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Time of Trouble for Ephraim and Jerusalem

28 It is a time of trouble to the crown of pride and to the drunk men of Ephraim, whose shining beauty is a dying flower. It is at the head of the rich valley of those who have taken too much wine! See, the Lord has one who is strong and powerful, like a storm of hail, a destroying storm. As with a flood of powerful waters flowing over, He will bring them down to the earth with His hand. The crown of pride, the drunk men of Ephraim, will be crushed under foot. The dying flower of its shining beauty which is at the head of the rich valley will be like the first fig grown before the summer. When one sees it, he takes it in his hand and eats it. In that day the Lord of All will be a crown of shining-greatness, a beautiful crown to those who are left of His people. He will be a spirit of what is fair to him who judges the people. He will be a strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate. These also walk from one side to the other side because of wine and strong drink. The religious leaders and the men who tell what will happen in the future make mistakes because of strong drink. They are troubled by wine. They walk from side to side because of strong drink. They make mistakes as they have special dreams. And they make mistakes when judging between right and wrong. All the tables are covered with what they have spit up. There is no place that is clean.

“Who is it He is trying to teach? To whom will He tell what He has to say? Children finished with their nursing and just taken from the breast? 10 For He says, ‘Law on law, law on law, rule on rule, rule on rule, a little here, a little there.’” 11 The Lord will speak to these people through men from other lands and in strange languages. 12 He Who said to them, “This is rest, give rest to the tired and weak.” And, “This is the place to rest,” but they would not listen. 13 So the Word of the Lord to them will be, “Law on law, law on law, rule on rule, rule on rule, a little here, a little there,” that they may go and fall back, be broken, trapped, and taken away by those who hate them.

A Stone of Great Worth in Jerusalem

14 So hear the Word of the Lord, you who laugh at the truth, who rule the people in Jerusalem! 15 You have said, “We have made an agreement with death. With the place of the dead we have made an agreement. The destroying flood will not touch us when it passes by. We have made lies our safe place. We have hidden ourselves with what is false.” 16 So the Lord God says, “See, I lay in Jerusalem a Stone of great worth to build upon, a tested Stone. Anyone who puts his trust in Him will not be afraid of what will happen. 17 And I will use what is fair to decide about the base. And I will use what is right and good to make it straight. Then hail will take away all the lies you depend on, and the waters will flow over the place where you hide. 18 Your agreement with death will come to an end. Your agreement with the place of the dead will be stopped. When a flood of trouble passes through, you will be beaten down by it. 19 As often as it passes through, it will take you. And it will pass through morning after morning, anytime during the day or night. To understand what it means will bring much fear.” 20 The bed is too short to lie on in comfort. And the covering is too small to put around yourself. 21 For the Lord will rise up as at Mount Perazim. He will be angry as in the valley of Gibeon, to do what He needs to do, His strange act, and to do His work, His different kind of work. 22 So now do not laugh, or your chains will be made stronger. I have heard that the Lord God of All plans to destroy the whole earth.

The Wisdom of God

23 Listen and hear my voice. Listen and hear my words. 24 Does the farmer plow all the time to plant seed? Does he keep on turning and digging up the ground? 25 When he gets the ground ready to plant, does he not sow dill seeds and cummin seeds and wheat in rows? Does he not put barley in its place, and rye in the right place? 26 For his God tells him what to do and teaches him the right way. 27 Dill is not crushed with a crushing object. And the wagon wheel is not rolled over cummin. But dill is beaten out with a stick, and cummin with a heavy stick. 28 Grain for bread is crushed. He does not keep on crushing it forever. When he drives his wagon-wheel over it with his horses, it does not crush it. 29 This also comes from the Lord of All, Who has given wonderful wise words and great wisdom.

Trouble for Jerusalem

29 It is bad for Ariel, Ariel the city where David once set up his tents! Add year to year. Keep your special suppers at the right times. I will bring trouble to Ariel. She will be a city of sorrow and crying. She will be like an altar covered with blood to me. I will camp against you, all around you. And I will build battle walls against you, and towers from which to fight you. Then you will be brought low. From the earth you will speak. Your words will come from the dust. Your voice will be like that of a spirit from the ground. Your quiet speaking will come from the dust.

