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2 Samuel 20-24
Common English Bible
2 Samuel 20-24
Common English Bible
Sheba’s rebellion
20 Now a despicable man named Sheba, Bichri’s son, from Benjamin, was also there. He sounded the trumpet and said:
“We don’t care about David!
We have no stake in Jesse’s son!
Go back to your homes, Israel!”
2 So all the Israelites left David to follow Bichri’s son Sheba. But all the people of Judah stayed close to their king from the Jordan River all the way to Jerusalem.
3 When David arrived at his palace in Jerusalem, the king took the ten secondary wives he had left to take care of the palace and put them in a house under guard. He provided for them, but he didn’t have sex with them. They were confined until the day they died, and lived like widows.
4 Then the king said to Amasa, “Call everyone in Judah here to me three days from now. You should be here too.” 5 So Amasa went to call Judah together, but he took longer than the allotted time.
6 David told Abishai, “Bichri’s son Sheba will cause more trouble for us than Absalom did. Take your master’s servants and chase after him before he finds fortified cities and escapes from us.” 7 So Joab’s men marched out after Sheba—this included the Cherethites, the Pelethites, and all the warriors. They marched out of Jerusalem to pursue Bichri’s son Sheba.
8 When they got to the great stone in Gibeon, Amasa came to meet them. Joab was dressed in his soldier’s uniform. Over the tunic at his waist he wore a sword in its sheath. As Joab went forward it slipped out.
9 “How are you, my brother?” Joab asked Amasa, and with his right hand he took hold of Amasa’s beard as if to kiss him. 10 But Amasa didn’t notice the sword in Joab’s hand. Joab struck him in the stomach with it so that Amasa’s intestines spilled out on the ground. He died without Joab striking him a second time. Then Joab and his brother Abishai pursued Sheba, Bichri’s son.
11 One of Joab’s men stood by Amasa and said, “Whoever favors Joab, and whoever is for David, follow Joab!” 12 Amasa was writhing in blood in the middle of the road, and the man saw that everyone was stopping. When he saw this, he dragged Amasa from the road into a field and threw a robe over him. 13 Once Amasa was moved out of the road, everyone who followed Joab marched past in pursuit of Bichri’s son Sheba.
14 Sheba went through all the Israelite tribes up to Abel of Beth-maacah. All the Bichrites[a] assembled and followed Sheba in. 15 Then Joab’s men arrived and attacked Sheba at Abel of Beth-maacah. They piled up a ramp against the city, and it stood against the outer wall.[b] All of Joab’s troops were hammering the wall, trying to bring it down.
16 Then a wise woman called from the city, “Listen! Listen! Tell Joab to come over here, so I can talk to him.”
17 So Joab approached her, and the woman said, “Are you Joab?”
“I am,” he answered.
“Pay close attention to the words of your female servant,” she said.
“I’m listening,” Joab replied.
18 She said, “People used to say long ago: ‘Ask your question at Abel,’ and that settled the matter. 19 I am one of the peaceful and faithful in Israel, but you are trying to kill a city that is one of Israel’s mothers! Why would you annihilate the Lord’s inheritance?”
20 Joab answered, “I would never, ever annihilate or destroy such a thing! 21 That’s not the issue. A man named Sheba, Bichri’s son, who is from the Ephraim highlands, has rebelled against King David. Just hand him over, and I’ll leave the city alone.”
The woman said to Joab, “His head will be thrown over the wall to you!”
22 When the woman went to everyone with her wise counsel, they cut off the head of Sheba, Bichri’s son, and threw it out to Joab. Then Joab sounded the trumpet, and his troops left the city, returning to their homes. But Joab returned to the king in Jerusalem.
David’s officials
23 Now Joab was in command of Israel’s army; Jehoiada’s son Benaiah commanded the Cherethites and the Pelethites; 24 Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Ahilud’s son Jehoshaphat was the recorder; 25 Sheva was secretary; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; 26 and Ira from Jair was also a priest for David.
Avenging the Gibeonites
21 There was a famine for three years in a row during David’s rule. David asked the Lord about this, and the Lord said, “It is caused by Saul and his household, who are guilty of bloodshed because he killed the people of Gibeon.” 2 So the king called for the Gibeonites and spoke to them.
(Now the Gibeonites weren’t Israelites but were survivors of the Amorites. The Israelites had sworn a solemn pledge to spare them, but Saul tried to eliminate them in his enthusiasm for the people of Israel and Judah.)
3 David said to the Gibeonites, “What can I do for you? How can I fix matters so you can benefit from the Lord’s inheritance?”
4 The Gibeonites said to him, “We don’t want any silver or gold from Saul or his family, and it isn’t our right to have anyone in Israel killed.”
“What do you want?”[c] David asked. “I’ll do it for you.”
5 “Okay then,” they said to the king. “That man who opposed and oppressed[d] us, who planned to destroy us, keeping us from having a place to live anywhere in Israel— 6 hand over seven of his sons to us, and we will hang them before the Lord at Gibeon[e] on the Lord’s mountain.”
“I will hand them over,” the king said.
7 But the king spared Mephibosheth, Jonathan’s son and Saul’s grandson, because of the Lord’s solemn pledge that was between them—between David and Saul’s son Jonathan. 8 So the king took the two sons of Aiah’s daughter Rizpah, Armoni and Mephibosheth, whom she had birthed for Saul; and the five sons of Saul’s daughter Merab,[f] whom she birthed for Adriel, Barzillai’s son, who was from Meholah, 9 and he handed them over to the Gibeonites. They hanged them on the mountain before the Lord. The seven of them died at the same time. They were executed in the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.
