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A Warning to Jerusalem

16 The Lord says, “Beautiful Zion[a] is haughty:
craning her elegant neck,
    flirting with her eyes,
walking with dainty steps,
    tinkling her ankle bracelets.
17 So the Lord will send scabs on her head;
    the Lord will make beautiful Zion bald.”

18 On that day of judgment
    the Lord will strip away everything that makes her beautiful:
ornaments, headbands, crescent necklaces,
19     earrings, bracelets, and veils;
20 scarves, ankle bracelets, sashes,
    perfumes, and charms;
21 rings, jewels,
22     party clothes, gowns, capes, and purses;
23 mirrors, fine linen garments,
    head ornaments, and shawls.

24 Instead of smelling of sweet perfume, she will stink.
    She will wear a rope for a sash,
    and her elegant hair will fall out.
She will wear rough burlap instead of rich robes.
    Shame will replace her beauty.[b]
25 The men of the city will be killed with the sword,
    and her warriors will die in battle.
26 The gates of Zion will weep and mourn.
    The city will be like a ravaged woman,
    huddled on the ground.

In that day so few men will be left that seven women will fight for each man, saying, “Let us all marry you! We will provide our own food and clothing. Only let us take your name so we won’t be mocked as old maids.”

A Promise of Restoration

But in that day, the branch[c] of the Lord
    will be beautiful and glorious;
the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory
    of all who survive in Israel.
All who remain in Zion
    will be a holy people—
those who survive the destruction of Jerusalem
    and are recorded among the living.
The Lord will wash the filth from beautiful Zion[d]
    and cleanse Jerusalem of its bloodstains
    with the hot breath of fiery judgment.
Then the Lord will provide shade for Mount Zion
    and all who assemble there.
He will provide a canopy of cloud during the day
    and smoke and flaming fire at night,
    covering the glorious land.
It will be a shelter from daytime heat
    and a hiding place from storms and rain.

A Song about the Lord’s Vineyard

Now I will sing for the one I love
    a song about his vineyard:
My beloved had a vineyard
    on a rich and fertile hill.
He plowed the land, cleared its stones,
    and planted it with the best vines.
In the middle he built a watchtower
    and carved a winepress in the nearby rocks.
Then he waited for a harvest of sweet grapes,
    but the grapes that grew were bitter.

Now, you people of Jerusalem and Judah,
    you judge between me and my vineyard.
What more could I have done for my vineyard
    that I have not already done?
When I expected sweet grapes,
    why did my vineyard give me bitter grapes?

Now let me tell you
    what I will do to my vineyard:
I will tear down its hedges
    and let it be destroyed.
I will break down its walls
    and let the animals trample it.
I will make it a wild place
    where the vines are not pruned and the ground is not hoed,
    a place overgrown with briers and thorns.
I will command the clouds
    to drop no rain on it.

The nation of Israel is the vineyard of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies.
    The people of Judah are his pleasant garden.
He expected a crop of justice,
    but instead he found oppression.
He expected to find righteousness,
    but instead he heard cries of violence.

Judah’s Guilt and Judgment

What sorrow for you who buy up house after house and field after field,
    until everyone is evicted and you live alone in the land.
But I have heard the Lord of Heaven’s Armies
    swear a solemn oath:
“Many houses will stand deserted;
    even beautiful mansions will be empty.
10 Ten acres[e] of vineyard will not produce even six gallons[f] of wine.
    Ten baskets of seed will yield only one basket[g] of grain.”

11 What sorrow for those who get up early in the morning
    looking for a drink of alcohol
and spend long evenings drinking wine
    to make themselves flaming drunk.
12 They furnish wine and lovely music at their grand parties—
    lyre and harp, tambourine and flute—
but they never think about the Lord
    or notice what he is doing.