But the many who hate you will become like fine dust. The many who show no pity will be like the part of the grain that is of no worth and blows away. It will happen all at once. You will be visited by the Lord of All, with thunder and earth-shaking and loud noise, and with wind and storm and a destroying fire. And the many nations that fight against Ariel, all who fight against her and her strong-place and bring trouble to her, will be like a dream. They will be like a special dream of the night. It will be as when a hungry man dreams he is eating, but when he wakes up, he is not filled. It will be as when a thirsty man dreams he is drinking, but when he wakes up, he is weak and still thirsty. This is how the many nations will be that fight against Mount Zion.

The Locked Book

Stop and wait. Blind yourselves and be blind. They are drunk, but not with wine. They walk from side to side, but not because of strong drink. 10 For the Lord has given you a deep sleep. He has shut your eyes, you who speak for God. He has covered your heads, men of God. 11 And the special dream of all this will be to you like the words of a locked book. When they give it to one who can read, saying, “Read this,” he says, “I cannot, for it is locked.” 12 Then they will give the book to one who cannot read, saying, “Read this.” And he will say, “I cannot read.”

13 The Lord said, “These people show respect to Me with their mouth, and honor Me with their lips, but their heart is far from Me. Their worship of Me is worth nothing. They teach rules that men have made. 14 So see, I will once again do great things with these people, great and wonderful things. And the wisdom of their wise men will be gone. The understanding of their wise men will be hidden.”

Hope for the Future

15 It is bad for those who try to hide their plans from the Lord, and whose works are done in a dark place. They say, “Who sees us?” or, “Who knows us?” 16 You turn things up-side-down! Is the pot-maker the same as the clay? Should what is made say to its maker, “He did not make me”? Should what is made say to him who made it, “He has no understanding”?

17 Is it not yet a very little while before Lebanon will be turned into a rich good field? The rich good field will be thought of as being full of many trees. 18 In that day those who cannot hear will hear the words of a book. And the eyes of the blind will see out of the darkness. 19 Those who have suffered will be happier in the Lord. Those who are in need will have joy in the Holy One of Israel. 20 For those who show no pity will come to an end. And those who laugh at the truth will be stopped. All who want to be sinful will be cut off. 21 Those who say something to make a man seem to be in the wrong, and who trap the one who acts as a judge at the gate, and who tell lies to cause a good man to be punished, will be cut off.

22 So this is what the Lord, Who made Abraham free, said about the family of Jacob: “Jacob will not be ashamed. No more will their faces become white with fear. 23 But when they see their children with them, the work of My hands, they will keep My Name holy, and will give honor to the Holy One of Jacob. They will stand in wonder of the God of Israel. 24 Those who do wrong in spirit will understand the truth. And those who complain will receive teaching.”

Woe to the Leaders of Ephraim and Judah

28 Woe(A) to that wreath, the pride of Ephraim’s(B) drunkards,
    to the fading flower, his glorious beauty,
set on the head of a fertile valley(C)
    to that city, the pride of those laid low by wine!(D)
See, the Lord has one who is powerful(E) and strong.
    Like a hailstorm(F) and a destructive wind,(G)
like a driving rain and a flooding(H) downpour,
    he will throw it forcefully to the ground.
That wreath, the pride of Ephraim’s(I) drunkards,
    will be trampled(J) underfoot.
That fading flower, his glorious beauty,
    set on the head of a fertile valley,(K)
will be like figs(L) ripe before harvest—
    as soon as people see them and take them in hand,
    they swallow them.

In that day(M) the Lord Almighty
    will be a glorious(N) crown,(O)
a beautiful wreath
    for the remnant(P) of his people.
He will be a spirit of justice(Q)
    to the one who sits in judgment,(R)
a source of strength
    to those who turn back the battle(S) at the gate.

