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Parábola de la viña

Quiero cantar ahora por mi amado el canto de mi amado a su viña:(A)

Mi amado tenía una viña en una ladera fértil. La cercó y la despejó de piedras, y luego plantó en ella vides escogidas; en medio del campo levantó una torre, y además construyó un lagar. Esperaba que su viña diera buenas uvas, pero dio uvas silvestres.

Y ahora, habitantes de Jerusalén, hombres de Judá: juzguen entre mi viña y yo. ¿Qué más podía hacerse a mi viña, que yo no le haya hecho? ¿Cómo es que dio uvas silvestres, cuando yo esperaba que diera buenas uvas?

Pues voy a mostrarles lo que haré con mi viña: Le quitaré la cerca, para que sea consumida; abriré una brecha en su muralla, para que sea pisoteada. Haré que se quede desierta. Nadie la podará ni la cultivará. Crecerán en ella cardos y espinos, y ordenaré a las nubes que no derramen lluvia sobre ella. En realidad, la viña del Señor de los ejércitos es la casa de Israel, y los hombres de Judá son la planta en que él se complace. Esperaba él justicia, y sólo hay injusticia; equidad, y sólo hay iniquidad.

Ayes sobre los malvados

¡Ay de los que anexan una casa a otra casa, un terreno a otro terreno, hasta poseer todo lugar! ¿Acaso quieren todo el país para ustedes solos? Ha llegado a los oídos del Señor de los ejércitos, que muchas casas grandes y hermosas se quedarán en ruinas y sin que nadie las habite. 10 Las viñas que rendían diez barriles de vino rendirán un solo barril; ¡diez sacos de semilla rendirán un solo saco de trigo!

11 ¡Ay de los que madrugan para emborracharse! ¡Ay de los que se desvelan para encenderse con el vino! 12 En sus banquetes tienen arpas, liras, tamboriles, flautas y vino, pero no toman en cuenta la obra del Señor ni se fijan en la obra de sus manos. 13 Por eso mi pueblo fue llevado cautivo: por su falta de conocimiento. Sus mejores hombres murieron de hambre; sus multitudes murieron de sed. 14 Por eso el sepulcro ensanchó su garganta, y abrió sus desmesuradas fauces. ¡Al sepulcro bajará su esplendorosa multitud, con sus fiestas y su algarabía! 15 Ricos y pobres serán humillados; los de mirada altanera serán abatidos; 16 pero el Señor de los ejércitos será exaltado con la justicia; el Dios Santo será santificado con la victoria. 17 Los corderos serán apacentados como es la costumbre, pero gente extraña consumirá los desolados campos de los ricos.

18 ¡Ay de los que atraen la iniquidad con cuerdas de vanidad, y el pecado con correas de carreta!

19 ¡Ay de los que dicen: «Que venga ya su obra y se dé prisa. Que se acerque y la veamos. Que venga el consejo del Santo de Israel, para que lo conozcamos»!

20 ¡Ay de los que llaman bueno a lo malo, y malo a lo bueno!

¡Ay de los que convierten la luz en tinieblas, y las tinieblas en luz!

¡Ay de que convierten lo amargo en dulce, y lo dulce en amargo!

21 ¡Ay de los que se creen sabios!

¡Ay de los que se consideran muy inteligentes!

22 ¡Ay de los valientes para beber vino, de los audaces para mezclar bebidas!

23 ¡Ay de los que mediante el soborno justifican al malvado y despojan de sus derechos al hombre honrado!

24 Por eso su raíz será como la podredumbre; por eso su flor se desvanecerá como el polvo, así como la llama del fuego consume el rastrojo y la lumbre devora la paja, porque despreciaron la enseñanza del Señor de los ejércitos y desdeñaron la palabra del Santo de Israel.

25 Por eso se encendió el furor del Señor contra su pueblo; por eso su mano se extendió contra él para herirlo; por eso se estremecieron los montes y sus cadáveres fueron arrojados a las calles. Y a pesar de todo esto, su furor no se ha calmado; su mano sigue aún extendida.

26 Agitará una bandera para llamar a naciones lejanas; con un silbido llamará a los que están en los confines de la tierra; y estos vendrán con gran rapidez. 27 Nadie entre ellos se mostrará cansado, ninguno de ellos tropezará ni se caerá de sueño; ninguno de ellos vendrá a medio vestir, ni con las correas de sus sandalias rotas. 28 Sus flechas ya estarán afiladas; todos sus arcos, bien tensados; los cascos de sus caballos parecerán pedernal; las ruedas de sus carros parecerán torbellinos. 29 Rugirán como leones, como cachorros de león; rechinarán los dientes y atraparán a su presa, y se la llevarán a un lugar seguro, sin que nadie se la pueda arrebatar. 30 Cuando llegue ese día, él bramará sobre ellos como brama el mar. Cuando mire hacia la tierra, sólo verá angustiosas tinieblas, y en sus cielos la luz será oscuridad.

