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11 Trusting[a] is being confident of what we hope for, convinced about things we do not see. It was for this that Scripture attested the merit of the people of old.

By trusting, we understand that the universe was created through a spoken word of God, so that what is seen did not come into being out of existing phenomena.

By trusting, Hevel offered a greater sacrifice than Kayin; because of this, he was attested as righteous, with God giving him this testimony on the ground of his gifts. Through having trusted, he still continues to speak, even though he is dead.

By trusting, Hanokh was taken away from this life without seeing death — “He was not to be found, because God took him away” — for he has been attested as having been, prior to being taken away, well pleasing to God.[b] And without trusting, it is impossible to be well pleasing to God, because whoever approaches him must trust that he does exist and that he becomes a Rewarder to those who seek him out.

By trusting, Noach, after receiving divine warning about things as yet unseen, was filled with holy fear and built an ark to save his household. Through this trusting, he put the world under condemnation and received the righteousness that comes from trusting.

By trusting, Avraham obeyed, after being called to go out[c] to a place which God would give him as a possession; indeed, he went out without knowing where he was going. By trusting, he lived as a temporary resident in the Land of the promise, as if it were not his, staying in tents with Yitz’chak and Ya‘akov, who were to receive what was promised along with him. 10 For he was looking forward to the city with permanent foundations, of which the architect and builder is God.

11 By trusting, he received potency to father a child, even when he was past the age for it, as was Sarah herself; because he regarded the One who had made the promise as trustworthy. 12 Therefore this one man, who was virtually dead, fathered descendants

as numerous as the stars in the sky,
and as countless as the grains of the sand on the seashore.[d]

13 All these people kept on trusting until they died, without receiving what had been promised. They had only seen it and welcomed it from a distance, while acknowledging that they were aliens and temporary residents on the earth.[e] 14 For people who speak this way make it clear that they are looking for a fatherland. 15 Now if they were to keep recalling the one they left, they would have an opportunity to return; 16 but as it is, they aspire to a better fatherland, a heavenly one. This is why God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city.

17 By trusting, Avraham, when he was put to the test, offered up Yitz’chak as a sacrifice. Yes, he offered up his only son, he who had received the promises, 18 to whom it had been said, “What is called your ‘seed’ will be in Yitz’chak.[f] 19 For he had concluded that God could even raise people from the dead! And, figuratively speaking, he did so receive him.

20 By trusting, Yitz’chak in his blessings over Ya‘akov and Esav made reference to events yet to come.

21 By trusting, Ya‘akov, when he was dying, blessed each of Yosef’s sons, leaning on his walking-stick as he bowed in prayer.[g]

22 By trusting, Yosef, near the end of his life, remembered about the Exodus of the people of Isra’el and gave instructions about what to do with his bones.

23 By trusting, the parents of Moshe hid him for three months after he was born, because they saw that he was a beautiful child,[h] and they weren’t afraid of the king’s decree.

24 By trusting, Moshe, after he had grown up,[i] refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter. 25 He chose being mistreated along with God’s people rather than enjoying the passing pleasures of sin. 26 He had come to regard abuse suffered on behalf of the Messiah as greater riches than the treasures of Egypt, for he kept his eyes fixed on the reward.

27 By trusting, he left Egypt, not fearing the king’s anger; he persevered as one who sees the unseen.

28 By trusting, he obeyed the requirements for the Pesach, including the smearing of the blood, so that the Destroyer of the firstborn would not touch the firstborn of Isra’el.

29 By trusting, they walked through the Red Sea as through dry land; when the Egyptians tried to do it, the sea swallowed them up.

30 By trusting, the walls of Yericho fell down — after the people had marched around them for seven days.

31 By trusting, Rachav the prostitute welcomed the spies and therefore did not die along with those who were disobedient.

32 What more should I say? There isn’t time to tell about Gid‘on, Barak, Shimshon, Yiftach, David, Sh’mu’el and the prophets; 33 who, through trusting, conquered kingdoms, worked righteousness, received what was promised, shut the mouths of lions,[j] 34 quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, had their weakness turned to strength, grew mighty in battle and routed foreign armies. 35 Women received back their dead resurrected; other people were stretched on the rack and beaten to death, refusing to be ransomed, so that they would gain a better resurrection. 36 Others underwent the trials of being mocked and whipped, then chained and imprisoned. 37 They were stoned, sawed in two, murdered by the sword; they went about clothed in sheepskins and goatskins, destitute, persecuted, mistreated, 38 wandering about in deserts and mountains, living in caves and holes in the ground! The world was not worthy of them!

