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Jacob Blesses His Sons(A)

49 Then Jacob called for his sons and said: “Gather around so I can tell you what will happen to you in days to come.(B)

“Assemble(C) and listen, sons of Jacob;
    listen to your father Israel.(D)

“Reuben, you are my firstborn,(E)
    my might, the first sign of my strength,(F)
    excelling in honor,(G) excelling in power.
Turbulent as the waters,(H) you will no longer excel,
    for you went up onto your father’s bed,
    onto my couch and defiled it.(I)

“Simeon(J) and Levi(K) are brothers—
    their swords[a] are weapons of violence.(L)
Let me not enter their council,
    let me not join their assembly,(M)
for they have killed men in their anger(N)
    and hamstrung(O) oxen as they pleased.
Cursed be their anger, so fierce,
    and their fury,(P) so cruel!(Q)
I will scatter them in Jacob
    and disperse them in Israel.(R)

“Judah,[b](S) your brothers will praise you;
    your hand will be on the neck(T) of your enemies;
    your father’s sons will bow down to you.(U)
You are a lion’s(V) cub,(W) Judah;(X)
    you return from the prey,(Y) my son.
Like a lion he crouches and lies down,
    like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?
10 The scepter will not depart from Judah,(Z)
    nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,[c]
until he to whom it belongs[d] shall come(AA)
    and the obedience of the nations shall be his.(AB)
11 He will tether his donkey(AC) to a vine,
    his colt to the choicest branch;(AD)
he will wash his garments in wine,
    his robes in the blood of grapes.(AE)
12 His eyes will be darker than wine,
    his teeth whiter than milk.[e](AF)

13 “Zebulun(AG) will live by the seashore
    and become a haven for ships;
    his border will extend toward Sidon.(AH)

14 “Issachar(AI) is a rawboned[f] donkey
    lying down among the sheep pens.[g](AJ)
15 When he sees how good is his resting place
    and how pleasant is his land,(AK)
he will bend his shoulder to the burden(AL)
    and submit to forced labor.(AM)

16 “Dan[h](AN) will provide justice for his people
    as one of the tribes of Israel.(AO)
17 Dan(AP) will be a snake by the roadside,
    a viper along the path,(AQ)
that bites the horse’s heels(AR)
    so that its rider tumbles backward.

18 “I look for your deliverance,(AS) Lord.(AT)

19 “Gad[i](AU) will be attacked by a band of raiders,
    but he will attack them at their heels.(AV)

20 “Asher’s(AW) food will be rich;(AX)
    he will provide delicacies fit for a king.(AY)

21 “Naphtali(AZ) is a doe set free
    that bears beautiful fawns.[j](BA)

22 “Joseph(BB) is a fruitful vine,(BC)
    a fruitful vine near a spring,
    whose branches(BD) climb over a wall.[k]
23 With bitterness archers attacked him;(BE)
    they shot at him with hostility.(BF)
24 But his bow remained steady,(BG)
    his strong arms(BH) stayed[l] limber,
because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob,(BI)
    because of the Shepherd,(BJ) the Rock of Israel,(BK)
25 because of your father’s God,(BL) who helps(BM) you,
    because of the Almighty,[m](BN) who blesses you
with blessings of the skies above,
    blessings of the deep springs below,(BO)
    blessings of the breast(BP) and womb.(BQ)
26 Your father’s blessings are greater
    than the blessings of the ancient mountains,
    than[n] the bounty of the age-old hills.(BR)
Let all these rest on the head of Joseph,(BS)
    on the brow of the prince among[o] his brothers.(BT)

27 “Benjamin(BU) is a ravenous wolf;(BV)
    in the morning he devours the prey,(BW)
    in the evening he divides the plunder.”(BX)

28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel,(BY) and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them, giving each the blessing(BZ) appropriate to him.

