promise,(AA) without hope(AB) and without God in the world. 13 But now in Christ Jesus you who once(AC) were far away have been brought near(AD) by the blood of Christ.(AE)

14 For he himself is our peace,(AF) who has made the two groups one(AG) and has destroyed the barrier, the dividing wall of hostility, 15 by setting aside in his flesh(AH) the law with its commands and regulations.(AI) His purpose was to create in himself one(AJ) new humanity out of the two, thus making peace, 16 and in one body to reconcile both of them to God through the cross,(AK) by which he put to death their hostility. 17 He came and preached peace(AL) to you who were far away and peace to those who were near.(AM) 18 For through him we both have access(AN) to the Father(AO) by one Spirit.(AP)

19 Consequently, you are no longer foreigners and strangers,(AQ) but fellow citizens(AR) with God’s people and also members of his household,(AS) 20 built(AT) on the foundation(AU) of the apostles and prophets,(AV) with Christ Jesus himself(AW) as the chief cornerstone.(AX) 21 In him the whole building is joined together and rises to become a holy temple(AY) in the Lord. 22 And in him you too are being built together to become a dwelling in which God lives by his Spirit.(AZ)

Footnotes

  1. Ephesians 2:3 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.

41 The Jews then murmured at him, because he said, “I am the bread which came down from heaven.” 42 They said, “Is not this Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How does he now say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?” 43 Jesus answered them, “Do not murmur among yourselves. 44 No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day. 45 It is written in the prophets, ‘And they shall all be taught by God.’ Every one who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me. 46 Not that any one has seen the Father except him who is from God; he has seen the Father. 47 Truly, truly, I say to you, he who believes has eternal life. 48 I am the bread of life. 49 Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died. 50 This is the bread which comes down from heaven, that a man may eat of it and not die. 51 I am the living bread which came down from heaven; if any one eats of this bread, he will live for ever; and the bread which I shall give for the life of the world is my flesh.”

52 The Jews then disputed among themselves, saying, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?” 53 So Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood, you have no life in you; 54 he who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. 55 For my flesh is food indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. 56 He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him. 57 As the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so he who eats me will live because of me. 58 This is the bread which came down from heaven, not such as the fathers ate and died; he who eats this bread will live for ever.” 59 This he said in the synagogue, as he taught at Caper′na-um.

The Words of Eternal Life

60 Many of his disciples, when they heard it, said, “This is a hard saying; who can listen to it?” 61 But Jesus, knowing in himself that his disciples murmured at it, said to them, “Do you take offense at this? 62 Then what if you were to see the Son of man ascending where he was before? 63 It is the spirit that gives life, the flesh is of no avail; the words that I have spoken to you are spirit and life. 64 But there are some of you that do not believe.” For Jesus knew from the first who those were that did not believe, and who it was that would betray him. 65 And he said, “This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”

66 After this many of his disciples drew back and no longer went about with him. 67 Jesus said to the twelve, “Do you also wish to go away?” 68 Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life; 69 and we have believed, and have come to know, that you are the Holy One of God.” 70 Jesus answered them, “Did I not choose you, the twelve, and one of you is a devil?” 71 He spoke of Judas the son of Simon Iscariot, for he, one of the twelve, was to betray him.

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41 At this the Jews there began to grumble about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.” 42 They said, “Is this not Jesus, the son of Joseph,(A) whose father and mother we know?(B) How can he now say, ‘I came down from heaven’?”(C)

43 “Stop grumbling among yourselves,” Jesus answered. 44 “No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws them,(D) and I will raise them up at the last day. 45 It is written in the Prophets: ‘They will all be taught by God.’[a](E) Everyone who has heard the Father and learned from him comes to me. 46 No one has seen the Father except the one who is from God;(F) only he has seen the Father. 47 Very truly I tell you, the one who believes has eternal life.(G) 48 I am the bread of life.(H) 49 Your ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, yet they died.(I) 50 But here is the bread that comes down from heaven,(J) which anyone may eat and not die. 51 I am the living bread(K) that came down from heaven.(L) Whoever eats this bread will live forever. This bread is my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world.”(M)

52 Then the Jews(N) began to argue sharply among themselves,(O) “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”

53 Jesus said to them, “Very truly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh(P) of the Son of Man(Q) and drink his blood,(R) you have no life in you. 54 Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise them up at the last day.(S) 55 For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink. 56 Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in them.(T) 57 Just as the living Father sent me(U) and I live because of the Father, so the one who feeds on me will live because of me. 58 This is the bread that came down from heaven. Your ancestors ate manna and died, but whoever feeds on this bread will live forever.”(V) 59 He said this while teaching in the synagogue in Capernaum.

Many Disciples Desert Jesus

60 On hearing it, many of his disciples(W) said, “This is a hard teaching. Who can accept it?”(X)

61 Aware that his disciples were grumbling about this, Jesus said to them, “Does this offend you?(Y) 62 Then what if you see the Son of Man(Z) ascend to where he was before!(AA) 63 The Spirit gives life;(AB) the flesh counts for nothing. The words I have spoken to you—they are full of the Spirit[b] and life. 64 Yet there are some of you who do not believe.” For Jesus had known(AC) from the beginning which of them did not believe and who would betray him.(AD) 65 He went on to say, “This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless the Father has enabled them.”(AE)

66 From this time many of his disciples(AF) turned back and no longer followed him.

67 “You do not want to leave too, do you?” Jesus asked the Twelve.(AG)

68 Simon Peter answered him,(AH) “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life.(AI) 69 We have come to believe and to know that you are the Holy One of God.”(AJ)

70 Then Jesus replied, “Have I not chosen you,(AK) the Twelve? Yet one of you is a devil!”(AL) 71 (He meant Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot,(AM) who, though one of the Twelve, was later to betray him.)(AN)

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Footnotes

  1. John 6:45 Isaiah 54:13
  2. John 6:63 Or are Spirit; or are spirit