麥基洗德的地位

原來這麥基洗德——

撒冷之王,至高神的祭司,
亞伯拉罕殺敗眾王回來的時候,去迎接他、祝福他,
亞伯拉罕就從所得來的一切中,把十分之一獻給[a]他。
麥基洗德」翻譯出來,首先是「公義之王」,
然後又是「撒冷之王」——這意思是「和平之王」。
他沒有父親,沒有母親,沒有族譜,
沒有年歲的開始,也沒有生命的終結,
與神的兒子相似,持久做祭司,直到永遠。

你們當想一想,這個人多麼偉大!連先祖亞伯拉罕也從最好的戰利品中把十分之一獻給他。 雖然利未子孫中那些領受祭司職務的,從亞伯拉罕的後裔[b]中出來,他們還是奉命按照律法向子民,就是自己的同胞[c],收取十分之一。 可是,不出於利未世系的那一位,卻從亞伯拉罕收取了十分之一,並且祝福了那擁有各樣應許的亞伯拉罕 原來,位分小的從位分大的接受祝福,是毫無爭議的事。 在這裡,收取十分之一的人們固然都會死去;但在那裡,他卻被見證說是永生的。 甚至從某種意義上可以說:連那收取十分之一的利未,也藉著亞伯拉罕交納了十分之一, 10 因為麥基洗德迎接亞伯拉罕的時候,利未還在他先祖的身體[d]裡面。

完美的祭司

11 既然如此,如果藉著利未人的祭司職份能達到完全——子民本來在這職份下領受了律法——那麼,為什麼還需要照著麥基洗德的等級[e],而不照著所謂「亞倫的等級」興起另一位祭司呢? 12 祭司職份被更換,律法也必須有所更換。 13 其實這些話所論到的那一位是屬於別的支派,這支派中從來沒有人在祭壇供過職; 14 就是說,我們的主明顯是從猶大支派[f]興起的,而對於這個支派,摩西從來沒有提到有關祭司[g]的事。

15 如果照著麥基洗德的相同樣式另有一位祭司興起來,那麼,這件事就更加明顯了。 16 他成為祭司,不是照著有關肉體條例的法則,而是照著那不能毀滅的生命大能, 17 因為他被見證說:

「你是照著麥基洗德的等級[h]做祭司,直到永遠。」[i]

18 原來,一方面,先前的條例因著本身的軟弱和無用,就被廢棄了, 19 因為律法沒有使任何事物完全;另一方面,一個更美好的盼望卻被帶來了;藉著這個盼望,我們可以親近神。

20 再者,所發生的事並不是沒有神的[j]誓言保證。就是說,其他人成為祭司是沒有誓言保證的, 21 可是耶穌[k]藉著對他說話的那一位是有誓言保證的:

「主起了誓,不會後悔:
『你是[l]祭司,直到永遠。』」[m]

22 既然如此,耶穌也就成了更美好之約的保證人。

23 那些以前成為祭司的固然人數眾多,因為死亡阻止了他們繼續留任, 24 但由於耶穌永遠長存,就擁有永恆不變的祭司職份; 25 故此,他也能徹底[n]拯救那些藉著他來到神面前的人;因為他一直活著,為他們代求。

26 這樣一位聖潔、沒有邪惡、毫無玷汙、與罪人分開、高過諸天的大祭司,對我們實在是合宜的。 27 他不需要像其他大祭司那樣天天獻祭:先為自己的罪孽,然後為子民;因為當他把自己獻上的時候,就一次性地把這事完成了。 28 律法委任的大祭司都有軟弱,但在律法以後,誓言保證的話語所委任的兒子,卻永遠完全。

Footnotes

  1. 希伯來書 7:2 獻——原文直譯「分」。
  2. 希伯來書 7:5 後裔——原文直譯「腰」。
  3. 希伯來書 7:5 同胞——原文直譯「兄弟」。
  4. 希伯來書 7:10 身體——原文直譯「腰」。
  5. 希伯來書 7:11 等級——或譯作「體系」。
  6. 希伯來書 7:14 支派——輔助詞語。
  7. 希伯來書 7:14 祭司——有古抄本作「祭司職份」。
  8. 希伯來書 7:17 等級——或譯作「體系」。
  9. 希伯來書 7:17 《詩篇》110:4。
  10. 希伯來書 7:20 神的——輔助詞語。
  11. 希伯來書 7:21 耶穌——原文直譯「他」。
  12. 希伯來書 7:21 有古抄本附「照著麥基洗德的等級做」。
  13. 希伯來書 7:21 《詩篇》110:4。
  14. 希伯來書 7:25 徹底——或譯作「永遠」。

Melchizedek the Priest

This Melchizedek was king of Salem(A) and priest of God Most High.(B) He met Abraham returning from the defeat of the kings and blessed him,(C) and Abraham gave him a tenth of everything. First, the name Melchizedek means “king of righteousness”; then also, “king of Salem” means “king of peace.” Without father or mother, without genealogy,(D) without beginning of days or end of life, resembling the Son of God,(E) he remains a priest forever.

