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12 Ephraim feeds on wind,

    and chases the east wind.
    He continually multiplies lies and desolation.
    They make a covenant with Assyria,
    and oil is carried into Egypt.
Yahweh also has a controversy with Judah,
    and will punish Jacob according to his ways;
    according to his deeds he will repay him.
In the womb he took his brother by the heel;
    and in his manhood he contended with God.
Indeed, he struggled with the angel, and prevailed;
    he wept, and made supplication to him.
    He found him at Bethel, and there he spoke with us,
    even Yahweh, the God of Armies;
    Yahweh is his name of renown!
Therefore turn to your God.
    Keep kindness and justice,
    and wait continually for your God.

A merchant has dishonest scales in his hand.
    He loves to defraud.
Ephraim said, “Surely I have become rich,
    I have found myself wealth.
    In all my wealth they won’t find in me any iniquity that is sin.”

“But I am Yahweh your God from the land of Egypt.
    I will yet again make you dwell in tents,
    as in the days of the solemn feast.
10 I have also spoken to the prophets,
    and I have multiplied visions;
    and by the ministry of the prophets I have used parables.
11 If Gilead is wicked,
    surely they are worthless.
In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls.
    Indeed, their altars are like heaps in the furrows of the field.
12 Jacob fled into the country of Aram,
    and Israel served to get a wife,
    and for a wife he tended flocks and herds.
13 By a prophet Yahweh brought Israel up out of Egypt,
    and by a prophet he was preserved.
14 Ephraim has bitterly provoked anger.
    Therefore his blood will be left on him,
    and his Lord[a] will repay his contempt.

Footnotes

  1. 12:14 The word translated “Lord” is “Adonai.”

12 Ephraim herds the wind
    and pursues the east wind all day long;
they multiply falsehood and violence;
    they make a treaty with Assyria,
    and oil is carried to Egypt.(A)

The Long History of Rebellion

The Lord has an indictment against Judah
    and will punish Jacob according to his ways
    and repay him according to his deeds.(B)
In the womb he tried to supplant his brother,
    and in his manhood he strove with God.(C)
He strove with the angel and prevailed;
    he wept and sought his favor;
he met him at Bethel,
    and there he spoke with him.[a](D)
The Lord the God of hosts,
    the Lord is his name!
But as for you, return to your God;
    hold fast to love and justice,
    and wait continually for your God.(E)

A trader in whose hands are false balances,
    he loves to oppress.(F)
Ephraim has said, “Ah, I am rich;
    I have gained wealth for myself;
in all of my gain
    no offense has been found in me
    that would be sin.”[b](G)
I am the Lord your God
    from the land of Egypt;
I will make you live in tents again,
    as in the days of the appointed festival.(H)

10 I spoke to the prophets;
    it was I who multiplied visions,
    and through the prophets I will bring destruction.(I)
11 In[c] Gilead there is iniquity;
    they shall surely come to nothing.
In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls,
    so their altars shall be like stone heaps
    on the furrows of the field.(J)
12 Jacob fled to the land of Aram;
    there Israel served for a wife,
    and for a wife he guarded sheep.[d](K)
13 By a prophet the Lord brought Israel up from Egypt,
    and by a prophet he was guarded.(L)
14 Ephraim has given bitter offense,
    so his Lord will bring his crimes down on him
    and pay him back for his insults.(M)

Footnotes

  1. 12.4 Gk Syr: Heb us
  2. 12.8 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  3. 12.11 Syr: Heb If
  4. 12.12 Heb lacks sheep