39 All of these had their merit attested because of their trusting. Nevertheless, they did not receive what had been promised, 40 because God had planned something better that would involve us, so that only with us would they be brought to the goal.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 11:1 Habakkuk 2:4
  2. Hebrews 11:5 Genesis 5:24
  3. Hebrews 11:8 Genesis 12:1
  4. Hebrews 11:12 Genesis 15:5–6; 22:17; 32:13(12); Exodus 32:13; Deuteronomy 1:10; 10:22
  5. Hebrews 11:13 1 Chronicles 29:15
  6. Hebrews 11:18 Genesis 21:12
  7. Hebrews 11:21 Genesis 47:31 (Septuagint)
  8. Hebrews 11:23 Exodus 2:2
  9. Hebrews 11:24 Exodus 2:11
  10. Hebrews 11:33 Daniel 6:23(22)

Het geloof door de eeuwen heen

11 Wat is geloof? Het is de zekerheid dat onze hoop werkelijkheid wordt en het is overtuigd zijn van het bestaan van dingen die je niet ziet. Vroeger hebben vele mensen vanuit dit geloof geleefd. Zij zijn ook door hun geloof bekend geworden. Door het geloof weten wij dat het heelal door een woord van God gemaakt is, dat het zichtbare uit het onzichtbare is voortgekomen.

Omdat Abel op God vertrouwde, had zijn offer meer waarde dan dat van Kaïn. Door zijn offer aan te nemen, zei God dat Abel voor Hem rechtvaardig was. En hoewel hij allang dood is, spreekt Abel nog steeds door zijn voorbeeld.

Henoch vertrouwde op God en daarom stierf hij niet, maar werd door God weggenomen. Ineens was hij er niet meer. Voordat dit gebeurde, had God gezegd dat Hij heel tevreden over Henoch was. Maar als iemand niet gelooft, kan God niet tevreden over hem zijn. Wie tot God komt, moet geloven dat Hij bestaat en beloont wie Hem zoeken.

Noach vertrouwde op God. Toen God hem voor de toekomst waarschuwde, geloofde Noach Hem, hoewel niets erop wees dat er een grote overstroming zou komen. Hij deed wat God hem opdroeg en bouwde een ark om zijn gezin te redden. Zijn vertrouwen maakte het ongeloof van de wereld zichtbaar en door dat vertrouwen werd Hij een van hen die voor God rechtvaardig zijn.

Abraham vertrouwde op God. Toen God hem zei dat hij zijn vaderland moest verlaten en naar een land moest gaan dat God hem zou geven, gehoorzaamde hij. Maar hij wist niet eens waar hij naar toeging. En zelfs toen hij in het land kwam dat God hem beloofd had, woonde hij in tenten als een vreemdeling, evenals Isaak en Jakob, aan wie God dezelfde belofte deed. 10 Abraham vertrouwde erop dat God hem zou brengen in de stad met de vaste fundering waarvan God Zelf de architect en bouwer is.

11 Sara vertrouwde op God en kreeg daarom een zoon, toen zij daar eigenlijk al te oud voor was. God had het haar beloofd en zij erkende dat Hij te vertrouwen is. 12 Zo werd uit Abraham, die ook al te oud was om nog een kind te kunnen verwekken, een heel volk geboren, een volk van zoveel mensen dat het niet te tellen is. Net zoals de sterren aan de hemel en de zandkorrels van het strand niet te tellen zijn.

13 Al deze mensen zijn in het vertrouwen op God gestorven, zonder te krijgen wat hun beloofd was. Zij hebben het alleen uit de verte gezien en waren blij. Zij kwamen er openlijk voor uit dat zij hier op aarde alleen maar gasten en vreemdelingen waren. 14 En wie dat zeggen, maken daarmee duidelijk dat zij uitkijken naar een vaderland. 15 Als zij hadden gewild, zouden zij naar hun vroegere land hebben kunnen terugkeren. 16 Maar nee, zij verlangden naar een beter, hemels vaderland. Daarom schaamt God Zich er ook niet voor hun God genoemd te worden, want Hij heeft een hemelse stad voor hen gebouwd.

17 Omdat Abraham op God vertrouwde, heeft hij, toen God hem op de proef stelde, zijn zoon Isaak op het altaar gelegd om hem te offeren. Hij was bereid zijn enige zoon aan God te offeren, 18 hoewel God hem had beloofd: ‘Door Isaak zult u veel nakomelingen krijgen.’ Hij rekende erop dat God Isaak ook weer levend zou kunnen maken. 19 En dat is in zekere zin ook gebeurd. Voor Abraham was Isaak eigenlijk al dood, maar hij kreeg hem van God terug.