Just think how great he was: Even the patriarch(F) Abraham gave him a tenth of the plunder!(G) Now the law requires the descendants of Levi who become priests to collect a tenth from the people(H)—that is, from their fellow Israelites—even though they also are descended from Abraham. This man, however, did not trace his descent from Levi, yet he collected a tenth from Abraham and blessed(I) him who had the promises.(J) And without doubt the lesser is blessed by the greater. In the one case, the tenth is collected by people who die; but in the other case, by him who is declared to be living.(K) One might even say that Levi, who collects the tenth, paid the tenth through Abraham, 10 because when Melchizedek met Abraham, Levi was still in the body of his ancestor.

Jesus Like Melchizedek

11 If perfection could have been attained through the Levitical priesthood—and indeed the law given to the people(L) established that priesthood—why was there still need for another priest to come,(M) one in the order of Melchizedek,(N) not in the order of Aaron? 12 For when the priesthood is changed, the law must be changed also. 13 He of whom these things are said belonged to a different tribe,(O) and no one from that tribe has ever served at the altar.(P) 14 For it is clear that our Lord descended from Judah,(Q) and in regard to that tribe Moses said nothing about priests. 15 And what we have said is even more clear if another priest like Melchizedek appears, 16 one who has become a priest not on the basis of a regulation as to his ancestry but on the basis of the power of an indestructible life. 17 For it is declared:

“You are a priest forever,
    in the order of Melchizedek.”[a](R)

18 The former regulation is set aside because it was weak and useless(S) 19 (for the law made nothing perfect),(T) and a better hope(U) is introduced, by which we draw near to God.(V)

20 And it was not without an oath! Others became priests without any oath, 21 but he became a priest with an oath when God said to him:

“The Lord has sworn
    and will not change his mind:(W)
    ‘You are a priest forever.’”[b](X)

22 Because of this oath, Jesus has become the guarantor of a better covenant.(Y)

23 Now there have been many of those priests, since death prevented them from continuing in office; 24 but because Jesus lives forever, he has a permanent priesthood.(Z) 25 Therefore he is able to save(AA) completely[c] those who come to God(AB) through him, because he always lives to intercede for them.(AC)

26 Such a high priest(AD) truly meets our need—one who is holy, blameless, pure, set apart from sinners,(AE) exalted above the heavens.(AF) 27 Unlike the other high priests, he does not need to offer sacrifices(AG) day after day, first for his own sins,(AH) and then for the sins of the people. He sacrificed for their sins once for all(AI) when he offered himself.(AJ) 28 For the law appoints as high priests men in all their weakness;(AK) but the oath, which came after the law, appointed the Son,(AL) who has been made perfect(AM) forever.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 7:17 Psalm 110:4
  2. Hebrews 7:21 Psalm 110:4
  3. Hebrews 7:25 Or forever

For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him;

To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace;

Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually.

Now consider how great this man was, unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoils.

And verily they that are of the sons of Levi, who receive the office of the priesthood, have a commandment to take tithes of the people according to the law, that is, of their brethren, though they come out of the loins of Abraham:

But he whose descent is not counted from them received tithes of Abraham, and blessed him that had the promises.

And without all contradiction the less is blessed of the better.

And here men that die receive tithes; but there he receiveth them, of whom it is witnessed that he liveth.

And as I may so say, Levi also, who receiveth tithes, payed tithes in Abraham.

10 For he was yet in the loins of his father, when Melchisedec met him.

11 If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,) what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron?

12 For the priesthood being changed, there is made of necessity a change also of the law.

13 For he of whom these things are spoken pertaineth to another tribe, of which no man gave attendance at the altar.

14 For it is evident that our Lord sprang out of Juda; of which tribe Moses spake nothing concerning priesthood.

15 And it is yet far more evident: for that after the similitude of Melchisedec there ariseth another priest,

16 Who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an endless life.

17 For he testifieth, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.

18 For there is verily a disannulling of the commandment going before for the weakness and unprofitableness thereof.

19 For the law made nothing perfect, but the bringing in of a better hope did; by the which we draw nigh unto God.

20 And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest:

21 (For those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:)

22 By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament.

23 And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death:

24 But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood.

25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

26 For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;

27 Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people's: for this he did once, when he offered up himself.

28 For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore.

The King of Righteousness(A)

For this (B)Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, to whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all, first being translated “king of righteousness,” and then also king of Salem, meaning “king of peace,” without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like the Son of God, remains a priest continually.

Now consider how great this man was, to whom even the patriarch Abraham gave a tenth of the [a]spoils. And indeed (C)those who are of the sons of Levi, who receive the priesthood, have a commandment to receive tithes from the people according to the law, that is, from their brethren, though they have come from the loins of Abraham; but he whose genealogy is not derived from them received tithes from Abraham (D)and blessed (E)him who had the promises. Now beyond all contradiction the lesser is blessed by the better. Here mortal men receive tithes, but there he receives them, (F)of whom it is witnessed that he lives. Even Levi, who receives tithes, paid tithes through Abraham, so to speak, 10 for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him.

