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God’s Charge Against Ephraim

12 Ephraim has surrounded Me with lies,
    and the house of Israel with deceit.
But Judah still walks with God,
    and is faithful to the Holy One.[a]
12 Ephraim feeds on the wind
    and chases after the east wind all day long.
    He multiplies lies and devastation.
They make a covenant with Assyria,
    and oil is carried to Egypt.

A History of Rebellion

The Lord has a dispute with Judah,
    and will punish Jacob according to his ways,
    and repay him according to his doings.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 11:12 Or holy ones.

Israel’s History

12 [a] Ephraim has surrounded me with lies,[b]
and the house of Israel with deceit;
and Judah is still wandering with God
    and is faithful to the Holy One.

12 Ephraim herds the wind[c]
    and is pursuing the east wind all day long;
he multiplies deception and violence
    and he[d] makes a treaty with Assyria,[e]
    and oil is brought to Egypt.
Yahweh has a quarrel[f] with Judah
    and will punish Jacob according to his ways
        and repay him according to his deeds.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 11:12 Hosea 11:12–12:14 in the English Bible is 12:1–15 in the Hebrew Bible
  2. Hosea 11:12 Hebrew “lie”
  3. Hosea 12:1 Or “Ephraim befriends the wind”
  4. Hosea 12:1 Hebrew “they”
  5. Hosea 12:1 Literally “cuts a covenant with Assyria”
  6. Hosea 12:2 This word in Hebrew conveys a legal setting