10 Aiah’s daughter Rizpah took funeral clothing and spread it out by herself on a rock. She stayed there from the beginning of the harvest until the rains poured down on the bodies from the sky, and she wouldn’t let any birds of prey land on the bodies during the day or let wild animals come at nighttime. 11 When David was told what Aiah’s daughter Rizpah, Saul’s secondary wife, had done, 12 he went and retrieved the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from the citizens of Jabesh-gilead, who had stolen the bones from the public square in Beth-shan, where the Philistines had hanged them on the day the Philistines killed Saul at Gilboa. 13 David brought the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from there and collected the bones of the men who had been hanged by the Gibeonites. 14 The bones of Saul and his son Jonathan were then buried in Zela, in Benjaminite territory, in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish. Once everything the king had commanded was done, God responded to prayers for the land.
War with the Philistines
15 Once again war broke out between the Philistines and Israel. David and the soldiers who were with him went down and fought the Philistines. When David grew tired, 16 Ishbi-benob, a descendant of the Raphah,[g] planned on killing David.[h] The weight of his spear was three hundred shekels of bronze, and he was wearing new armor. 17 But Zeruiah’s son Abishai came to David’s aid, striking the Philistine down and killing him. Then David’s men swore a solemn pledge to him: “You will never march out to battle with us again! You must not snuff out Israel’s lamp!”
18 Some time later, another battle with the Philistines took place at Gob. Then Sibbecai from Hushah killed Saph, a descendant of the Raphah. 19 There was yet another battle with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan, Jair’s son[i] from Bethlehem, killed Goliath from Gath, whose spear shaft was as strong as the bar on a weaver’s loom. 20 In another battle at Gath, there was a huge[j] man who had six fingers on his hands and six toes on his feet, twenty-four in all. He too was descended from the Raphah. 21 When he insulted Israel, Jonathan, who was the son of David’s brother Shimei, killed him. 22 These four Philistines were descended from the Raphah in Gath, and they fell by the hands of David and his servants.
David’s thanksgiving psalm
22 [k] David spoke the words of this song to the Lord after the Lord delivered him from the power of all his enemies and from Saul.
2 He said:
The Lord is my solid rock, my fortress, my rescuer.
3 My God is my rock—I take refuge in him!—
he’s my shield and my salvation’s strength,
my place of safety and my shelter.
My savior! Save me from violence!
4 Because he is praiseworthy,[l]
I cried out to the Lord,
and I was saved from my enemies.
5 Death’s waves were all around me;
rivers of wickedness terrified me.
6 The cords of the grave[m] surrounded me;
death’s traps held me tight.
7 In my distress I cried out to the Lord;
I cried out to my God.
God heard my voice from his temple;
my cry for help reached his ears.
8 The earth rocked and shook;
the sky’s foundations trembled
and reeled because of God’s anger.
9 Smoke went up from God’s nostrils;
out of his mouth came a devouring fire;
flaming coals blazed out in front of him!
10 God parted the skies and came down;
thick darkness was beneath his feet.
11 God mounted the heavenly creatures and flew;
he was seen on the wind’s wings.
12 God made darkness his covering;
water gathered in dense clouds!
13 Coals of fire blazed out of the brightness before him.
14 The Lord thundered from heaven;
the Most High made his voice heard.
15 God shot arrows, scattering the enemy;
he sent the lightning and whipped them into confusion.
16 The seabeds were exposed;
the earth’s foundations were laid bare at the Lord’s rebuke,
at the angry blast of air coming from his nostrils.
17 From on high God reached down and grabbed me;
he took me out of deep waters.
18 God saved me from my powerful enemy,
saved me from my foes, who were too much for me.
19 They came at me on the very day of my distress,
but the Lord was my support.
20 He brought me out to wide-open spaces;
he pulled me out, because he is pleased with me.
21 The Lord rewarded me for my righteousness;
he restored me because my hands are clean,
22 because I have kept the Lord’s ways.
I haven’t acted wickedly against my God.
23 All his rules are right in front of me;
I haven’t turned away from any of his laws.
24 I have lived with integrity before him;
I’ve kept myself from wrongdoing.
25 And so the Lord restored me for my righteousness,
because I am clean in his eyes.
26 You deal faithfully with the faithful;
you show integrity toward the one who has integrity.
27 You are pure toward the pure,
but toward the crooked, you are tricky.
28 You are the one who saves people who suffer,
but your eyes are against the proud.
You bring them down!
29 You are my lamp, Lord;
the Lord illumines my darkness.
30 With you I can charge into battle;
with my God I can leap over a wall.
31 God! His way is perfect;
the Lord’s word is tried and true.
He is a shield for all who take refuge in him.
32 Now really, who is divine except the Lord?
And who is a rock except our God?
33 Only God! My mighty fortress,
who makes my way[n] perfect,
34 who makes my step[o] as sure as the deer’s,
who lets me stand securely on the heights,
35 who trains my hands for war
so my arms can bend a bronze bow.
36 You’ve given me the shield of your salvation;
your help has made me great.
37 You’ve let me walk fast and safe,
without even twisting an ankle.
38 I chased my enemies and destroyed them!
I didn’t come home until I finished them off.
39 I ate them up! I struck them down!
They couldn’t get up;
they fell under my feet.
40 You equipped me with strength for war;
you brought my adversaries down underneath me.
41 You made my enemies turn tail from me;
I destroyed my foes.
42 They looked around, but there was no one to save them.
They looked to the Lord, but he wouldn’t answer them.
43 I crushed them like dust on the ground;
I stomped on them, trampled them like mud dumped in the streets.
44 You delivered me from struggles with many people;
you appointed me the leader of many nations.
Strangers come to serve me.
45 Foreigners grovel before me;
after hearing about me, they obey me.
46 Foreigners lose their nerve;
they come trembling out of their fortresses.[p]
47 The Lord lives! Bless God, my rock!
Let my God, the rock of my salvation, be lifted high!
48 This is the God who avenges on my behalf,
who subdues peoples before me,
49 who rescues me from my enemies.
You lifted me high above my adversaries;
you delivered me from violent people.
50 That’s why I thank you, Lord, in the presence of the nations.
That’s why I sing praises to your name.
51 You are the one who gives great victories to your king,
who shows faithful love to your anointed one—
to David and to his descendants forever.