13 So my people will go into exile far away
    because they do not know me.
Those who are great and honored will starve,
    and the common people will die of thirst.
14 The grave[h] is licking its lips in anticipation,
    opening its mouth wide.
The great and the lowly
    and all the drunken mob will be swallowed up.
15 Humanity will be destroyed, and people brought down;
    even the arrogant will lower their eyes in humiliation.
16 But the Lord of Heaven’s Armies will be exalted by his justice.
    The holiness of God will be displayed by his righteousness.
17 In that day lambs will find good pastures,
    and fattened sheep and young goats[i] will feed among the ruins.

18 What sorrow for those who drag their sins behind them
    with ropes made of lies,
    who drag wickedness behind them like a cart!
19 They even mock God and say,
    “Hurry up and do something!
    We want to see what you can do.
Let the Holy One of Israel carry out his plan,
    for we want to know what it is.”

20 What sorrow for those who say
    that evil is good and good is evil,
that dark is light and light is dark,
    that bitter is sweet and sweet is bitter.
21 What sorrow for those who are wise in their own eyes
    and think themselves so clever.
22 What sorrow for those who are heroes at drinking wine
    and boast about all the alcohol they can hold.
23 They take bribes to let the wicked go free,
    and they punish the innocent.

24 Therefore, just as fire licks up stubble
    and dry grass shrivels in the flame,
so their roots will rot
    and their flowers wither.
For they have rejected the law of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies;
    they have despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.
25 That is why the Lord’s anger burns against his people,
    and why he has raised his fist to crush them.
The mountains tremble,
    and the corpses of his people litter the streets like garbage.
But even then the Lord’s anger is not satisfied.
    His fist is still poised to strike!

26 He will send a signal to distant nations far away
    and whistle to those at the ends of the earth.
    They will come racing toward Jerusalem.
27 They will not get tired or stumble.
    They will not stop for rest or sleep.
Not a belt will be loose,
    not a sandal strap broken.
28 Their arrows will be sharp
    and their bows ready for battle.
Sparks will fly from their horses’ hooves,
    and the wheels of their chariots will spin like a whirlwind.
29 They will roar like lions,
    like the strongest of lions.
Growling, they will pounce on their victims and carry them off,
    and no one will be there to rescue them.
30 They will roar over their victims on that day of destruction
    like the roaring of the sea.
If someone looks across the land,
    only darkness and distress will be seen;
    even the light will be darkened by clouds.

Isaiah’s Cleansing and Call

It was in the year King Uzziah died[j] that I saw the Lord. He was sitting on a lofty throne, and the train of his robe filled the Temple. Attending him were mighty seraphim, each having six wings. With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they flew. They were calling out to each other,

“Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Heaven’s Armies!
    The whole earth is filled with his glory!”

Their voices shook the Temple to its foundations, and the entire building was filled with smoke.

Then I said, “It’s all over! I am doomed, for I am a sinful man. I have filthy lips, and I live among a people with filthy lips. Yet I have seen the King, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies.”

Then one of the seraphim flew to me with a burning coal he had taken from the altar with a pair of tongs. He touched my lips with it and said, “See, this coal has touched your lips. Now your guilt is removed, and your sins are forgiven.”

Then I heard the Lord asking, “Whom should I send as a messenger to this people? Who will go for us?”

I said, “Here I am. Send me.”

And he said, “Yes, go, and say to this people,

‘Listen carefully, but do not understand.
    Watch closely, but learn nothing.’
10 Harden the hearts of these people.
    Plug their ears and shut their eyes.
That way, they will not see with their eyes,
    nor hear with their ears,
nor understand with their hearts
    and turn to me for healing.”[k]

11 Then I said, “Lord, how long will this go on?”

And he replied,

“Until their towns are empty,
    their houses are deserted,
    and the whole country is a wasteland;
12 until the Lord has sent everyone away,
    and the entire land of Israel lies deserted.
13 If even a tenth—a remnant—survive,
    it will be invaded again and burned.
But as a terebinth or oak tree leaves a stump when it is cut down,
    so Israel’s stump will be a holy seed.”

