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12 Ephraim herds the wind
    and pursues the east wind all day long;
they multiply falsehood and violence;
    they make a treaty with Assyria,
    and oil is carried to Egypt.(A)

The Long History of Rebellion

The Lord has an indictment against Judah
    and will punish Jacob according to his ways
    and repay him according to his deeds.(B)
In the womb he tried to supplant his brother,
    and in his manhood he strove with God.(C)
He strove with the angel and prevailed;
    he wept and sought his favor;
he met him at Bethel,
    and there he spoke with him.[a](D)
The Lord the God of hosts,
    the Lord is his name!
But as for you, return to your God;
    hold fast to love and justice,
    and wait continually for your God.(E)

A trader in whose hands are false balances,
    he loves to oppress.(F)
Ephraim has said, “Ah, I am rich;
    I have gained wealth for myself;
in all of my gain
    no offense has been found in me
    that would be sin.”[b](G)
I am the Lord your God
    from the land of Egypt;
I will make you live in tents again,
    as in the days of the appointed festival.(H)

10 I spoke to the prophets;
    it was I who multiplied visions,
    and through the prophets I will bring destruction.(I)
11 In[c] Gilead there is iniquity;
    they shall surely come to nothing.
In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls,
    so their altars shall be like stone heaps
    on the furrows of the field.(J)
12 Jacob fled to the land of Aram;
    there Israel served for a wife,
    and for a wife he guarded sheep.[d](K)
13 By a prophet the Lord brought Israel up from Egypt,
    and by a prophet he was guarded.(L)
14 Ephraim has given bitter offense,
    so his Lord will bring his crimes down on him
    and pay him back for his insults.(M)

Footnotes

  1. 12.4 Gk Syr: Heb us
  2. 12.8 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  3. 12.11 Syr: Heb If
  4. 12.12 Heb lacks sheep

God’s charge against Judah

12 [a] Ephraim herds the wind,
        and pursues the east wind all day long;
    they multiply lies and violence;
        they make a treaty with Assyria,
        and oil is carried to Egypt.
The Lord has a charge against Judah,
        and will punish Jacob according to his ways,
        and respond to him according to his deeds.
From the womb he tried to be the oldest of twin brothers;
        as an adult he struggled with God.
He struggled with the messenger and survived;
        he wept and sought his favor;
    he met him at Bethel,
        and there he spoke with him.
The Lord God of heavenly forces,
        the Lord is his name!
But you! Return to your God
        with faithful love and justice,
        and wait continually for your God.

He is a merchant; the means to cheat are in his hands;
        he loves to take advantage of others.
Ephraim has said,
        “I’m rich,
        I’ve gained wealth for myself;
        in all of my gain
        no offense has been found in me
            that would be sin.”
I am the Lord your God
        from the land of Egypt;
    I will make you live in tents again,
        as in former days.
10 I spoke to the prophets;
        and I multiplied visions,
        and through them I uttered parables.
11 In Gilead there is wickedness;
        they will surely come to nothing.
    In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls,
        so their altars will be like piles of stones
        on the rows of the field.
12 Jacob fled to the land of Aram;
        there Israel served for a wife,
        and for a wife he kept watch over livestock.
13 By a prophet the Lord brought Israel up from Egypt,
        and by a prophet he was guarded.
14 Ephraim has given bitter offense;
        so the Lord will bring his crimes down on him
        and pay him back for his wrongdoing.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 12:1 12:2 in Heb