David’s last words
23 These are David’s last words:
This is the declaration of Jesse’s son David,
the declaration of a man raised high,
a man anointed by the God of Jacob,
a man favored by the strong one of Israel.[q]
2 The Lord’s spirit speaks through me;
his word is on my tongue.
3 Israel’s God has spoken,
Israel’s rock said to me:
“Whoever rules rightly over people,
whoever rules in the fear of God,
4 is like the light of sunrise
on a morning with no clouds,
like the bright gleam after the rain
that brings grass from the ground.”
5 Yes, my house is this way with God![r]
He has made an eternal covenant with me,
laid out and secure in every detail.
Yes, he provides every one of my victories
and brings my every desire to pass.
6 But despicable people are like thorns,
all of them good for nothing,
because they can’t be carried by hand.
7 No one can touch them,
except with iron bar or the shaft of a spear.
They must be burned up with fire right on the spot!
David’s warriors
8 These are the names of David’s warriors: Jeshbaal[s] from Hachmon[t] was chief of the Three.[u] He raised his spear[v] against eight hundred, killing them on a single occasion.
9 Next in command was Eleazar, Dodo’s son and Ahohi’s grandson. He was among the three warriors with David when they insulted the Philistines who had gathered there for battle. The Israelites retreated, 10 but he stood his ground and fought the Philistines until his hand was weary and stuck to the sword. But the Lord accomplished a great victory that day. The troops then returned to Eleazar, but only to plunder the dead.
11 Next in command was Agee’s son Shammah, who was from Harar. The Philistines had gathered at Lehi, where there was a plot of land full of lentils. The troops fled from the Philistines, 12 but Shammah took a position in the middle of the plot, defended it, and struck down the Philistines. The Lord accomplished a great victory.
13 At harvesttime, three of the thirty chiefs went down and joined David at the fortress[w] of Adullam, while a force of Philistines were camped in the Rephaim Valley. 14 At that time, David was in the fortress, and a Philistine fort was in Bethlehem. 15 David had a craving and said, “If only someone could give me a drink of water from the well by the gate in Bethlehem.” 16 So the three warriors broke through the Philistine camp and drew water from the well by the gate in Bethlehem and brought it back to David. But he refused to drink it and poured it out to the Lord.
17 “The Lord forbid that I should do that,” he said. “Isn’t this the blood of men who risked their lives?” So he refused to drink it.
These were the kinds of things the three warriors did.
18 Now Zeruiah’s son Abishai, the brother of Joab, was chief of the Thirty.[x] He raised his spear against three hundred men, killed them, and made a name for himself along with the Three. 19 He was the most famous of the Thirty.[y] He became their commander, but he wasn’t among the Three.
20 Jehoiada’s son Benaiah was a hero from Kabzeel who performed great deeds. He killed the two sons[z] of Ariel from Moab. He once went down into a pit and killed a lion on a snowy day. 21 He also killed a giant[aa] Egyptian who had a spear in his hand. Benaiah went against him armed with a staff. He grabbed the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 22 These were the kinds of things Jehoiada’s son Benaiah did. He made a name for himself along with the three warriors. 23 He was famous among the Thirty, but he didn’t become one of the Three. David placed him in command of his own bodyguard.
24 Among the Thirty were:
Asahel, Joab’s brother;
Elhanan, Dodo’s son from Bethlehem;
25 Shammah from Harod;
Elika from Harod;
26 Helez from Pelet;
Ira, Ikkesh’s son from Tekoa;
27 Abiezer from Anathoth;
Mebunnai the Hushathite;
28 Zalmon from Ahoh;
Maharai from Netophah;
29 Heleb, Baanah’s son from Netophah;
Ittai, Ribai’s son from Gibeah in Benjamin;
30 Benaiah from Pirathon;
Hiddai from the Gaash ravines;
31 Abi-albon from the desert plain;
Azmaveth from Bahurim;
32 Eliahba from Shaalbon;
Jashen the Gizonite;[ab]
Jonathan, 33 Shammah’s son[ac] from Harar;
Ahiam, Sharar’s son from Harar;
34 Eliphelet, Ahasbai’s son from Maacah;
Eliam, Ahithophel’s son from Giloh;
35 Hezro from Carmel;
Paarai from Erab;
36 Igal, Nathan’s son from Zobah;
Bani the Gadite;
37 Zelek the Ammonite;
Naharai from Beeroth, and the armor-bearer for Zeruiah’s son Joab;
38 Ira from Ither;
Gaeb from Ither;
39 and Uriah the Hittite—
thirty-seven in all.
David’s census
24 The Lord burned with anger against Israel again, and he incited David against them: Go and count the people of Israel and Judah.
2 So the king said to Joab and the military commanders[ad] who were with him, “Go throughout all the tribes of Israel, from Dan to Beer-sheba, and take a census of the people so I know how many people there are.”
3 Joab said to the king, “May the Lord your God increase the number of people a hundred times while the eyes of my master the king can still see it! But why does my master the king want to do this?”
4 But the king’s word overruled Joab and the military commanders. So Joab and the commanders left the king’s presence to take a census of the Israelites. 5 They crossed the Jordan River and began from Aroer and from[ae] the town that is in the middle of the valley of Gad, then on to Jazer. 6 They continued to Gilead and on to Kadesh in Hittite territory.[af] They came to Dan[ag] and went around to Sidon. 7 They went to the fortress of Tyre and to all the towns of the Hivites and the Canaanites. They went out to Beer-sheba in the arid southern plain of Judah. 8 At the end of nine months and twenty days, after going through the entire country, they came back to Jerusalem. 9 Joab reported to the king the number of the people who had been counted: in Israel there were eight hundred thousand strong men who could handle a sword; in Judah the total was five hundred thousand men.
10 But after this David felt terrible that he had counted the people. David said to the Lord, “I have sinned greatly in what I have done. Now, Lord, please take away the guilt of your servant because I have done something very foolish.”
11 When David got up the next morning, the Lord’s word came to the prophet Gad, David’s seer: 12 Go and tell David, This is what the Lord says: I’m offering you three punishments. Choose one of them, and that is what I will do to you.
