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11 Ephraim was a trained heifer
    that loved to thresh,
    and I spared her fair neck,
but I will make Ephraim break the ground;
    Judah must plow;
    Jacob must harrow for himself.(A)

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16 Like a stubborn heifer,
    Israel is stubborn;
can the Lord now feed them
    like a lamb in a broad pasture?(A)

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11 Though you rejoice, though you exult,
    O plunderers of my heritage,
though you frisk about like a heifer on the grass
    and neigh like stallions,(A)

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“You shall not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.(A)

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18 For such people do not serve our Lord Christ but their own appetites,[a] and by smooth talk and flattery they deceive the hearts of the simple-minded.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 16.18 Gk their own belly

I led them with cords of human kindness,
    with bands of love.
I was to them like those
    who lift infants to their cheeks.[a]
    I bent down to them and fed them.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 11.4 Or who ease the yoke on their jaws

Punishment for Israel’s Sin

Do not rejoice, O Israel!
    Do not exult[a] as other nations do,
for you have prostituted yourself, departing from your God.
    You have loved a prostitute’s pay
    on all threshing floors.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 9.1 Gk: Heb To exultation

Further Assurances of God’s Redeeming Love

The Lord said to me again, “Go, love a woman who has a lover and is an adulteress, just as the Lord loves the people of Israel, though they turn to other gods and love raisin cakes.”(A)

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For their mother has prostituted herself;
    she who conceived them has acted shamefully.
For she said, “I will go after my lovers;
    they give me my bread and my water,
    my wool and my flax, my oil and my drink.”(A)

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24 Do those who plow for sowing plow continually?
    Do they continually open and harrow their ground?

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Aram and Israel Defeat Judah

Therefore the Lord his God gave him into the hand of the king of Aram, who defeated him and took captive a great number of his people and brought them to Damascus. He was also given into the hand of the king of Israel, who defeated him with great slaughter.(A) Pekah son of Remaliah killed one hundred twenty thousand in Judah in one day, all of them valiant warriors, because they had abandoned the Lord, the God of their ancestors.(B) And Zichri, a mighty warrior of Ephraim, killed the king’s son Maaseiah, Azrikam the commander of the palace, and Elkanah the next in authority to the king.

Intervention of Oded

The people of Israel took captive two hundred thousand of their kin: women, sons, and daughters; they also took much spoil from them and brought the spoil to Samaria.(C)

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