God’s Case against Jacob’s Heirs

12 Ephraim chases[a] the wind(A)
and pursues the east wind.(B)
He continually multiplies lies and violence.
He makes a covenant with Assyria,(C)
and olive oil is carried to Egypt.(D)

The Lord also has a dispute with Judah.
He is about to punish Jacob according to his conduct;(E)
he will repay him based on his actions.
In the womb he grasped his brother’s heel,(F)
and as an adult he wrestled with God.(G)
Jacob struggled with the angel and prevailed;
he wept and sought his favor.(H)
He found him at Bethel,(I)
and there he spoke with him.[b](J)
The Lord is the God of Armies;
the Lord is his name.(K)
But you must return to your God.(L)
Maintain love and justice,(M)
and always put your hope in God.(N)

A merchant loves to extort(O)
with dishonest scales in his hands.(P)
But Ephraim thinks,
“How rich I have become;(Q)
I made it all myself.
In all my earnings,
no one can find any iniquity in me(R)
that I can be punished for!” [c]

Judgment on Apostate Israel

I have been the Lord your God
ever since[d] the land of Egypt.(S)
I will make you live in tents again,(T)
as in the festival days.
10 I will speak through the prophets(U)
and grant many visions;
I will give parables through the prophets.(V)
11 Since Gilead is full of evil,(W)
they will certainly come to nothing.
They sacrifice bulls in Gilgal;(X)
even their altars will be like piles of rocks(Y)
on the furrows of a field.

Further Indictment of Jacob’s Heirs

12 Jacob fled to the territory of Aram.(Z)
Israel worked to earn a wife;(AA)
he tended flocks for a wife.(AB)
13 The Lord brought Israel from Egypt by a prophet,(AC)
and Israel was tended by a prophet.

14 Ephraim has provoked bitter anger,(AD)
so his Lord will leave his bloodguilt on him(AE)
and repay him for his contempt.(AF)

Footnotes

  1. 12:1 Or grazes on, or tends
  2. 12:4 LXX, Syr; MT reads us
  3. 12:8 Lit iniquity which is sin
  4. 12:9 LXX reads God who brought you out of

God’s charge against Judah

12 [a] Ephraim herds the wind,
        and pursues the east wind all day long;
    they multiply lies and violence;
        they make a treaty with Assyria,
        and oil is carried to Egypt.
The Lord has a charge against Judah,
        and will punish Jacob according to his ways,
        and respond to him according to his deeds.
From the womb he tried to be the oldest of twin brothers;
        as an adult he struggled with God.
He struggled with the messenger and survived;
        he wept and sought his favor;
    he met him at Bethel,
        and there he spoke with him.
The Lord God of heavenly forces,
        the Lord is his name!
But you! Return to your God
        with faithful love and justice,
        and wait continually for your God.

He is a merchant; the means to cheat are in his hands;
        he loves to take advantage of others.
Ephraim has said,
        “I’m rich,
        I’ve gained wealth for myself;
        in all of my gain
        no offense has been found in me
            that would be sin.”
I am the Lord your God
        from the land of Egypt;
    I will make you live in tents again,
        as in former days.
10 I spoke to the prophets;
        and I multiplied visions,
        and through them I uttered parables.
11 In Gilead there is wickedness;
        they will surely come to nothing.
    In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls,
        so their altars will be like piles of stones
        on the rows of the field.
12 Jacob fled to the land of Aram;
        there Israel served for a wife,
        and for a wife he kept watch over livestock.
13 By a prophet the Lord brought Israel up from Egypt,
        and by a prophet he was guarded.
14 Ephraim has given bitter offense;
        so the Lord will bring his crimes down on him
        and pay him back for his wrongdoing.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 12:1 12:2 in Heb