13 So Gad went to David and said to him, “Will three[ah] years of famine come on your land? Or will you run from your enemies for three months while they chase you? Or will there be three days of plague in your land? Decide now what answer I should take back to the one who sent me.”
14 “I’m in deep trouble,” David said to Gad. “Let’s fall into the Lord’s hands because his mercy is great, but don’t let me fall into human hands.”
15 So the Lord sent a plague on Israel from that very morning until the allotted time. Seventy thousand people died, from Dan to Beer-sheba. 16 But when the divine messenger stretched out his hand to destroy Jerusalem, the Lord regretted doing this disaster and said to the messenger who was destroying the people, “That’s enough! Withdraw your hand.” At that time the Lord’s messenger was by the threshing floor of Araunah from Jebus.
17 When David saw the messenger who was striking down the people, he said, “I’m the one who sinned! I’m the one who has done wrong. But these sheep—what have they done wrong? Turn your hand against me and my household.”
18 That same day Gad came to David and told him, “Go up and build an altar to the Lord on the threshing floor of Araunah from Jebus.” 19 So David went up, following Gad’s instructions, just as the Lord had commanded.
20 Araunah looked up and saw the king and his servants approaching him. Araunah rushed out and bowed low before the king, his nose to the ground. 21 Araunah said, “Why has my master and king come to his servant?”
David said, “To buy this threshing floor from you to build an altar to the Lord, so the plague among the people may come to an end.”
22 Then Araunah said to David, “Take it for yourself, and may my master the king do what he thinks is best. Here are oxen for the entirely burned offering, and here are threshing boards and oxen yokes for wood. 23 All this, Your Majesty, Araunah gives to the king.” Then he added, “May the Lord your God respond favorably to you!”
24 “No,” the king said to Araunah. “I will buy them from you at a fair price. I won’t offer up to the Lord my God entirely burned offerings that cost me nothing.” So David bought the threshing floor and the oxen for fifty shekels of silver. 25 David built an altar there for the Lord and offered entirely burned offerings and well-being sacrifices. The Lord responded to the prayers for the land, and the plague against Israel came to an end.
Footnotes
- 2 Samuel 20:14 Cf LXX, Vulg; MT Berites
- 2 Samuel 20:15 Heb uncertain
- 2 Samuel 21:4 LXXL, OL; MT What are you saying?
- 2 Samuel 21:5 LXXB; MT annihilated us
- 2 Samuel 21:6 Correction; cf LXX and 21:9; MT at Gibeah of Saul, the Lord’s chosen one
- 2 Samuel 21:8 LXXLN; MT Michal (but cf 2 Sam 6:23)
- 2 Samuel 21:16 Or giants; also in 21:18, 20, 22
- 2 Samuel 21:16 LXX Joash’s son Dodo, a descendant of the Raphah (see previous note), captured David.
- 2 Samuel 21:19 See 1 Chron 20:5, LXXLMN (cf 2 Sam 23:24); Heb Jaare-oregim.
- 2 Samuel 21:20 See 1 Chron 20:6; MT a Midianite or a combative man.
- 2 Samuel 22:1 This poem also occurs in Psalm 18 with some variations.
- 2 Samuel 22:4 Heb uncertain
- 2 Samuel 22:6 Heb Sheol
- 2 Samuel 22:33 Qere; Kethib his way
- 2 Samuel 22:34 Qere; Kethib his step
- 2 Samuel 22:46 Or prisons
- 2 Samuel 23:1 Or Israel’s favorite singer or the favorite of Israel’s songs
- 2 Samuel 23:5 Or Yes, my house is surely with God!
- 2 Samuel 23:8 LXXL, OL; MT Josheb-bashebeth; cf 1 Chron 11:11
- 2 Samuel 23:8 See 1 Chron 11:11.
- 2 Samuel 23:8 LXXL, Vulg; cf 1 Chron 11:11; MT chief of the officers
- 2 Samuel 23:8 Cf 1 Chron 11:11; Heb uncertain
- 2 Samuel 23:13 Or cave; cf 2 Sam 23:14
- 2 Samuel 23:18 Some Heb manuscripts, Syr; MT third or three
- 2 Samuel 23:19 Syr; cf 1 Chron 11:25; MT Wasn’t he the most famous of the Three?
- 2 Samuel 23:20 LXX; MT lacks sons.
- 2 Samuel 23:21 MT handsome; cf 1 Chron 11:23
- 2 Samuel 23:32 Cf 1 Chron 11:34; MT Jashen’s sons
- 2 Samuel 23:33 LXX; MT lacks son.
- 2 Samuel 24:2 LXX and 2 Sam 24:4; MT commander
- 2 Samuel 24:5 LXX; MT camped in Aroer south of the city
- 2 Samuel 24:6 Hebrew uncertain; correction on to the area beneath Hermon
- 2 Samuel 24:6 LXXL; MT Dan-jaan
- 2 Samuel 24:13 LXX, 1 Chron 21:12; MT seven
2 Samuel 20-24
New International Version
2 Samuel 20-24
New International Version
Sheba Rebels Against David
20 Now a troublemaker named Sheba son of Bikri, a Benjamite, happened to be there. He sounded the trumpet and shouted,
2 So all the men of Israel deserted David to follow Sheba son of Bikri. But the men of Judah stayed by their king all the way from the Jordan to Jerusalem.
3 When David returned to his palace in Jerusalem, he took the ten concubines(D) he had left to take care of the palace and put them in a house under guard. He provided for them but had no sexual relations with them. They were kept in confinement till the day of their death, living as widows.
4 Then the king said to Amasa,(E) “Summon the men of Judah to come to me within three days, and be here yourself.” 5 But when Amasa went to summon Judah, he took longer than the time the king had set for him.
6 David said to Abishai,(F) “Now Sheba son of Bikri will do us more harm than Absalom did. Take your master’s men and pursue him, or he will find fortified cities and escape from us.”[a] 7 So Joab’s men and the Kerethites(G) and Pelethites and all the mighty warriors went out under the command of Abishai. They marched out from Jerusalem to pursue Sheba son of Bikri.
