The Nature of the Son

Long ago God spoke(A) to our ancestors by the prophets(B) at different times and in different ways.(C) In these last days,(D) he has spoken to us by his Son. God has appointed him heir of all things(E) and made the universe[a](F) through him. The Son is the radiance[b] of God’s glory and the exact expression[c] of his nature,(G) sustaining all things by his powerful word.(H) After making purification for sins,[d] he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high.[e](I) So he became superior to the angels, just as the name he inherited is more excellent than theirs.(J)

The Son Superior to Angels

For to which of the angels did he ever say,

You are my Son;
today I have become your Father,[f][g]

or again,

I will be his Father,
and he will be my Son?[h](K)

Again, when he[i] brings his firstborn into the world,(L) he says,

And let all God’s angels worship him.[j](M)

And about the angels he says:

He makes his angels winds,[k]
and his servants[l] a fiery flame,[m](N)

but to[n] the Son:

Your throne, God,
is forever and ever,
and the scepter of your kingdom
is a scepter of justice.(O)
You have loved righteousness
and hated lawlessness;
this is why God, your God,
has anointed you
with the oil of joy(P)
beyond your companions.[o][p]

10 And:

In the beginning, Lord,
you established the earth,
and the heavens are the works of your hands;(Q)
11 they will perish, but you remain.
They will all wear out like clothing;(R)
12 you will roll them up like a cloak,[q]
and they will be changed like clothing.
But you are the same,
and your years will never end.[r](S)

13 Now to which of the angels has he ever said:

Sit at my right hand
until I make your enemies your footstool?[s](T)

14 Are they not all ministering spirits sent out to serve those who are going to inherit salvation?(U)

Footnotes

  1. 1:2 Lit ages
  2. 1:3 Or reflection
  3. 1:3 Or representation, or copy, or reproduction
  4. 1:3 Other mss read for our sins by himself
  5. 1:3 Or he sat down on high at the right hand of the Majesty
  6. 1:5 Or have begotten you
  7. 1:5 Ps 2:7
  8. 1:5 2Sm 7:14; 1Ch 17:13
  9. 1:6 Or When he again
  10. 1:6 Dt 32:43 LXX; Ps 97:7
  11. 1:7 Or spirits
  12. 1:7 Or ministers
  13. 1:7 Ps 104:4
  14. 1:8 Or about
  15. 1:9 Or associates
  16. 1:8–9 Ps 45:6–7
  17. 1:12 Other mss omit like a cloak
  18. 1:10–12 Ps 102:25–27
  19. 1:13 Ps 110:1

Superiority of the Son

At many times and in many ways, God spoke long ago to the fathers through the prophets. In these last days He has spoken to us through a Son,[a] whom He appointed heir of all things and through whom He created the universe. This Son is the radiance of His glory and the imprint of His being, upholding all things by His powerful word.[b] When He had made purification for our sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high. [c] Thus He became as far above the angels as the name He has inherited is more excellent than theirs.

For to which of the angels did God ever say,

“You are My Son.
    Today I have become Your Father”?[d]

And again,

“I will be to Him a Father,
    and He will be to Me a Son”?[e]

And again, when He brings the firstborn into the world, He says,

“Let all the angels of God worship Him.”[f]

And regarding the angels He says,

“He makes His angels winds,
    and His servants a flame of fire.”[g]

But regarding the Son He says,

“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever,
    and a scepter of uprightness is the scepter of Your Kingdom.
You have loved righteousness and hated lawlessness;
    therefore God, Your God, has anointed You with the oil of gladness above Your companions.”[h]

10 And,

“In the beginning, Adonai,
You laid the foundation of the earth,
    and the heavens are the works of Your hands.
11 They shall pass away, but You remain.
    And they will all wear out like clothing.[i]
12 And like a robe You will roll them up,
    and like clothing they will be changed;
but You are the same,
    and Your years shall never end.”[j]

13 But to which of the angels has He ever said,

“Sit at My right hand,
    until I make Your enemies a footstool[k]
    for Your feet”?[l]

14 Are they not all ministering spirits, sent out for service to those about to inherit salvation?