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Israel’s Sin and Captivity

10 Israel is a luxuriant vine
    that yields its fruit.
The more his fruit increased,
    the more altars he built;
as his country improved,
    he improved his pillars.(A)

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11 When Ephraim multiplied altars to expiate sin,
    they became to him altars for sinning.

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11 In[a] Gilead there is iniquity;
    they shall surely come to nothing.
In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls,
    so their altars shall be like stone heaps
    on the furrows of the field.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 12.11 Syr: Heb If

The Song of the Unfruitful Vineyard

I will sing for my beloved
    my love song concerning his vineyard:
My beloved had a vineyard
    on a very fertile hill.(A)
He dug it and cleared it of stones
    and planted it with choice vines;
he built a watchtower in the midst of it
    and hewed out a wine vat in it;
he expected it to yield grapes,
    but it yielded rotten grapes.(B)

And now, inhabitants of Jerusalem
    and people of Judah,
judge between me
    and my vineyard.(C)
What more was there to do for my vineyard
    that I have not done in it?
When I expected it to yield grapes,
    why did it yield rotten grapes?(D)

And now I will tell you
    what I will do to my vineyard.
I will remove its hedge,
    and it shall be devoured;
I will break down its wall,
    and it shall be trampled down.(E)
I will make it a wasteland;
    it shall not be pruned or hoed,
    and it shall be overgrown with briers and thorns;
I will also command the clouds
    that they rain no rain upon it.(F)

For the vineyard of the Lord of hosts
    is the house of Israel,
and the people of Judah
    are his cherished garden;
he expected justice
    but saw bloodshed;
righteousness
    but heard a cry!(G)

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21 All of them are seeking their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ.(A)

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For we do not live to ourselves, and we do not die to ourselves.(A) If we live, we live to the Lord, and if we die, we die to the Lord; so then, whether we live or whether we die, we are the Lord’s.

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28 But where are your gods
    that you made for yourself?
Let them come, if they can save you,
    in your time of trouble,
for you have as many gods
    as you have towns, O Judah.(A)

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Rewards for Obedience

26 “You shall make for yourselves no idols and erect no carved images or pillars, and you shall not place figured stones in your land, to worship at them, for I am the Lord your God.(A)

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Jesus the True Vine

15 “I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinegrower. He removes every branch in me that bears no fruit. Every branch that bears fruit he prunes[a] to make it bear more fruit. You have already been cleansed[b] by the word that I have spoken to you.(A) Abide in me as I abide in you. Just as the branch cannot bear fruit by itself unless it abides in the vine, neither can you unless you abide in me.(B) I am the vine; you are the branches. Those who abide in me and I in them bear much fruit, because apart from me you can do nothing. Whoever does not abide in me is thrown away like a branch and withers; such branches are gathered, thrown into the fire, and burned.

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Footnotes

  1. 15.2 The same Greek root refers to pruning and cleansing
  2. 15.3 The same Greek root refers to pruning and cleansing

The Useless Vine

15 The word of the Lord came to me:

O mortal, how does the wood of the vine surpass all other wood,
    the vine branch that is among the trees of the forest?(A)
Is wood taken from it to make anything?
    Does one take a peg from it on which to hang any object?
It is put in the fire for fuel;
    when the fire has consumed both ends of it
    and the middle of it is charred,
    is it useful for anything?(B)
When it was whole it was used for nothing;
    how much less—when the fire has consumed it,
    and it is charred—
    can it ever be used for anything!

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23 For they also built for themselves high places, pillars, and sacred poles[a] on every high hill and under every green tree;(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 14.23 Or Asherahs

16 From now on, therefore, we regard no one from a human point of view;[a] even though we once knew Christ from a human point of view,[b] we no longer know him in that way.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 5.16 Gk according to the flesh
  2. 5.16 Gk according to the flesh

“Say to all the people of the land and the priests: When you fasted and lamented in the fifth month and in the seventh for these seventy years, was it for me that you fasted?(A) And when you eat and when you drink, do you not eat and drink only for yourselves?

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(For the Lord is restoring the majesty of Jacob,
    as well as the majesty of Israel,
though ravagers have ravaged them
    and ruined their branches.)(A)

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When I fed[a] them, they were satisfied;
    they were satisfied, and their heart was proud;
    therefore they forgot me.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 13.6 Cn: Heb according to their pasture

And now they keep on sinning
    and make a cast image for themselves,
idols of silver made according to their understanding,
    all of them the work of artisans.
“Sacrifice to these,” they say.[a]
    People are kissing calves!(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 13.2 Cn Compare Gk: Heb To these they say sacrifices of people

Ephraim has said, “Ah, I am rich;
    I have gained wealth for myself;
in all of my gain
    no offense has been found in me
    that would be sin.”[a](A)

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Footnotes

  1. 12.8 Meaning of Heb uncertain

They made kings but not through me;
    they set up princes but without my knowledge.
With their silver and gold they made idols
    for their own destruction.(A)

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She did not know
    that it was I who gave her
    the grain, the wine, and the oil
and who lavished upon her silver
    and gold that they used for Baal.(A)

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