I want to sing a song for someone I love,
a song about my loved one and his vineyard.
My loved one had a vineyard
on a very fertile hill.
He dug up its stones and cleared them away,
planted it with the choicest vines,
built a watchtower in the middle of it,
and carved out in its rock a winepress.
He expected it to produce good grapes,
but it produced only sour, wild grapes.

Now, citizens of Yerushalayim and people of Y’hudah,
judge between me and my vineyard.
What more could I have done for my vineyard
that I haven’t already done in it?
So why, when I expected good grapes,
did it produce sour, wild grapes?

Now come, I will tell you
what I will do to my vineyard:
I will remove its hedge,
and [its grapes] will be eaten up;
I will break through its fence,
and [its vines] will be trampled down.
I will let it go to waste:
it will be neither pruned nor hoed,
but overgrown with briars and thorns.
I will also order the clouds
not to let rain fall on it.

Now the vineyard of Adonai-Tzva’ot
is the house of Isra’el,
and the men of Y’hudah
are the plant he delighted in.
So he expected justice,
but look — bloodshed! —
and righteousness, but listen —
cries of distress!

Woe to those who add house to house
and join field to field,
until there’s no room for anyone else,
and you live in splendor alone on your land.
Adonai-Tzva’ot said in my ears,
“Many houses will be brought to ruin,
large, magnificent ones left empty;
10 for a ten-acre vineyard will produce
only five gallons of wine,
and seed from five bushels of grain
will yield but half a bushel.”

11 Woe to those who get up early
to pursue intoxicating liquor;
who stay up late at night,
until wine inflames them.
12 They have lutes and lyres, drums and flutes,
and wine at their parties;
but they pay no attention to how Adonai works
and never look at what his hands have made.
13 For such lack of knowledge
my people go into exile;
this is also why their respected men starve
and their masses are parched from thirst.
14 Therefore Sh’ol has enlarged itself
and opened its limitless jaws —
and down go their nobles and masses,
along with their noise and revels.
15 The masses are lowered, the nobles are humbled —
proud looks will be brought down.
16 But Adonai-Tzva’ot is exalted through justice,
God the Holy One is consecrated through righteousness.
17 Then lambs will be able to feed
as if they were in their own pasture,
and those wandering through will eat
from the ruined fields of the overfed.

18 Woe to those who begin by pulling
at transgression with a thread,
but end by dragging sin along
as if with a cart rope.
19 They say, “We want God to speed up his work,
to hurry it along, so we can see it!
We want the Holy One of Isra’el’s plan
to come true right now, so we can be sure of it!”

20 Woe to those who call evil good
and good evil,
who change darkness into light
and light into darkness,
who change bitter into sweet
and sweet into bitter!

21 Woe to those seeing themselves as wise,
esteeming themselves as clever.

22 Woe to those who are heroes at drinking wine,
men whose power goes to mixing strong drinks,
23 who acquit the guilty for bribes
but deny justice to the righteous!
24 Therefore, as fire licks up the stubble,
and the chaff is consumed in the flame;
so their root will rot,
and their flowers scatter like dust;
because they have rejected the Torah
of Adonai-Tzva’ot,
they have despised the word
of the Holy One of Isra’el.
25 This is why Adonai’s anger blazed up against his people,
why he stretched out his hand against them and struck them
[so hard that] the hills shook,
and corpses lay like trash in the streets.

Even after all this, his anger remains,
his upraised hand still threatens.

26 He will give a signal to faraway nations,
he will whistle for them to come
from the ends of the earth;
and here they come, so fast! —
27 none of them tired or stumbling,
none of them sleeping or drowsy,
none with a loose belt,
none with a broken sandal-strap.
28 Their arrows are sharp,
all their bows are strung,
their horses’ hoofs are like flint,
and their [chariot] wheels like a whirlwind.
29 They will roar like lions —
yes, roaring like young lions,
they growl and seize the prey
and carry it off, with no one to rescue.
30 On that day they will growl at them,
like the sea when it growls —
and when one looks toward land,
one sees darkness closing in;
the light is dissipated
in the obscuring overcast.