And these also stagger(T) from wine(U)
    and reel(V) from beer:
Priests(W) and prophets(X) stagger from beer
    and are befuddled with wine;
they reel from beer,
    they stagger when seeing visions,(Y)
    they stumble when rendering decisions.
All the tables are covered with vomit(Z)
    and there is not a spot without filth.

“Who is it he is trying to teach?(AA)
    To whom is he explaining his message?(AB)
To children weaned(AC) from their milk,(AD)
    to those just taken from the breast?
10 For it is:
    Do this, do that,
    a rule for this, a rule for that[a];
    a little here, a little there.(AE)

11 Very well then, with foreign lips and strange tongues(AF)
    God will speak to this people,(AG)
12 to whom he said,
    “This is the resting place, let the weary rest”;(AH)
and, “This is the place of repose”—
    but they would not listen.
13 So then, the word of the Lord to them will become:
    Do this, do that,
    a rule for this, a rule for that;
    a little here, a little there(AI)
so that as they go they will fall backward;
    they will be injured(AJ) and snared and captured.(AK)

14 Therefore hear the word of the Lord,(AL) you scoffers(AM)
    who rule this people in Jerusalem.
15 You boast, “We have entered into a covenant with death,(AN)
    with the realm of the dead we have made an agreement.
When an overwhelming scourge sweeps by,(AO)
    it cannot touch us,
for we have made a lie(AP) our refuge
    and falsehood[b] our hiding place.(AQ)

16 So this is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“See, I lay a stone in Zion,(AR) a tested stone,(AS)
    a precious cornerstone for a sure foundation;(AT)
the one who relies on it
    will never be stricken with panic.(AU)
17 I will make justice(AV) the measuring line
    and righteousness the plumb line;(AW)
hail(AX) will sweep away your refuge, the lie,
    and water will overflow(AY) your hiding place.
18 Your covenant with death will be annulled;
    your agreement with the realm of the dead will not stand.(AZ)
When the overwhelming scourge sweeps by,(BA)
    you will be beaten down(BB) by it.
19 As often as it comes it will carry you away;(BC)
    morning after morning,(BD) by day and by night,
    it will sweep through.”

The understanding of this message
    will bring sheer terror.(BE)
20 The bed is too short to stretch out on,
    the blanket too narrow to wrap around you.(BF)
21 The Lord will rise up as he did at Mount Perazim,(BG)
    he will rouse himself as in the Valley of Gibeon(BH)
to do his work,(BI) his strange work,
    and perform his task, his alien task.
22 Now stop your mocking,(BJ)
    or your chains will become heavier;
the Lord, the Lord Almighty, has told me
    of the destruction decreed(BK) against the whole land.(BL)

23 Listen(BM) and hear my voice;
    pay attention and hear what I say.
24 When a farmer plows for planting,(BN) does he plow continually?
    Does he keep on breaking up and working the soil?
25 When he has leveled the surface,
    does he not sow caraway and scatter cumin?(BO)
Does he not plant wheat in its place,[c]
    barley(BP) in its plot,[d]
    and spelt(BQ) in its field?
26 His God instructs him
    and teaches(BR) him the right way.

27 Caraway is not threshed(BS) with a sledge,(BT)
    nor is the wheel of a cart rolled over cumin;
caraway is beaten out with a rod,(BU)
    and cumin with a stick.
28 Grain must be ground to make bread;
    so one does not go on threshing it forever.
The wheels of a threshing cart(BV) may be rolled over it,
    but one does not use horses to grind grain.
29 All this also comes from the Lord Almighty,
    whose plan is wonderful,(BW)
    whose wisdom is magnificent.(BX)

Woe to David’s City

29 Woe(BY) to you, Ariel, Ariel,(BZ)
    the city(CA) where David settled!
Add year to year
    and let your cycle of festivals(CB) go on.
Yet I will besiege Ariel;(CC)
    she will mourn and lament,(CD)
    she will be to me like an altar hearth.[e](CE)
I will encamp against you on all sides;
    I will encircle(CF) you with towers
    and set up my siege works(CG) against you.
Brought low, you will speak from the ground;
    your speech will mumble(CH) out of the dust.(CI)
Your voice will come ghostlike(CJ) from the earth;
    out of the dust your speech will whisper.(CK)