8 While they were at the great rock in Gibeon,(H) Amasa came to meet them. Joab(I) was wearing his military tunic, and strapped over it at his waist was a belt with a dagger in its sheath. As he stepped forward, it dropped out of its sheath.
9 Joab said to Amasa, “How are you, my brother?” Then Joab took Amasa by the beard with his right hand to kiss him. 10 Amasa was not on his guard against the dagger(J) in Joab’s(K) hand, and Joab plunged it into his belly, and his intestines spilled out on the ground. Without being stabbed again, Amasa died. Then Joab and his brother Abishai pursued Sheba son of Bikri.
11 One of Joab’s men stood beside Amasa and said, “Whoever favors Joab, and whoever is for David, let him follow Joab!” 12 Amasa lay wallowing in his blood in the middle of the road, and the man saw that all the troops came to a halt(L) there. When he realized that everyone who came up to Amasa stopped, he dragged him from the road into a field and threw a garment over him. 13 After Amasa had been removed from the road, everyone went on with Joab to pursue Sheba son of Bikri.
14 Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel Beth Maakah and through the entire region of the Bikrites,[b](M) who gathered together and followed him. 15 All the troops with Joab came and besieged Sheba in Abel Beth Maakah.(N) They built a siege ramp(O) up to the city, and it stood against the outer fortifications. While they were battering the wall to bring it down, 16 a wise woman(P) called from the city, “Listen! Listen! Tell Joab to come here so I can speak to him.” 17 He went toward her, and she asked, “Are you Joab?”
“I am,” he answered.
She said, “Listen to what your servant has to say.”
“I’m listening,” he said.
18 She continued, “Long ago they used to say, ‘Get your answer at Abel,’ and that settled it. 19 We are the peaceful(Q) and faithful in Israel. You are trying to destroy a city that is a mother in Israel. Why do you want to swallow up the Lord’s inheritance?”(R)
20 “Far be it from me!” Joab replied, “Far be it from me to swallow up or destroy! 21 That is not the case. A man named Sheba son of Bikri, from the hill country of Ephraim, has lifted up his hand against the king, against David. Hand over this one man, and I’ll withdraw from the city.”
The woman said to Joab, “His head(S) will be thrown to you from the wall.”
22 Then the woman went to all the people with her wise advice,(T) and they cut off the head of Sheba son of Bikri and threw it to Joab. So he sounded the trumpet, and his men dispersed from the city, each returning to his home. And Joab went back to the king in Jerusalem.
David’s Officials
23 Joab(U) was over Israel’s entire army; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites and Pelethites; 24 Adoniram[c](V) was in charge of forced labor; Jehoshaphat(W) son of Ahilud was recorder; 25 Sheva was secretary; Zadok(X) and Abiathar were priests; 26 and Ira the Jairite[d] was David’s priest.
The Gibeonites Avenged
21 During the reign of David, there was a famine(Y) for three successive years; so David sought(Z) the face of the Lord. The Lord said, “It is on account of Saul and his blood-stained house; it is because he put the Gibeonites to death.”
2 The king summoned the Gibeonites(AA) and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not a part of Israel but were survivors of the Amorites; the Israelites had sworn to spare them, but Saul in his zeal for Israel and Judah had tried to annihilate them.) 3 David asked the Gibeonites, “What shall I do for you? How shall I make atonement so that you will bless the Lord’s inheritance?”(AB)
4 The Gibeonites answered him, “We have no right to demand silver or gold from Saul or his family, nor do we have the right to put anyone in Israel to death.”(AC)
“What do you want me to do for you?” David asked.
5 They answered the king, “As for the man who destroyed us and plotted against us so that we have been decimated and have no place anywhere in Israel, 6 let seven of his male descendants be given to us to be killed and their bodies exposed(AD) before the Lord at Gibeah of Saul—the Lord’s chosen(AE) one.”
So the king said, “I will give them to you.”
7 The king spared Mephibosheth(AF) son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, because of the oath(AG) before the Lord between David and Jonathan son of Saul. 8 But the king took Armoni and Mephibosheth, the two sons of Aiah’s daughter Rizpah,(AH) whom she had borne to Saul, together with the five sons of Saul’s daughter Merab,[e] whom she had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite.(AI) 9 He handed them over to the Gibeonites, who killed them and exposed their bodies on a hill before the Lord. All seven of them fell together; they were put to death(AJ) during the first days of the harvest, just as the barley harvest was beginning.(AK)
10 Rizpah daughter of Aiah took sackcloth and spread it out for herself on a rock. From the beginning of the harvest till the rain poured down from the heavens on the bodies, she did not let the birds touch them by day or the wild animals by night.(AL) 11 When David was told what Aiah’s daughter Rizpah, Saul’s concubine, had done, 12 he went and took the bones of Saul(AM) and his son Jonathan from the citizens of Jabesh Gilead.(AN) (They had stolen their bodies from the public square at Beth Shan,(AO) where the Philistines had hung(AP) them after they struck Saul down on Gilboa.)(AQ) 13 David brought the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from there, and the bones of those who had been killed and exposed were gathered up.
14 They buried the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish, at Zela(AR) in Benjamin, and did everything the king commanded. After that,(AS) God answered prayer(AT) in behalf of the land.(AU)
Wars Against the Philistines(AV)
15 Once again there was a battle between the Philistines(AW) and Israel. David went down with his men to fight against the Philistines, and he became exhausted. 16 And Ishbi-Benob, one of the descendants of Rapha, whose bronze spearhead weighed three hundred shekels[f] and who was armed with a new sword, said he would kill David. 17 But Abishai(AX) son of Zeruiah came to David’s rescue; he struck the Philistine down and killed him. Then David’s men swore to him, saying, “Never again will you go out with us to battle, so that the lamp(AY) of Israel will not be extinguished.(AZ)”
18 In the course of time, there was another battle with the Philistines, at Gob. At that time Sibbekai(BA) the Hushathite killed Saph, one of the descendants of Rapha.