The Song of the Vineyard

I will sing for the one I love
    a song about his vineyard:(A)
My loved one had a vineyard
    on a fertile hillside.
He dug it up and cleared it of stones
    and planted it with the choicest vines.(B)
He built a watchtower(C) in it
    and cut out a winepress(D) as well.
Then he looked for a crop of good grapes,
    but it yielded only bad fruit.(E)

“Now you dwellers in Jerusalem and people of Judah,
    judge between me and my vineyard.(F)
What more could have been done for my vineyard
    than I have done for it?(G)
When I looked for good grapes,
    why did it yield only bad?(H)
Now I will tell you
    what I am going to do to my vineyard:
I will take away its hedge,
    and it will be destroyed;(I)
I will break down its wall,(J)
    and it will be trampled.(K)
I will make it a wasteland,(L)
    neither pruned nor cultivated,
    and briers and thorns(M) will grow there.
I will command the clouds
    not to rain(N) on it.”

The vineyard(O) of the Lord Almighty
    is the nation of Israel,
and the people of Judah
    are the vines he delighted in.
And he looked for justice,(P) but saw bloodshed;
    for righteousness,(Q) but heard cries of distress.(R)

Woes and Judgments

Woe(S) to you who add house to house
    and join field to field(T)
till no space is left
    and you live alone in the land.

The Lord Almighty(U) has declared in my hearing:(V)

“Surely the great houses will become desolate,(W)
    the fine mansions left without occupants.
10 A ten-acre vineyard will produce only a bath[a] of wine;
    a homer[b] of seed will yield only an ephah[c] of grain.”(X)

11 Woe(Y) to those who rise early in the morning
    to run after their drinks,
who stay up late at night
    till they are inflamed with wine.(Z)
12 They have harps and lyres at their banquets,
    pipes(AA) and timbrels(AB) and wine,
but they have no regard(AC) for the deeds of the Lord,
    no respect for the work of his hands.(AD)
13 Therefore my people will go into exile(AE)
    for lack of understanding;(AF)
those of high rank(AG) will die of hunger
    and the common people will be parched with thirst.(AH)
14 Therefore Death(AI) expands its jaws,
    opening wide its mouth;(AJ)
into it will descend their nobles and masses
    with all their brawlers and revelers.(AK)
15 So people will be brought low(AL)
    and everyone humbled,(AM)
    the eyes of the arrogant(AN) humbled.
16 But the Lord Almighty will be exalted(AO) by his justice,(AP)
    and the holy God will be proved holy(AQ) by his righteous acts.
17 Then sheep will graze as in their own pasture;(AR)
    lambs will feed[d] among the ruins of the rich.

18 Woe(AS) to those who draw sin along with cords(AT) of deceit,
    and wickedness(AU) as with cart ropes,
19 to those who say, “Let God hurry;
    let him hasten(AV) his work
    so we may see it.
The plan of the Holy One(AW) of Israel—
    let it approach, let it come into view,
    so we may know it.”(AX)

20 Woe(AY) to those who call evil good(AZ)
    and good evil,(BA)
who put darkness for light
    and light for darkness,(BB)
who put bitter for sweet
    and sweet for bitter.(BC)

21 Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes(BD)
    and clever in their own sight.

22 Woe to those who are heroes at drinking wine(BE)
    and champions at mixing drinks,(BF)
23 who acquit the guilty for a bribe,(BG)
    but deny justice(BH) to the innocent.(BI)
24 Therefore, as tongues of fire(BJ) lick up straw(BK)
    and as dry grass sinks down in the flames,
so their roots will decay(BL)
    and their flowers blow away like dust;(BM)
for they have rejected the law of the Lord Almighty
    and spurned the word(BN) of the Holy One(BO) of Israel.
25 Therefore the Lord’s anger(BP) burns against his people;
    his hand is raised and he strikes them down.
The mountains shake,(BQ)
    and the dead bodies(BR) are like refuse(BS) in the streets.(BT)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,(BU)
    his hand is still upraised.(BV)

26 He lifts up a banner(BW) for the distant nations,
    he whistles(BX) for those at the ends of the earth.(BY)
Here they come,
    swiftly and speedily!
27 Not one of them grows tired(BZ) or stumbles,
    not one slumbers or sleeps;
not a belt(CA) is loosened at the waist,(CB)
    not a sandal strap is broken.(CC)
28 Their arrows are sharp,(CD)
    all their bows(CE) are strung;
their horses’ hooves(CF) seem like flint,
    their chariot wheels like a whirlwind.(CG)
29 Their roar is like that of the lion,(CH)
    they roar like young lions;
they growl as they seize(CI) their prey
    and carry it off with no one to rescue.(CJ)
30 In that day(CK) they will roar over it
    like the roaring of the sea.(CL)
And if one looks at the land,
    there is only darkness(CM) and distress;(CN)
    even the sun will be darkened(CO) by clouds.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 5:10 That is, about 6 gallons or about 22 liters
  2. Isaiah 5:10 That is, probably about 360 pounds or about 160 kilograms
  3. Isaiah 5:10 That is, probably about 36 pounds or about 16 kilograms
  4. Isaiah 5:17 Septuagint; Hebrew / strangers will eat