But your many enemies will become like fine dust,(CL)
    the ruthless(CM) hordes like blown chaff.(CN)
Suddenly,(CO) in an instant,
    the Lord Almighty will come(CP)
with thunder(CQ) and earthquake(CR) and great noise,
    with windstorm and tempest(CS) and flames of a devouring fire.(CT)
Then the hordes of all the nations(CU) that fight against Ariel,(CV)
    that attack her and her fortress and besiege her,
will be as it is with a dream,(CW)
    with a vision in the night—
as when a hungry person dreams of eating,
    but awakens(CX) hungry still;
as when a thirsty person dreams of drinking,
    but awakens faint and thirsty still.(CY)
So will it be with the hordes of all the nations
    that fight against Mount Zion.(CZ)

Be stunned and amazed,(DA)
    blind yourselves and be sightless;(DB)
be drunk,(DC) but not from wine,(DD)
    stagger,(DE) but not from beer.
10 The Lord has brought over you a deep sleep:(DF)
    He has sealed your eyes(DG) (the prophets);(DH)
    he has covered your heads (the seers).(DI)

11 For you this whole vision(DJ) is nothing but words sealed(DK) in a scroll. And if you give the scroll to someone who can read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I can’t; it is sealed.” 12 Or if you give the scroll to someone who cannot read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I don’t know how to read.”

13 The Lord says:

“These people(DL) come near to me with their mouth
    and honor me with their lips,(DM)
    but their hearts are far from me.(DN)
Their worship of me
    is based on merely human rules they have been taught.[f](DO)
14 Therefore once more I will astound these people
    with wonder upon wonder;(DP)
the wisdom of the wise(DQ) will perish,
    the intelligence of the intelligent will vanish.(DR)
15 Woe to those who go to great depths
    to hide(DS) their plans from the Lord,
who do their work in darkness and think,
    “Who sees us?(DT) Who will know?”(DU)
16 You turn things upside down,
    as if the potter were thought to be like the clay!(DV)
Shall what is formed say to the one who formed(DW) it,
    “You did not make me”?
Can the pot say to the potter,(DX)
    “You know nothing”?(DY)

17 In a very short time,(DZ) will not Lebanon(EA) be turned into a fertile field(EB)
    and the fertile field seem like a forest?(EC)
18 In that day(ED) the deaf(EE) will hear the words of the scroll,
    and out of gloom and darkness(EF)
    the eyes of the blind will see.(EG)
19 Once more the humble(EH) will rejoice in the Lord;
    the needy(EI) will rejoice in the Holy One(EJ) of Israel.
20 The ruthless(EK) will vanish,(EL)
    the mockers(EM) will disappear,
    and all who have an eye for evil(EN) will be cut down—
21 those who with a word make someone out to be guilty,
    who ensnare the defender in court(EO)
    and with false testimony(EP) deprive the innocent of justice.(EQ)

22 Therefore this is what the Lord, who redeemed(ER) Abraham,(ES) says to the descendants of Jacob:

“No longer will Jacob be ashamed;(ET)
    no longer will their faces grow pale.(EU)
23 When they see among them their children,(EV)
    the work of my hands,(EW)
they will keep my name holy;(EX)
    they will acknowledge the holiness of the Holy One(EY) of Jacob,
    and will stand in awe of the God of Israel.
24 Those who are wayward(EZ) in spirit will gain understanding;(FA)
    those who complain will accept instruction.”(FB)

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 28:10 Hebrew / sav lasav sav lasav / kav lakav kav lakav (probably meaningless sounds mimicking the prophet’s words); also in verse 13
  2. Isaiah 28:15 Or false gods
  3. Isaiah 28:25 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  4. Isaiah 28:25 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  5. Isaiah 29:2 The Hebrew for altar hearth sounds like the Hebrew for Ariel.
  6. Isaiah 29:13 Hebrew; Septuagint They worship me in vain; / their teachings are merely human rules