19 In another battle with the Philistines at Gob, Elhanan son of Jair[g] the Bethlehemite killed the brother of[h] Goliath the Gittite,(BB) who had a spear with a shaft like a weaver’s rod.(BC)
20 In still another battle, which took place at Gath, there was a huge man with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot—twenty-four in all. He also was descended from Rapha. 21 When he taunted(BD) Israel, Jonathan son of Shimeah,(BE) David’s brother, killed him.
22 These four were descendants of Rapha in Gath, and they fell at the hands of David and his men.
David’s Song of Praise(BF)
22 David sang(BG) to the Lord the words of this song when the Lord delivered him from the hand of all his enemies and from the hand of Saul. 2 He said:
“The Lord is my rock,(BH) my fortress(BI) and my deliverer;(BJ)
3 my God is my rock, in whom I take refuge,(BK)
my shield[i](BL) and the horn[j](BM) of my salvation.
He is my stronghold,(BN) my refuge and my savior—
from violent people you save me.
4 “I called to the Lord, who is worthy(BO) of praise,
and have been saved from my enemies.
5 The waves(BP) of death swirled about me;
the torrents of destruction overwhelmed me.
6 The cords of the grave(BQ) coiled around me;
the snares of death confronted me.
7 “In my distress(BR) I called(BS) to the Lord;
I called out to my God.
From his temple he heard my voice;
my cry came to his ears.
8 The earth(BT) trembled and quaked,(BU)
the foundations(BV) of the heavens[k] shook;
they trembled because he was angry.
9 Smoke rose from his nostrils;
consuming fire(BW) came from his mouth,
burning coals(BX) blazed out of it.
10 He parted the heavens and came down;
dark clouds(BY) were under his feet.
11 He mounted the cherubim(BZ) and flew;
he soared[l] on the wings of the wind.(CA)
12 He made darkness(CB) his canopy around him—
the dark[m] rain clouds of the sky.
13 Out of the brightness of his presence
bolts of lightning(CC) blazed forth.
14 The Lord thundered(CD) from heaven;
the voice of the Most High resounded.
15 He shot his arrows(CE) and scattered the enemy,
with great bolts of lightning he routed them.
16 The valleys of the sea were exposed
and the foundations of the earth laid bare
at the rebuke(CF) of the Lord,
at the blast(CG) of breath from his nostrils.
17 “He reached down from on high(CH) and took hold of me;
he drew(CI) me out of deep waters.
18 He rescued(CJ) me from my powerful enemy,
from my foes, who were too strong for me.
19 They confronted me in the day of my disaster,
but the Lord was my support.(CK)
20 He brought me out into a spacious(CL) place;
he rescued(CM) me because he delighted(CN) in me.(CO)
21 “The Lord has dealt with me according to my righteousness;(CP)
according to the cleanness(CQ) of my hands(CR) he has rewarded me.
22 For I have kept(CS) the ways of the Lord;
I am not guilty of turning from my God.
23 All his laws are before me;(CT)
I have not turned(CU) away from his decrees.
24 I have been blameless(CV) before him
and have kept myself from sin.
25 The Lord has rewarded me according to my righteousness,(CW)
according to my cleanness[n] in his sight.
26 “To the faithful you show yourself faithful,
to the blameless you show yourself blameless,
27 to the pure(CX) you show yourself pure,
but to the devious you show yourself shrewd.(CY)
28 You save the humble,(CZ)
but your eyes are on the haughty(DA) to bring them low.(DB)
29 You, Lord, are my lamp;(DC)
the Lord turns my darkness into light.
30 With your help I can advance against a troop[o];
with my God I can scale a wall.
31 “As for God, his way is perfect:(DD)
The Lord’s word is flawless;(DE)
he shields(DF) all who take refuge in him.
32 For who is God besides the Lord?
And who is the Rock(DG) except our God?(DH)
33 It is God who arms me with strength[p]
and keeps my way secure.
34 He makes my feet like the feet of a deer;(DI)
he causes me to stand on the heights.(DJ)
35 He trains my hands(DK) for battle;
my arms can bend a bow(DL) of bronze.
36 You make your saving help my shield;(DM)
your help has made[q] me great.
37 You provide a broad path(DN) for my feet,
so that my ankles do not give way.
38 “I pursued my enemies and crushed them;
I did not turn back till they were destroyed.
39 I crushed(DO) them completely, and they could not rise;
they fell beneath my feet.
40 You armed me with strength for battle;
you humbled my adversaries before me.(DP)
41 You made my enemies turn their backs(DQ) in flight,
and I destroyed my foes.
42 They cried for help,(DR) but there was no one to save them—(DS)
to the Lord, but he did not answer.(DT)
43 I beat them as fine as the dust(DU) of the earth;
I pounded and trampled(DV) them like mud(DW) in the streets.
44 “You have delivered(DX) me from the attacks of the peoples;
you have preserved(DY) me as the head of nations.
People(DZ) I did not know now serve me,
45 foreigners cower(EA) before me;
as soon as they hear of me, they obey me.(EB)
46 They all lose heart;
they come trembling[r](EC) from their strongholds.
47 “The Lord lives! Praise be to my Rock!
Exalted(ED) be my God, the Rock, my Savior!(EE)
48 He is the God who avenges(EF) me,(EG)
who puts the nations under me,
49 who sets me free from my enemies.(EH)
You exalted me(EI) above my foes;
from a violent man you rescued me.
50 Therefore I will praise you, Lord, among the nations;
I will sing the praises(EJ) of your name.(EK)
51 “He gives his king great victories;(EL)
he shows unfailing kindness to his anointed,(EM)
to David(EN) and his descendants forever.”(EO)
David’s Last Words
23 These are the last words of David:
“The inspired utterance of David son of Jesse,
the utterance of the man exalted(EP) by the Most High,
the man anointed(EQ) by the God of Jacob,
the hero of Israel’s songs:
2 “The Spirit(ER) of the Lord spoke through me;
his word was on my tongue.
