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The Nature of the Son

Long ago God spoke(A) to our ancestors by the prophets(B) at different times and in different ways.(C) In these last days,(D) he has spoken to us by his Son. God has appointed him heir of all things(E) and made the universe[a](F) through him. The Son is the radiance[b] of God’s glory and the exact expression[c] of his nature,(G) sustaining all things by his powerful word.(H) After making purification for sins,[d] he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high.[e](I) So he became superior to the angels, just as the name he inherited is more excellent than theirs.(J)

The Son Superior to Angels

For to which of the angels did he ever say,

You are my Son;
today I have become your Father,[f][g]

or again,

I will be his Father,
and he will be my Son?[h](K)

Again, when he[i] brings his firstborn into the world,(L) he says,

And let all God’s angels worship him.[j](M)

And about the angels he says:

He makes his angels winds,[k]
and his servants[l] a fiery flame,[m](N)

but to[n] the Son:

Your throne, God,
is for ever and ever,
and the sceptre of your kingdom
is a sceptre of justice.(O)
You have loved righteousness
and hated lawlessness;
this is why God, your God,
has anointed you
with the oil of joy(P)
beyond your companions.[o][p]

10 And:

In the beginning, Lord,
you established the earth,
and the heavens are the works of your hands;(Q)
11 they will perish, but you remain.
They will all wear out like clothing;(R)
12 you will roll them up like a cloak,[q]
and they will be changed like clothing.
But you are the same,
and your years will never end.[r](S)

13 Now to which of the angels has he ever said:

Sit at my right hand
until I make your enemies your footstool?[s](T)

14 Are they not all ministering spirits sent out to serve those who are going to inherit salvation?(U)

Footnotes

  1. 1:2 Lit ages
  2. 1:3 Or reflection
  3. 1:3 Or representation, or copy, or reproduction
  4. 1:3 Other mss read for our sins by himself
  5. 1:3 Or he sat down on high at the right hand of the Majesty
  6. 1:5 Or have begotten you
  7. 1:5 Ps 2:7
  8. 1:5 2Sm 7:14; 1Ch 17:13
  9. 1:6 Or When he again
  10. 1:6 Dt 32:43 LXX; Ps 97:7
  11. 1:7 Or spirits
  12. 1:7 Or ministers
  13. 1:7 Ps 104:4
  14. 1:8 Or about
  15. 1:9 Or associates
  16. 1:8–9 Ps 45:6–7
  17. 1:12 Other mss omit like a cloak
  18. 1:10–12 Ps 102:25–27
  19. 1:13 Ps 110:1

Long ago, at various times and in diverse ways, God spoke to our fathers by the Prophets. In these last days, He has spoken to us by His Son,

Whom He has made heir of all things. Through Whom He also made the world.

He, being the brightness of the Glory and the engraved form of His person and bearing up all things by His mighty Word, has purged our sins through Himself. And He sits at the right hand of the Majesty in the Highest Places.

And He is made so much more excellent than the angels, inasmuch as He has obtained a more excellent Name than they.

For to which of the angels has He said at any time, “You are My Son. This day I begat You.”? And again, “I will be His Father, and He shall be My Son.”?

And again, when He brings in His first begotten Son into the world, He says, “And let all the angels of God worship Him.”

And of the angels, He says, “He makes the spirits His messengers, and His ministers a flame of fire.”

But to the Son, He says, “O God, Your throne is forever and ever. The scepter of Your Kingdom is a scepter of righteousness.

“You have loved righteousness and hated iniquity. Therefore God - even Your God - has anointed You with the oil of gladness above Your associates.”10 And, “You, Lord, established the Earth in the beginning. And the heavens are the works of Your hands.

11 “They shall perish, but You remain. And they all shall grow old, as does a garment.

12 “And as a cloak, You shall fold them up. And they shall be changed. But You are the same. And Your years shall not fail.”

13 Also, to which of the angels has He said at any time, “Sit at My right hand, till I make Your enemies Your footstool.”?

14 Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for the sakes of those who shall be heirs of salvation?