Le ministère sacerdotal de Christ

Christ, grand-prêtre et auteur du salut des siens

Tout grand-prêtre est pris parmi les hommes et il est établi en faveur des hommes pour leurs relations avec Dieu. Il est chargé de présenter à Dieu des offrandes et des sacrifices pour les péchés. Il peut avoir de la compréhension pour ceux qui sont dans l’ignorance et qui s’égarent, parce qu’il est lui aussi exposé à la faiblesse. A cause de cette faiblesse, il doit offrir des sacrifices, non seulement pour les péchés du peuple, mais aussi, de la même manière, pour les siens propres.

De plus, on ne s’attribue pas, de sa propre initiative, l’honneur d’être grand-prêtre : on le reçoit en y étant appelé par Dieu, comme ce fut le cas pour Aaron. Il en est de même pour Christ. Ce n’est pas lui qui s’est attribué, de son propre chef, l’honneur de devenir grand-prêtre, mais c’est Dieu qui lui a déclaré :

Tu es mon Fils ; aujourd’hui,
je fais de toi mon enfant[a] .

Et, dans un autre passage :

Tu seras prêtre pour toujours
selon la ligne de Melchisédek[b] .

Ainsi, au cours de sa vie sur terre, Jésus, avec de grands cris et des larmes, a présenté des prières et des supplications à celui qui pouvait le sauver de la mort, et il a été exaucé, à cause de sa soumission à Dieu[c]. Bien qu’étant Fils de Dieu, il a appris l’obéissance par tout ce qu’il a souffert. Et c’est parce qu’il a été ainsi amené à la perfection qu’il est devenu, pour tous ceux qui lui obéissent, l’auteur d’un salut éternel : 10 Dieu, en effet, l’a déclaré grand-prêtre selon la ligne de Melchisédek.

Recevoir une nourriture pour adultes

11 C’est un sujet sur lequel nous avons bien des choses à dire, et qui sont difficiles à expliquer ; car vous êtes devenus lents à comprendre.

12 En effet, après tout ce temps, vous devriez être des maîtres dans les choses de Dieu ; or vous avez de nouveau besoin qu’on vous enseigne les rudiments des paroles de Dieu. Vous en êtes venus au point d’avoir besoin, non de nourriture solide, mais de lait. 13 Celui qui continue à se nourrir de lait n’a aucune expérience de la parole qui enseigne ce qu’est la vie juste : car c’est encore un bébé. 14 Les adultes, quant à eux, prennent de la nourriture solide : par la pratique[d], ils ont exercé leurs facultés à distinguer ce qui est bien de ce qui est mal.

Footnotes

  1. 5.5 Ps 2.7.
  2. 5.6 Ps 110.4.
  3. 5.7 Ce passage se rapporte à l’agonie de Jésus à Gethsémané (Mt 26.36-46).
  4. 5.14 par la pratique. Autre traduction : en raison de leurs dispositions.

For every high priest taken from among men is ordained for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins:

Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way; for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity.

And by reason hereof he ought, as for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins.

And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron.

So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee.

As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.

Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared;

Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered;

And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him;

10 Called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec.

11 Of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing.

12 For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat.

13 For every one that useth milk is unskilful in the word of righteousness: for he is a babe.

14 But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

Every high priest is selected from among the people and is appointed to represent the people in matters related to God,(A) to offer gifts and sacrifices(B) for sins.(C) He is able to deal gently with those who are ignorant and are going astray,(D) since he himself is subject to weakness.(E) This is why he has to offer sacrifices for his own sins, as well as for the sins of the people.(F) And no one takes this honor on himself, but he receives it when called by God, just as Aaron was.(G)

In the same way, Christ did not take on himself the glory(H) of becoming a high priest.(I) But God said(J) to him,

“You are my Son;
    today I have become your Father.”[a](K)

And he says in another place,

“You are a priest forever,
    in the order of Melchizedek.(L)[b](M)

During the days of Jesus’ life on earth, he offered up prayers and petitions(N) with fervent cries and tears(O) to the one who could save him from death, and he was heard(P) because of his reverent submission.(Q) Son(R) though he was, he learned obedience from what he suffered(S) and, once made perfect,(T) he became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him 10 and was designated by God to be high priest(U) in the order of Melchizedek.(V)

Warning Against Falling Away(W)

11 We have much to say about this, but it is hard to make it clear to you because you no longer try to understand. 12 In fact, though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you the elementary truths(X) of God’s word all over again. You need milk, not solid food!(Y) 13 Anyone who lives on milk, being still an infant,(Z) is not acquainted with the teaching about righteousness. 14 But solid food is for the mature,(AA) who by constant use have trained themselves to distinguish good from evil.(AB)

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 5:5 Psalm 2:7
  2. Hebrews 5:6 Psalm 110:4