20 Omdat Isaak op God vertrouwde, kon hij zijn twee zonen, Jakob en Esau, zegen voor de toekomst beloven.

21 Omdat Jakob op God vertrouwde, zegende hij kort voor zijn dood de twee zonen van Jozef. Leunend op zijn stok, boog hij vol ontzag voor God.

22 Omdat Jozef op God vertrouwde, heeft hij aan het einde van zijn leven gezegd dat de Israëlieten eens uit Egypte zouden wegtrekken. Hij was daar zo zeker van, dat hij hen plechtig liet beloven zijn beenderen uit Egypte te zullen meenemen.

23 Omdat de ouders van Mozes op God vertrouwden, hebben zij hun kind dat heel bijzonder was, drie maanden lang verborgen gehouden. Zij trokken zich niets aan van het bevel van de farao dat alle pasgeboren jongetjes verdronken moesten worden.

24 Omdat Mozes op God vertrouwde, wilde hij, toen hij volwassen was geworden, niet voor een zoon van de dochter van de farao worden aangezien. 25 Hij wilde liever met het volk van God slecht behandeld worden dan tijdelijk genieten van de zonde. 26 Hij vond het lijden voor Christus meer waard dan al de rijkdom van Egypte, want hij verwachtte dat God hem daarvoor zou belonen. 27 In dat vertrouwen verliet hij Egypte en was niet bang voor de woede van de farao. Hij liet zich niet van de wijs brengen, het was alsof hij steeds de onzichtbare God zag. 28 Omdat hij op God vertrouwde, zei Mozes tegen de Israëlieten dat zij een lam moesten slachten en het bloed ervan op de deurposten van hun huizen moesten strijken. Dan zou de doodsengel hun oudste kinderen niet doden, maar alleen die van de Egyptenaren.

29 Omdat de Israëlieten op God vertrouwden, zijn zij door de Rode Zee getrokken als over droog land. Maar de Egyptenaren die hen achterna gingen, verdronken allemaal. 30 Omdat de Israëlieten op God vertrouwden, liepen zij zeven dagen om Jericho heen en toen stortten de muren van de stad in.

31 Omdat de hoer Rachab op God vertrouwde, werd zij niet gedood, zoals de andere ongehoorzame inwoners van Jericho, want zij had de spionnen van Israël gastvrij ontvangen.

32 Moet ik hiermee doorgaan? Ik zou tijd tekort komen als ik de ervaringen van Gideon, Barak, Simson, Jefta, David, Samuël en de profeten moest vertellen. 33 Omdat zij op God vertrouwden, hebben zij koninkrijken onderworpen en rechtvaardig geregeerd en kregen zij wat God hun had beloofd. Zij hebben de muil van leeuwen toegesloten. 34 Het vuur had geen vat op hen en zij zijn aan het zwaard ontsnapt. Toen zij zwak waren, hebben zij kracht gekregen. In de oorlog werden zij zo sterk dat hele vijandelijke legers de aftocht moesten blazen. 35 Vrouwen kregen hun geliefden uit de dood terug. Anderen die op God vertrouwden, werden doodgeslagen, zij wilden liever sterven dan God de rug toekeren, omdat zij wisten later een beter leven te krijgen. 36 Weer anderen werden bespot en afgeranseld en ten slotte geboeid in de gevangenis geworpen. 37 Zij werden gestenigd, doormidden gezaagd of met het zwaard gedood. Zij zwierven rond in schapevachten en geitevellen, door woestijnen en in de bergen. 38 Zij moesten in grotten en holen wonen, zij leden gebrek en werden vervolgd en mishandeld. Zij waren te goed voor deze wereld.

39 Al deze mensen zijn bekend geworden omdat zij op God vertrouwden. Zij hebben echter niet gekregen wat God hun had beloofd. 40 God had een beter plan, Hij wilde niet dat zij zonder ons de volmaaktheid zouden bereiken.

Faith in Action

11 Now faith is confidence in what we hope for(A) and assurance about what we do not see.(B) This is what the ancients were commended for.(C)

By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God’s command,(D) so that what is seen was not made out of what was visible.

By faith Abel brought God a better offering than Cain did. By faith he was commended(E) as righteous, when God spoke well of his offerings.(F) And by faith Abel still speaks, even though he is dead.(G)

By faith Enoch was taken from this life, so that he did not experience death: “He could not be found, because God had taken him away.”[a](H) For before he was taken, he was commended as one who pleased God. And without faith it is impossible to please God, because anyone who comes to him(I) must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who earnestly seek him.