A Message for Ahaz

When Ahaz, son of Jotham and grandson of Uzziah, was king of Judah, King Rezin of Syria[l] and Pekah son of Remaliah, the king of Israel, set out to attack Jerusalem. However, they were unable to carry out their plan.

The news had come to the royal court of Judah: “Syria is allied with Israel[m] against us!” So the hearts of the king and his people trembled with fear, like trees shaking in a storm.

Then the Lord said to Isaiah, “Take your son Shear-jashub[n] and go out to meet King Ahaz. You will find him at the end of the aqueduct that feeds water into the upper pool, near the road leading to the field where cloth is washed.[o] Tell him to stop worrying. Tell him he doesn’t need to fear the fierce anger of those two burned-out embers, King Rezin of Syria and Pekah son of Remaliah. Yes, the kings of Syria and Israel are plotting against him, saying, ‘We will attack Judah and capture it for ourselves. Then we will install the son of Tabeel as Judah’s king.’ But this is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“This invasion will never happen;
    it will never take place;
for Syria is no stronger than its capital, Damascus,
    and Damascus is no stronger than its king, Rezin.
As for Israel, within sixty-five years
    it will be crushed and completely destroyed.
Israel is no stronger than its capital, Samaria,
    and Samaria is no stronger than its king, Pekah son of Remaliah.
Unless your faith is firm,
    I cannot make you stand firm.”

The Sign of Immanuel

10 Later, the Lord sent this message to King Ahaz: 11 “Ask the Lord your God for a sign of confirmation, Ahaz. Make it as difficult as you want—as high as heaven or as deep as the place of the dead.[p]

12 But the king refused. “No,” he said, “I will not test the Lord like that.”

13 Then Isaiah said, “Listen well, you royal family of David! Isn’t it enough to exhaust human patience? Must you exhaust the patience of my God as well? 14 All right then, the Lord himself will give you the sign. Look! The virgin[q] will conceive a child! She will give birth to a son and will call him Immanuel (which means ‘God is with us’). 15 By the time this child is old enough to choose what is right and reject what is wrong, he will be eating yogurt[r] and honey. 16 For before the child is that old, the lands of the two kings you fear so much will both be deserted.

17 “Then the Lord will bring things on you, your nation, and your family unlike anything since Israel broke away from Judah. He will bring the king of Assyria upon you!”

18 In that day the Lord will whistle for the army of southern Egypt and for the army of Assyria. They will swarm around you like flies and bees. 19 They will come in vast hordes and settle in the fertile areas and also in the desolate valleys, caves, and thorny places. 20 In that day the Lord will hire a “razor” from beyond the Euphrates River[s]—the king of Assyria—and use it to shave off everything: your land, your crops, and your people.[t]

21 In that day a farmer will be fortunate to have a cow and two sheep or goats left. 22 Nevertheless, there will be enough milk for everyone because so few people will be left in the land. They will eat their fill of yogurt and honey. 23 In that day the lush vineyards, now worth 1,000 pieces of silver,[u] will become patches of briers and thorns. 24 The entire land will become a vast expanse of briers and thorns, a hunting ground overrun by wildlife. 25 No one will go to the fertile hillsides where the gardens once grew, for briers and thorns will cover them. Cattle, sheep, and goats will graze there.