3 The God of Israel spoke,
the Rock(ES) of Israel said to me:
‘When one rules over people in righteousness,(ET)
when he rules in the fear(EU) of God,(EV)
4 he is like the light(EW) of morning(EX) at sunrise(EY)
on a cloudless morning,
like the brightness after rain(EZ)
that brings grass from the earth.’
5 “If my house were not right with God,
surely he would not have made with me an everlasting covenant,(FA)
arranged and secured in every part;
surely he would not bring to fruition my salvation
and grant me my every desire.
6 But evil men are all to be cast aside like thorns,(FB)
which are not gathered with the hand.
7 Whoever touches thorns
uses a tool of iron or the shaft of a spear;
they are burned up where they lie.”
David’s Mighty Warriors(FC)
8 These are the names of David’s mighty warriors:(FD)
Josheb-Basshebeth,[s](FE) a Tahkemonite,[t] was chief of the Three; he raised his spear against eight hundred men, whom he killed[u] in one encounter.
9 Next to him was Eleazar son of Dodai(FF) the Ahohite.(FG) As one of the three mighty warriors, he was with David when they taunted the Philistines gathered at Pas Dammim[v] for battle. Then the Israelites retreated, 10 but Eleazar stood his ground and struck down the Philistines till his hand grew tired and froze to the sword. The Lord brought about a great victory that day. The troops returned to Eleazar, but only to strip the dead.
11 Next to him was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. When the Philistines banded together at a place where there was a field full of lentils, Israel’s troops fled from them. 12 But Shammah took his stand in the middle of the field. He defended it and struck the Philistines down, and the Lord brought about a great victory.
13 During harvest time, three of the thirty chief warriors came down to David at the cave of Adullam,(FH) while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.(FI) 14 At that time David was in the stronghold,(FJ) and the Philistine garrison was at Bethlehem.(FK) 15 David longed for water and said, “Oh, that someone would get me a drink of water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!” 16 So the three mighty warriors broke through the Philistine lines, drew water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem and carried it back to David. But he refused to drink it; instead, he poured(FL) it out before the Lord. 17 “Far be it from me, Lord, to do this!” he said. “Is it not the blood(FM) of men who went at the risk of their lives?” And David would not drink it.
Such were the exploits of the three mighty warriors.
18 Abishai(FN) the brother of Joab son of Zeruiah was chief of the Three.[w] He raised his spear against three hundred men, whom he killed, and so he became as famous as the Three. 19 Was he not held in greater honor than the Three? He became their commander, even though he was not included among them.
20 Benaiah(FO) son of Jehoiada, a valiant fighter from Kabzeel,(FP) performed great exploits. He struck down Moab’s two mightiest warriors. He also went down into a pit on a snowy day and killed a lion. 21 And he struck down a huge Egyptian. Although the Egyptian had a spear in his hand, Benaiah went against him with a club. He snatched the spear from the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 22 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada; he too was as famous as the three mighty warriors. 23 He was held in greater honor than any of the Thirty, but he was not included among the Three. And David put him in charge of his bodyguard.
24 Among the Thirty were:
Asahel(FQ) the brother of Joab,
Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem,
25 Shammah the Harodite,(FR)
Elika the Harodite,
26 Helez(FS) the Paltite,
Ira(FT) son of Ikkesh from Tekoa,
27 Abiezer(FU) from Anathoth,(FV)
Sibbekai[x] the Hushathite,
28 Zalmon the Ahohite,
Maharai(FW) the Netophathite,(FX)
29 Heled[y](FY) son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah(FZ) in Benjamin,
30 Benaiah the Pirathonite,(GA)
Hiddai[z] from the ravines of Gaash,(GB)
31 Abi-Albon the Arbathite,
Azmaveth the Barhumite,(GC)
32 Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
the sons of Jashen,
Jonathan 33 son of[aa] Shammah the Hararite,
Ahiam son of Sharar[ab] the Hararite,
34 Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maakathite,(GD)
Eliam(GE) son of Ahithophel(GF) the Gilonite,
35 Hezro the Carmelite,(GG)
Paarai the Arbite,
36 Igal son of Nathan from Zobah,(GH)
the son of Hagri,[ac]
37 Zelek the Ammonite,
Naharai the Beerothite,(GI) the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
38 Ira the Ithrite,(GJ)
Gareb the Ithrite
39 and Uriah(GK) the Hittite.
There were thirty-seven in all.
David Enrolls the Fighting Men(GL)
24 Again(GM) the anger of the Lord burned against Israel,(GN) and he incited David against them, saying, “Go and take a census of(GO) Israel and Judah.”
2 So the king said to Joab(GP) and the army commanders[ad] with him, “Go throughout the tribes of Israel from Dan to Beersheba(GQ) and enroll(GR) the fighting men, so that I may know how many there are.”
3 But Joab(GS) replied to the king, “May the Lord your God multiply the troops a hundred times over,(GT) and may the eyes of my lord the king see it. But why does my lord the king want to do such a thing?”
4 The king’s word, however, overruled Joab and the army commanders; so they left the presence of the king to enroll the fighting men of Israel.
5 After crossing the Jordan, they camped near Aroer,(GU) south of the town in the gorge, and then went through Gad and on to Jazer.(GV) 6 They went to Gilead and the region of Tahtim Hodshi, and on to Dan Jaan and around toward Sidon.(GW) 7 Then they went toward the fortress of Tyre(GX) and all the towns of the Hivites(GY) and Canaanites. Finally, they went on to Beersheba(GZ) in the Negev(HA) of Judah.
8 After they had gone through the entire land, they came back to Jerusalem at the end of nine months and twenty days.
9 Joab reported the number of the fighting men to the king: In Israel there were eight hundred thousand able-bodied men who could handle a sword, and in Judah five hundred thousand.(HB)
10 David was conscience-stricken(HC) after he had counted the fighting men, and he said to the Lord, “I have sinned(HD) greatly in what I have done. Now, Lord, I beg you, take away the guilt of your servant. I have done a very foolish thing.(HE)”
11 Before David got up the next morning, the word of the Lord had come to Gad(HF) the prophet, David’s seer:(HG) 12 “Go and tell David, ‘This is what the Lord says: I am giving you three options. Choose one of them for me to carry out against you.’”