By faith Noah, when warned about things not yet seen,(J) in holy fear built an ark(K) to save his family.(L) By his faith he condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness that is in keeping with faith.(M)

By faith Abraham, when called to go to a place he would later receive as his inheritance,(N) obeyed and went,(O) even though he did not know where he was going. By faith he made his home in the promised land(P) like a stranger in a foreign country; he lived in tents,(Q) as did Isaac and Jacob, who were heirs with him of the same promise.(R) 10 For he was looking forward to the city(S) with foundations,(T) whose architect and builder is God.(U) 11 And by faith even Sarah, who was past childbearing age,(V) was enabled to bear children(W) because she[b] considered him faithful(X) who had made the promise. 12 And so from this one man, and he as good as dead,(Y) came descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and as countless as the sand on the seashore.(Z)

13 All these people were still living by faith when they died. They did not receive the things promised;(AA) they only saw them and welcomed them from a distance,(AB) admitting that they were foreigners and strangers on earth.(AC) 14 People who say such things show that they are looking for a country of their own. 15 If they had been thinking of the country they had left, they would have had opportunity to return.(AD) 16 Instead, they were longing for a better country—a heavenly one.(AE) Therefore God is not ashamed(AF) to be called their God,(AG) for he has prepared a city(AH) for them.

17 By faith Abraham, when God tested him, offered Isaac as a sacrifice.(AI) He who had embraced the promises was about to sacrifice his one and only son, 18 even though God had said to him, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.”[c](AJ) 19 Abraham reasoned that God could even raise the dead,(AK) and so in a manner of speaking he did receive Isaac back from death.

20 By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau in regard to their future.(AL)

21 By faith Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of Joseph’s sons,(AM) and worshiped as he leaned on the top of his staff.

22 By faith Joseph, when his end was near, spoke about the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt and gave instructions concerning the burial of his bones.(AN)

23 By faith Moses’ parents hid him for three months after he was born,(AO) because they saw he was no ordinary child, and they were not afraid of the king’s edict.(AP)

24 By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be known as the son of Pharaoh’s daughter.(AQ) 25 He chose to be mistreated(AR) along with the people of God rather than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin. 26 He regarded disgrace(AS) for the sake of Christ(AT) as of greater value than the treasures of Egypt, because he was looking ahead to his reward.(AU) 27 By faith he left Egypt,(AV) not fearing the king’s anger; he persevered because he saw him who is invisible. 28 By faith he kept the Passover and the application of blood, so that the destroyer(AW) of the firstborn would not touch the firstborn of Israel.(AX)

29 By faith the people passed through the Red Sea as on dry land; but when the Egyptians tried to do so, they were drowned.(AY)

30 By faith the walls of Jericho fell, after the army had marched around them for seven days.(AZ)

31 By faith the prostitute Rahab, because she welcomed the spies, was not killed with those who were disobedient.[d](BA)

32 And what more shall I say? I do not have time to tell about Gideon,(BB) Barak,(BC) Samson(BD) and Jephthah,(BE) about David(BF) and Samuel(BG) and the prophets, 33 who through faith conquered kingdoms,(BH) administered justice, and gained what was promised; who shut the mouths of lions,(BI) 34 quenched the fury of the flames,(BJ) and escaped the edge of the sword;(BK) whose weakness was turned to strength;(BL) and who became powerful in battle and routed foreign armies.(BM) 35 Women received back their dead, raised to life again.(BN) There were others who were tortured, refusing to be released so that they might gain an even better resurrection. 36 Some faced jeers and flogging,(BO) and even chains and imprisonment.(BP) 37 They were put to death by stoning;[e](BQ) they were sawed in two; they were killed by the sword.(BR) They went about in sheepskins and goatskins,(BS) destitute, persecuted and mistreated— 38 the world was not worthy of them. They wandered in deserts and mountains, living in caves(BT) and in holes in the ground.

39 These were all commended(BU) for their faith, yet none of them received what had been promised,(BV) 40 since God had planned something better for us so that only together with us(BW) would they be made perfect.(BX)

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 11:5 Gen. 5:24
  2. Hebrews 11:11 Or By faith Abraham, even though he was too old to have children—and Sarah herself was not able to conceive—was enabled to become a father because he
  3. Hebrews 11:18 Gen. 21:12
  4. Hebrews 11:31 Or unbelieving
  5. Hebrews 11:37 Some early manuscripts stoning; they were put to the test;