Footnotes

  1. 3:16 Or The women of Zion (with corresponding changes to plural forms through verse 24); Hebrew reads The daughters of Zion; also in 3:17.
  2. 3:24 As in Dead Sea Scrolls; Masoretic Text reads robes / because instead of beauty.
  3. 4:2 Or the Branch.
  4. 4:4 Or from the women of Zion; Hebrew reads from the daughters of Zion.
  5. 5:10a Hebrew A ten yoke, that is, the area of land plowed by ten teams of oxen in one day.
  6. 5:10b Hebrew a bath [21 liters].
  7. 5:10c Hebrew A homer [5 bushels or 220 liters] of seed will yield only an ephah [20 quarts or 22 liters].
  8. 5:14 Hebrew Sheol.
  9. 5:17 As in Greek version; Hebrew reads and strangers.
  10. 6:1 King Uzziah died in 740 B.c.
  11. 6:9-10 Greek version reads And he said, “Go and say to this people, / ‘When you hear what I say, you will not understand. / When you see what I do, you will not comprehend.’ / For the hearts of these people are hardened, / and their ears cannot hear, and they have closed their eyes— / so their eyes cannot see, / and their ears cannot hear, / and their hearts cannot understand, / and they cannot turn to me and let me heal them.” Compare Matt 13:14-15; Mark 4:12; Luke 8:10; Acts 28:26-27.
  12. 7:1 Hebrew Aram; also in 7:2, 4, 5, 8.
  13. 7:2 Hebrew Ephraim, referring to the northern kingdom of Israel; also in 7:5, 8, 9, 17.
  14. 7:3a Shear-jashub means “A remnant will return.”
  15. 7:3b Or bleached.
  16. 7:11 Hebrew as deep as Sheol.
  17. 7:14 Or young woman.
  18. 7:15 Or curds; also in 7:22.
  19. 7:20a Hebrew the river.
  20. 7:20b Hebrew shave off the head, the hair of the legs, and the beard.
  21. 7:23 Hebrew 1,000 [shekels] of silver, about 25 pounds or 11.4 kilograms in weight.

16 The Lord says,
    “The women of Zion(A) are haughty,
walking along with outstretched necks,(B)
    flirting with their eyes,
strutting along with swaying hips,
    with ornaments jingling on their ankles.
17 Therefore the Lord will bring sores on the heads of the women of Zion;
    the Lord will make their scalps bald.(C)

18 In that day(D) the Lord will snatch away their finery: the bangles and headbands and crescent necklaces,(E) 19 the earrings and bracelets(F) and veils,(G) 20 the headdresses(H) and anklets and sashes, the perfume bottles and charms, 21 the signet rings and nose rings,(I) 22 the fine robes and the capes and cloaks,(J) the purses 23 and mirrors, and the linen garments(K) and tiaras(L) and shawls.

24 Instead of fragrance(M) there will be a stench;(N)
    instead of a sash,(O) a rope;
instead of well-dressed hair, baldness;(P)
    instead of fine clothing, sackcloth;(Q)
    instead of beauty,(R) branding.(S)
25 Your men will fall by the sword,(T)
    your warriors in battle.(U)
26 The gates(V) of Zion will lament and mourn;(W)
    destitute,(X) she will sit on the ground.(Y)

In that day(Z) seven women
    will take hold of one man(AA)
and say, “We will eat our own food(AB)
    and provide our own clothes;
only let us be called by your name.
    Take away our disgrace!”(AC)

The Branch of the Lord

In that day(AD) the Branch of the Lord(AE) will be beautiful(AF) and glorious, and the fruit(AG) of the land will be the pride and glory(AH) of the survivors(AI) in Israel. Those who are left in Zion,(AJ) who remain(AK) in Jerusalem, will be called holy,(AL) all who are recorded(AM) among the living in Jerusalem. The Lord will wash away the filth(AN) of the women of Zion;(AO) he will cleanse(AP) the bloodstains(AQ) from Jerusalem by a spirit[a] of judgment(AR) and a spirit[b] of fire.(AS) Then the Lord will create(AT) over all of Mount Zion(AU) and over those who assemble there a cloud of smoke by day and a glow of flaming fire by night;(AV) over everything the glory[c](AW) will be a canopy.(AX) It will be a shelter(AY) and shade from the heat of the day, and a refuge(AZ) and hiding place from the storm(BA) and rain.

