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2. LA SUPERIORITA' DEL CULTO, DEL SANTUARIO E DELLA MEDIAZIONE DEL CRISTO SACERDOTE

Il nuovo sacerdozio e il nuovo santuario

Il punto capitale delle cose che stiamo dicendo è questo: noi abbiamo un sommo sacerdote così grande che si è assiso alla destra del trono della maestà nei cieli, ministro del santuario e della vera tenda che il Signore, e non un uomo, ha costruito.

Ogni sommo sacerdote infatti viene costituito per offrire doni e sacrifici: di qui la necessità che anch'egli abbia qualcosa da offrire. Se Gesù fosse sulla terra, egli non sarebbe neppure sacerdote, poiché vi sono quelli che offrono i doni secondo la legge. Questi però attendono a un servizio che è una copia e un'ombra delle realtà celesti, secondo quanto fu detto da Dio a Mosè, quando stava per costruire la Tenda: Guarda, disse, di fare ogni cosa secondo il modello che ti è stato mostrato sul monte.

Il Cristo mediatore di un'alleanza migliore

Ora invece egli ha ottenuto un ministero tanto più eccellente quanto migliore è l'alleanza di cui è mediatore, essendo questa fondata su migliori promesse. Se la prima infatti fosse stata perfetta, non sarebbe stato il caso di stabilirne un'altra. Dio infatti, biasimando il suo popolo, dice:

Ecco vengono giorni, dice il Signore,
quando io stipulerò con la casa d'Israele
e con la casa di Giuda
un'alleanza nuova;
non come l'alleanza che feci con i loro padri,
nel giorno in cui li presi per mano
per farli uscire dalla terra d'Egitto;
poiché essi non son rimasti fedeli alla mia alleanza,
anch'io non ebbi più cura di loro, dice il Signore.
10 E questa è l'alleanza che io stipulerò con la casa
d'Israele
dopo quei giorni, dice il Signore:
porrò le mie leggi nella loro mente
e le imprimerò nei loro cuori;
sarò il loro Dio
ed essi saranno il mio popolo.
11 Né alcuno avrà più da istruire il suo concittadino,
né alcuno il proprio fratello, dicendo:
Conosci il Signore!
Tutti infatti mi conosceranno,
dal più piccolo al più grande di loro.
12 Perché io perdonerò le loro iniquità
e non mi ricorderò più dei loro peccati.

13 Dicendo però alleanza nuova, Dio ha dichiarato antiquata la prima; ora, ciò che diventa antico e invecchia, è prossimo a sparire.

Yeshua, Mediator of a Better Covenant

Now here is the main point being said. We do have such a Kohen Gadol, who has taken His seat at the right hand[a] of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens. He is a priestly attendant of the Holies and the true Tent—which Adonai set up, not man. For every kohen gadol is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices, so it is necessary for this One also to have something to offer. [b] Now if He were on earth, He would not be a kohen at all, since there are those who offer the gifts according to the Torah. They offer service in a replica[c] and foreshadower of the heavenlies—one that is just as Moses was instructed by God when he was about to complete the tabernacle. For He says, “See that you make everything according to the design that was shown to you on the mountain.” [d] But now Yeshua has obtained a more excellent ministry, insofar as He is the mediator of a better covenant which has been enacted on better promises.

For if that first one had been faultless, there would not have been discourse seeking a second. For finding fault with them, He says,

“Behold, days are coming,
    says Adonai,
    when I will inaugurate a new covenant
    with the house of Israel
    and with the house of Judah.
It will not be like the covenant
    I made with their fathers
on the day when I took them by the hand
    to lead them out of the land of Egypt.
For they did not remain in My covenant,
    and I did not care for them, says Adonai.
10 For this is the covenant that I will make
    with the house of Israel
    after those days, says Adonai.
I will put My Torah into their mind,
    and upon their hearts I will write it.
And I will be their God,
    and they shall be My people.[e]
11 And no more will they teach,
    each one his fellow citizen
    and each one his brother, saying,
    ‘Know Adonai,’
    because all will know Me,
    from the least of them to the greatest.
12 For I will be merciful toward their iniquities,
    and their sins I will remember no more.”[f]

13 In saying “new,” He has treated the first as old; but what is being made old and aging is close to vanishing.

Now in the things which we are saying, the main point is this: we have such a high priest, who sat down on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens, a servant of the sanctuary and of the true tabernacle which the Lord pitched, not man. For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices. Therefore it is necessary that this high priest also have something to offer. For if he were on earth, he would not be a priest at all, seeing there are priests who offer the gifts according to the law, who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, even as Moses was warned by God when he was about to make the tabernacle, for he said, “See, you shall make everything according to the pattern that was shown to you on the mountain.”(A) But now he has obtained a more excellent ministry, by as much as he is also the mediator of a better covenant, which on better promises has been given as law.

For if that first covenant had been faultless, then no place would have been sought for a second. For finding fault with them, he said,

“Behold,[a] the days are coming”, says the Lord,
    “that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah;
not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers
    in the day that I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt;
for they didn’t continue in my covenant,
    and I disregarded them,” says the Lord.
10 “For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel
    after those days,” says the Lord:
“I will put my laws into their mind;
    I will also write them on their heart.
I will be their God,
    and they will be my people.
11 They will not teach every man his fellow citizen[b]
    and every man his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’
    for all will know me,
    from their least to their greatest.
12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness.
    I will remember their sins and lawless deeds no more.”(B)

13 In that he says, “A new covenant”, he has made the first obsolete. But that which is becoming obsolete and grows aged is near to vanishing away.

Footnotes

  1. 8:8 “Behold”, from “ἰδοὺ”, means look at, take notice, observe, see, or gaze at. It is often used as an interjection.
  2. 8:11 TR reads “neighbor” instead of “fellow citizen”

Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens;

A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man.

For every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer.

For if he were on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to the law:

Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount.

But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.

For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second.

For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah:

Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord.

10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people:

11 And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest.

12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more.

13 In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.