13 So Gad went to David and said to him, “Shall there come on you three[ae] years of famine(HH) in your land? Or three months of fleeing from your enemies while they pursue you? Or three days of plague(HI) in your land? Now then, think it over and decide how I should answer the one who sent me.”
14 David said to Gad, “I am in deep distress. Let us fall into the hands of the Lord, for his mercy(HJ) is great; but do not let me fall into human hands.”
15 So the Lord sent a plague on Israel from that morning until the end of the time designated, and seventy thousand of the people from Dan to Beersheba died.(HK) 16 When the angel stretched out his hand to destroy Jerusalem, the Lord relented(HL) concerning the disaster and said to the angel who was afflicting the people, “Enough! Withdraw your hand.” The angel of the Lord(HM) was then at the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite.
17 When David saw the angel who was striking down the people, he said to the Lord, “I have sinned; I, the shepherd,[af] have done wrong. These are but sheep.(HN) What have they done?(HO) Let your hand fall on me and my family.”(HP)
David Builds an Altar(HQ)
18 On that day Gad went to David and said to him, “Go up and build an altar to the Lord on the threshing floor of Araunah(HR) the Jebusite.” 19 So David went up, as the Lord had commanded through Gad. 20 When Araunah looked and saw the king and his officials coming toward him, he went out and bowed down before the king with his face to the ground.
21 Araunah said, “Why has my lord the king come to his servant?”
“To buy your threshing floor,” David answered, “so I can build an altar to the Lord, that the plague on the people may be stopped.”(HS)
22 Araunah said to David, “Let my lord the king take whatever he wishes and offer it up. Here are oxen(HT) for the burnt offering, and here are threshing sledges and ox yokes for the wood. 23 Your Majesty, Araunah[ag] gives(HU) all this to the king.” Araunah also said to him, “May the Lord your God accept you.”
24 But the king replied to Araunah, “No, I insist on paying you for it. I will not sacrifice to the Lord my God burnt offerings that cost me nothing.”(HV)
So David bought the threshing floor and the oxen and paid fifty shekels[ah](HW) of silver for them. 25 David built an altar(HX) to the Lord there and sacrificed burnt offerings and fellowship offerings. Then the Lord answered his prayer(HY) in behalf of the land, and the plague on Israel was stopped.
Footnotes
- 2 Samuel 20:6 Or and do us serious injury
- 2 Samuel 20:14 See Septuagint and Vulgate; Hebrew Berites.
- 2 Samuel 20:24 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Kings 4:6 and 5:14); Hebrew Adoram
- 2 Samuel 20:26 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 23:38) Ithrite
- 2 Samuel 21:8 Two Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 1 Samuel 18:19); most Hebrew and Septuagint manuscripts Michal
- 2 Samuel 21:16 That is, about 7 1/2 pounds or about 3.5 kilograms
- 2 Samuel 21:19 See 1 Chron. 20:5; Hebrew Jaare-Oregim.
- 2 Samuel 21:19 See 1 Chron. 20:5; Hebrew does not have the brother of.
- 2 Samuel 22:3 Or sovereign
- 2 Samuel 22:3 Horn here symbolizes strength.
- 2 Samuel 22:8 Hebrew; Vulgate and Syriac (see also Psalm 18:7) mountains
- 2 Samuel 22:11 Many Hebrew manuscripts (see also Psalm 18:10); most Hebrew manuscripts appeared
- 2 Samuel 22:12 Septuagint (see also Psalm 18:11); Hebrew massed
- 2 Samuel 22:25 Hebrew; Septuagint and Vulgate (see also Psalm 18:24) to the cleanness of my hands
- 2 Samuel 22:30 Or can run through a barricade
- 2 Samuel 22:33 Dead Sea Scrolls, some Septuagint manuscripts, Vulgate and Syriac (see also Psalm 18:32); Masoretic Text who is my strong refuge
- 2 Samuel 22:36 Dead Sea Scrolls; Masoretic Text shield; / you stoop down to make
- 2 Samuel 22:46 Some Septuagint manuscripts and Vulgate (see also Psalm 18:45); Masoretic Text they arm themselves
- 2 Samuel 23:8 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts suggest Ish-Bosheth, that is, Esh-Baal (see also 1 Chron. 11:11 Jashobeam).
- 2 Samuel 23:8 Probably a variant of Hakmonite (see 1 Chron. 11:11)
- 2 Samuel 23:8 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:11); Hebrew and other Septuagint manuscripts Three; it was Adino the Eznite who killed eight hundred men
- 2 Samuel 23:9 See 1 Chron. 11:13; Hebrew gathered there.
- 2 Samuel 23:18 Most Hebrew manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:20); two Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac Thirty
- 2 Samuel 23:27 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 21:18; 1 Chron. 11:29); Hebrew Mebunnai
- 2 Samuel 23:29 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Vulgate (see also 1 Chron. 11:30); most Hebrew manuscripts Heleb
- 2 Samuel 23:30 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:32) Hurai
- 2 Samuel 23:33 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:34); Hebrew does not have son of.
- 2 Samuel 23:33 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:35) Sakar
- 2 Samuel 23:36 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:38); Hebrew Haggadi
- 2 Samuel 24:2 Septuagint (see also verse 4 and 1 Chron. 21:2); Hebrew Joab the army commander
- 2 Samuel 24:13 Septuagint (see also 1 Chron. 21:12); Hebrew seven
- 2 Samuel 24:17 Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint; Masoretic Text does not have the shepherd.
- 2 Samuel 24:23 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint; most Hebrew manuscripts King Araunah
- 2 Samuel 24:24 That is, about 1 1/4 pounds or about 575 grams
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