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12 [a] E′phraim has encompassed me with lies,
    and the house of Israel with deceit;
but Judah is still known by[b] God,
    and is faithful to the Holy One.

12 E′phraim herds the wind,
and pursues the east wind all day long;
they multiply falsehood and violence;
    they make a bargain with Assyria,
    and oil is carried to Egypt.

The Long History of Rebellion

The Lord has an indictment against Judah,
    and will punish Jacob according to his ways,
    and requite him according to his deeds.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 11:12 Ch 12.1 in Heb
  2. Hosea 11:12 Cn Compare Gk: Heb roams with

Israel’s Sin

12 Ephraim has surrounded me with lies,(A)
    Israel with deceit.
And Judah is unruly against God,
    even against the faithful(B) Holy One.[a](C)

12 [b]Ephraim(D) feeds on the wind;(E)
    he pursues the east wind all day
    and multiplies lies and violence.(F)
He makes a treaty with Assyria(G)
    and sends olive oil to Egypt.(H)
The Lord has a charge(I) to bring against Judah;(J)
    he will punish(K) Jacob[c] according to his ways
    and repay him according to his deeds.(L)

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 11:12 In Hebrew texts this verse (11:12) is numbered 12:1.
  2. Hosea 12:1 In Hebrew texts 12:1-14 is numbered 12:2-15.
  3. Hosea 12:2 Jacob means he grasps the heel, a Hebrew idiom for he takes advantage of or he deceives.