Need for a New Priesthood(G)

11 (H)Therefore, if perfection were through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people received the law), what further need was there that another priest should rise according to the order of Melchizedek, and not be called according to the order of Aaron? 12 For the priesthood being changed, of necessity there is also a change of the law. 13 For He of whom these things are spoken belongs to another tribe, from which no man has [b]officiated at the altar.

14 For it is evident that (I)our Lord arose from (J)Judah, of which tribe Moses spoke nothing concerning [c]priesthood. 15 And it is yet far more evident if, in the likeness of Melchizedek, there arises another priest 16 who has come, not according to the law of a fleshly commandment, but according to the power of an endless life. 17 For [d]He testifies:

(K)“You are a priest forever
According to the order of Melchizedek.”

18 For on the one hand there is an annulling of the former commandment because of (L)its weakness and unprofitableness, 19 for (M)the law made nothing [e]perfect; on the other hand, there is the bringing in of (N)a better hope, through which (O)we draw near to God.

Greatness of the New Priest

20 And inasmuch as He was not made priest without an oath 21 (for they have become priests without an oath, but He with an oath by Him who said to Him:

(P)“The Lord has sworn
And will not relent,
‘You are a priest [f]forever
According to the order of Melchizedek’ ”),

22 by so much more Jesus has become a [g]surety of a (Q)better covenant.

23 Also there were many priests, because they were prevented by death from continuing. 24 But He, because He continues forever, has an unchangeable priesthood. 25 Therefore He is also (R)able to save [h]to the uttermost those who come to God through Him, since He always lives (S)to make intercession for them.

26 For such a High Priest was fitting for us, (T)who is holy, [i]harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, (U)and has become higher than the heavens; 27 who does not need daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His (V)own sins and then for the people’s, for this He did once for all when He offered up Himself. 28 For the law appoints as high priests men who have weakness, but the word of the oath, which came after the law, appoints the Son who has been perfected forever.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 7:4 plunder
  2. Hebrews 7:13 served
  3. Hebrews 7:14 NU priests
  4. Hebrews 7:17 NU it is testified
  5. Hebrews 7:19 complete
  6. Hebrews 7:21 NU ends the quotation after forever.
  7. Hebrews 7:22 guarantee
  8. Hebrews 7:25 completely or forever
  9. Hebrews 7:26 innocent

The Priestly Order of Melchizedek

For this (A)Melchizedek, king of (B)Salem, priest of (C)the Most High God, met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, and to him Abraham apportioned a tenth part of everything. He is first, by translation of his name, king of righteousness, and then he is also king of Salem, that is, king of peace. He is without father or mother (D)or genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but resembling the Son of God he continues a priest forever.

See how great this man was to whom Abraham (E)the patriarch gave a tenth of the spoils! And (F)those descendants of Levi who receive the priestly office have a commandment in the law to take tithes from the people, that is, from their brothers,[a] though these also are descended from Abraham. But this man (G)who does not have his descent from them received tithes from Abraham and blessed (H)him who had the promises. It is beyond dispute that the inferior is blessed by the superior. In the one case tithes are received by mortal men, but in the other case, by one (I)of whom it is testified that (J)he lives. One might even say that Levi himself, who receives tithes, paid tithes through Abraham, 10 for he was still in the loins of his ancestor when Melchizedek met him.

Jesus Compared to Melchizedek

11 (K)Now if perfection had been attainable through the Levitical priesthood (for under it the people received the law), what further need would there have been for another priest to arise after the order of Melchizedek, rather than one named after the order of Aaron? 12 For when there is a change in the priesthood, there is necessarily a change in the law as well. 13 For the one of whom these things are spoken belonged to another tribe, from which no one has ever served at the altar. 14 For it is evident that our Lord was descended (L)from Judah, and in connection with that tribe Moses said nothing about priests.

15 This becomes even more evident when another priest arises in the likeness of Melchizedek, 16 who has become a priest, not on the basis of a legal requirement concerning bodily descent, but by the power of an indestructible life. 17 For it is witnessed of him,

(M)“You are a priest forever,
    after the order of Melchizedek.”

18 For on the one hand, a former commandment is set aside (N)because of its weakness and uselessness 19 (for (O)the law made nothing perfect); but on the other hand, (P)a better hope is introduced, through which (Q)we draw near to God.

20 And it was not without an oath. For those who formerly became priests were made such without an oath, 21 but this one was made a priest with an oath by the one who said to him:

(R)“The Lord has sworn
    and will not change his mind,
‘You are a priest forever.’”

22 This makes Jesus the guarantor of (S)a better covenant.

23 The former priests were many in number, because they were prevented by death from continuing in office, 24 but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues (T)forever. 25 Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost[b] (U)those who draw near to God (V)through him, since he always lives (W)to make intercession for them.

26 For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, (X)holy, innocent, unstained, (Y)separated from sinners, and (Z)exalted above the heavens. 27 He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, (AA)first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this (AB)once for all when he offered up himself. 28 For the law appoints men (AC)in their weakness as high priests, but the word of the oath, which came later than the law, appoints a Son who has been made (AD)perfect forever.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 7:5 Or brothers and sisters
  2. Hebrews 7:25 That is, completely; or at all times