The Song of the Vineyard

I will sing for the one I love
    a song about his vineyard:(BB)
My loved one had a vineyard
    on a fertile hillside.
He dug it up and cleared it of stones
    and planted it with the choicest vines.(BC)
He built a watchtower(BD) in it
    and cut out a winepress(BE) as well.
Then he looked for a crop of good grapes,
    but it yielded only bad fruit.(BF)

“Now you dwellers in Jerusalem and people of Judah,
    judge between me and my vineyard.(BG)
What more could have been done for my vineyard
    than I have done for it?(BH)
When I looked for good grapes,
    why did it yield only bad?(BI)
Now I will tell you
    what I am going to do to my vineyard:
I will take away its hedge,
    and it will be destroyed;(BJ)
I will break down its wall,(BK)
    and it will be trampled.(BL)
I will make it a wasteland,(BM)
    neither pruned nor cultivated,
    and briers and thorns(BN) will grow there.
I will command the clouds
    not to rain(BO) on it.”

The vineyard(BP) of the Lord Almighty
    is the nation of Israel,
and the people of Judah
    are the vines he delighted in.
And he looked for justice,(BQ) but saw bloodshed;
    for righteousness,(BR) but heard cries of distress.(BS)

Woes and Judgments

Woe(BT) to you who add house to house
    and join field to field(BU)
till no space is left
    and you live alone in the land.

The Lord Almighty(BV) has declared in my hearing:(BW)

“Surely the great houses will become desolate,(BX)
    the fine mansions left without occupants.
10 A ten-acre vineyard will produce only a bath[d] of wine;
    a homer[e] of seed will yield only an ephah[f] of grain.”(BY)

11 Woe(BZ) to those who rise early in the morning
    to run after their drinks,
who stay up late at night
    till they are inflamed with wine.(CA)
12 They have harps and lyres at their banquets,
    pipes(CB) and timbrels(CC) and wine,
but they have no regard(CD) for the deeds of the Lord,
    no respect for the work of his hands.(CE)
13 Therefore my people will go into exile(CF)
    for lack of understanding;(CG)
those of high rank(CH) will die of hunger
    and the common people will be parched with thirst.(CI)
14 Therefore Death(CJ) expands its jaws,
    opening wide its mouth;(CK)
into it will descend their nobles and masses
    with all their brawlers and revelers.(CL)
15 So people will be brought low(CM)
    and everyone humbled,(CN)
    the eyes of the arrogant(CO) humbled.
16 But the Lord Almighty will be exalted(CP) by his justice,(CQ)
    and the holy God will be proved holy(CR) by his righteous acts.
17 Then sheep will graze as in their own pasture;(CS)
    lambs will feed[g] among the ruins of the rich.

18 Woe(CT) to those who draw sin along with cords(CU) of deceit,
    and wickedness(CV) as with cart ropes,
19 to those who say, “Let God hurry;
    let him hasten(CW) his work
    so we may see it.
The plan of the Holy One(CX) of Israel—
    let it approach, let it come into view,
    so we may know it.”(CY)

20 Woe(CZ) to those who call evil good(DA)
    and good evil,(DB)
who put darkness for light
    and light for darkness,(DC)
who put bitter for sweet
    and sweet for bitter.(DD)

21 Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes(DE)
    and clever in their own sight.

22 Woe to those who are heroes at drinking wine(DF)
    and champions at mixing drinks,(DG)
23 who acquit the guilty for a bribe,(DH)
    but deny justice(DI) to the innocent.(DJ)
24 Therefore, as tongues of fire(DK) lick up straw(DL)
    and as dry grass sinks down in the flames,
so their roots will decay(DM)
    and their flowers blow away like dust;(DN)
for they have rejected the law of the Lord Almighty
    and spurned the word(DO) of the Holy One(DP) of Israel.
25 Therefore the Lord’s anger(DQ) burns against his people;
    his hand is raised and he strikes them down.
The mountains shake,(DR)
    and the dead bodies(DS) are like refuse(DT) in the streets.(DU)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,(DV)
    his hand is still upraised.(DW)

26 He lifts up a banner(DX) for the distant nations,
    he whistles(DY) for those at the ends of the earth.(DZ)
Here they come,
    swiftly and speedily!
27 Not one of them grows tired(EA) or stumbles,
    not one slumbers or sleeps;
not a belt(EB) is loosened at the waist,(EC)
    not a sandal strap is broken.(ED)
28 Their arrows are sharp,(EE)
    all their bows(EF) are strung;
their horses’ hooves(EG) seem like flint,
    their chariot wheels like a whirlwind.(EH)
29 Their roar is like that of the lion,(EI)
    they roar like young lions;
they growl as they seize(EJ) their prey
    and carry it off with no one to rescue.(EK)
30 In that day(EL) they will roar over it
    like the roaring of the sea.(EM)
And if one looks at the land,
    there is only darkness(EN) and distress;(EO)
    even the sun will be darkened(EP) by clouds.

Isaiah’s Commission

In the year that King Uzziah(EQ) died,(ER) I saw the Lord,(ES) high and exalted,(ET) seated on a throne;(EU) and the train of his robe(EV) filled the temple. Above him were seraphim,(EW) each with six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet,(EX) and with two they were flying. And they were calling to one another:

“Holy, holy(EY), holy is the Lord Almighty;(EZ)
    the whole earth(FA) is full of his glory.”(FB)

At the sound of their voices the doorposts and thresholds shook and the temple was filled with smoke.(FC)

“Woe(FD) to me!” I cried. “I am ruined!(FE) For I am a man of unclean lips,(FF) and I live among a people of unclean lips,(FG) and my eyes have seen(FH) the King,(FI) the Lord Almighty.”(FJ)

Then one of the seraphim flew to me with a live coal(FK) in his hand, which he had taken with tongs from the altar. With it he touched my mouth and said, “See, this has touched your lips;(FL) your guilt is taken away and your sin atoned for.(FM)

Then I heard the voice(FN) of the Lord saying, “Whom shall I send?(FO) And who will go for us?(FP)

And I said, “Here am I.(FQ) Send me!”

He said, “Go(FR) and tell this people:

“‘Be ever hearing, but never understanding;
    be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’(FS)
10 Make the heart of this people calloused;(FT)
    make their ears dull
    and close their eyes.[h](FU)
Otherwise they might see with their eyes,
    hear with their ears,(FV)
    understand with their hearts,
and turn and be healed.”(FW)

11 Then I said, “For how long, Lord?”(FX)

And he answered:

“Until the cities lie ruined(FY)
    and without inhabitant,
until the houses are left deserted(FZ)
    and the fields ruined and ravaged,(GA)
12 until the Lord has sent everyone far away(GB)
    and the land is utterly forsaken.(GC)
13 And though a tenth remains(GD) in the land,
    it will again be laid waste.(GE)
But as the terebinth and oak
    leave stumps(GF) when they are cut down,
    so the holy(GG) seed will be the stump in the land.”(GH)

The Sign of Immanuel

When Ahaz(GI) son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, was king of Judah, King Rezin(GJ) of Aram(GK) and Pekah(GL) son of Remaliah(GM) king of Israel marched up to fight against Jerusalem, but they could not overpower it.

Now the house of David(GN) was told, “Aram has allied itself with[i] Ephraim(GO)”; so the hearts of Ahaz and his people were shaken,(GP) as the trees of the forest are shaken by the wind.

Then the Lord said to Isaiah, “Go out, you and your son Shear-Jashub,[j](GQ) to meet Ahaz at the end of the aqueduct of the Upper Pool, on the road to the Launderer’s Field.(GR) Say to him, ‘Be careful, keep calm(GS) and don’t be afraid.(GT) Do not lose heart(GU) because of these two smoldering stubs(GV) of firewood—because of the fierce anger(GW) of Rezin and Aram and of the son of Remaliah.(GX) Aram, Ephraim and Remaliah’s(GY) son have plotted(GZ) your ruin, saying, “Let us invade Judah; let us tear it apart and divide it among ourselves, and make the son of Tabeel king over it.” Yet this is what the Sovereign Lord says:(HA)

“‘It will not take place,
    it will not happen,(HB)
for the head of Aram is Damascus,(HC)
    and the head of Damascus is only Rezin.(HD)
Within sixty-five years
    Ephraim will be too shattered(HE) to be a people.
The head of Ephraim is Samaria,(HF)
    and the head of Samaria is only Remaliah’s son.
If you do not stand(HG) firm in your faith,(HH)
    you will not stand at all.’”(HI)

10 Again the Lord spoke to Ahaz, 11 “Ask the Lord your God for a sign,(HJ) whether in the deepest depths or in the highest heights.(HK)

12 But Ahaz said, “I will not ask; I will not put the Lord to the test.(HL)

13 Then Isaiah said, “Hear now, you house of David!(HM) Is it not enough(HN) to try the patience of humans? Will you try the patience(HO) of my God(HP) also? 14 Therefore the Lord himself will give you[k] a sign:(HQ) The virgin[l](HR) will conceive and give birth to a son,(HS) and[m] will call him Immanuel.[n](HT) 15 He will be eating curds(HU) and honey(HV) when he knows enough to reject the wrong and choose the right, 16 for before the boy knows(HW) enough to reject the wrong and choose the right,(HX) the land of the two kings you dread will be laid waste.(HY) 17 The Lord will bring on you and on your people and on the house of your father a time unlike any since Ephraim broke away(HZ) from Judah—he will bring the king of Assyria.(IA)

Assyria, the Lord’s Instrument

18 In that day(IB) the Lord will whistle(IC) for flies from the Nile delta in Egypt and for bees from the land of Assyria.(ID) 19 They will all come and settle in the steep ravines and in the crevices(IE) in the rocks, on all the thornbushes(IF) and at all the water holes. 20 In that day(IG) the Lord will use(IH) a razor hired from beyond the Euphrates River(II)—the king of Assyria(IJ)—to shave your head and private parts, and to cut off your beard(IK) also.(IL) 21 In that day,(IM) a person will keep alive a young cow and two goats.(IN) 22 And because of the abundance of the milk they give, there will be curds to eat. All who remain in the land will eat curds(IO) and honey.(IP) 23 In that day,(IQ) in every place where there were a thousand vines worth a thousand silver shekels,[o](IR) there will be only briers and thorns.(IS) 24 Hunters will go there with bow and arrow, for the land will be covered with briers(IT) and thorns. 25 As for all the hills(IU) once cultivated by the hoe, you will no longer go there for fear of the briers and thorns;(IV) they will become places where cattle are turned loose and where sheep run.(IW)

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 4:4 Or the Spirit
  2. Isaiah 4:4 Or the Spirit
  3. Isaiah 4:5 Or over all the glory there
  4. Isaiah 5:10 That is, about 6 gallons or about 22 liters
  5. Isaiah 5:10 That is, probably about 360 pounds or about 160 kilograms
  6. Isaiah 5:10 That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
  7. Isaiah 5:17 Septuagint; Hebrew / strangers will eat
  8. Isaiah 6:10 Hebrew; Septuagint ‘You will be ever hearing, but never understanding; / you will be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’ / 10 This people’s heart has become calloused; / they hardly hear with their ears, / and they have closed their eyes
  9. Isaiah 7:2 Or has set up camp in
  10. Isaiah 7:3 Shear-Jashub means a remnant will return.
  11. Isaiah 7:14 The Hebrew is plural.
  12. Isaiah 7:14 Or young woman
  13. Isaiah 7:14 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls son, and he or son, and they
  14. Isaiah 7:14 Immanuel means God with us.
  15. Isaiah 7:23 That is, about 25 pounds or about 12 kilograms