The Death of Jacob

29 Then he gave them these instructions:(CA) “I am about to be gathered to my people.(CB) Bury me with my fathers(CC) in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite,(CD) 30 the cave in the field of Machpelah,(CE) near Mamre(CF) in Canaan, which Abraham bought along with the field(CG) as a burial place(CH) from Ephron the Hittite. 31 There Abraham(CI) and his wife Sarah(CJ) were buried, there Isaac and his wife Rebekah(CK) were buried, and there I buried Leah.(CL) 32 The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites.[p](CM)

33 When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed, breathed his last and was gathered to his people.(CN)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 49:5 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  2. Genesis 49:8 Judah sounds like and may be derived from the Hebrew for praise.
  3. Genesis 49:10 Or from his descendants
  4. Genesis 49:10 Or to whom tribute belongs; the meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
  5. Genesis 49:12 Or will be dull from wine, / his teeth white from milk
  6. Genesis 49:14 Or strong
  7. Genesis 49:14 Or the campfires; or the saddlebags
  8. Genesis 49:16 Dan here means he provides justice.
  9. Genesis 49:19 Gad sounds like the Hebrew for attack and also for band of raiders.
  10. Genesis 49:21 Or free; / he utters beautiful words
  11. Genesis 49:22 Or Joseph is a wild colt, / a wild colt near a spring, / a wild donkey on a terraced hill
  12. Genesis 49:24 Or archers will attack … will shoot … will remain … will stay
  13. Genesis 49:25 Hebrew Shaddai
  14. Genesis 49:26 Or of my progenitors, / as great as
  15. Genesis 49:26 Or of the one separated from
  16. Genesis 49:32 Or the descendants of Heth

Jacob’s Last Words to His Sons

49 And Jacob called his sons and said, “Gather together, that I may (A)tell you what shall befall you (B)in the last days:

“Gather together and hear, you sons of Jacob,
And listen to Israel your father.

“Reuben, you are (C)my firstborn,
My might and the beginning of my strength,
The excellency of dignity and the excellency of power.
Unstable as water, you shall not excel,
Because you (D)went up to your father’s bed;
Then you defiled it
He went up to my couch.

“Simeon and Levi are brothers;
Instruments of [a]cruelty are in their dwelling place.
(E)Let not my soul enter their council;
Let not my honor be united (F)to their assembly;
(G)For in their anger they slew a man,
And in their self-will they [b]hamstrung an ox.
Cursed be their anger, for it is fierce;
And their wrath, for it is cruel!
(H)I will divide them in Jacob
And scatter them in Israel.

“Judah,(I) you are he whom your brothers shall praise;
(J)Your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies;
(K)Your father’s children shall bow down before you.
Judah is (L)a lion’s whelp;
From the prey, my son, you have gone up.
(M)He [c]bows down, he lies down as a lion;
And as a lion, who shall rouse him?
10 (N)The [d]scepter shall not depart from Judah,
Nor (O)a lawgiver from between his feet,
(P)Until Shiloh comes;
(Q)And to Him shall be the obedience of the people.
11 Binding his donkey to the vine,
And his donkey’s colt to the choice vine,
He washed his garments in wine,
And his clothes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes are darker than wine,
And his teeth whiter than milk.

13 “Zebulun(R) shall dwell by the haven of the sea;
He shall become a haven for ships,
And his border shall (S)adjoin Sidon.

14 “Issachar(T) is a strong donkey,
Lying down between two burdens;
15 He saw that rest was good,
And that the land was pleasant;
He bowed (U)his shoulder to bear a burden,
And became a band of slaves.

16 “Dan(V) shall judge his people
As one of the tribes of Israel.
17 (W)Dan shall be a serpent by the way,
A viper by the path,
That bites the horse’s heels
So that its rider shall fall backward.
18 (X)I have waited for your salvation, O Lord!

19 “Gad,(Y)[e] a troop shall [f]tramp upon him,
But he shall triumph at last.

20 “Bread from (Z)Asher shall be rich,
And he shall yield royal dainties.

21 “Naphtali(AA) is a deer let loose;
He uses beautiful words.

22 “Joseph is a fruitful bough,
A fruitful bough by a well;
His branches run over the wall.
23 The archers have (AB)bitterly grieved him,
Shot at him and hated him.
24 But his (AC)bow remained in strength,
And the arms of his hands were [g]made strong
By the hands of (AD)the Mighty God of Jacob
(AE)(From there (AF)is the Shepherd, (AG)the Stone of Israel),
25 (AH)By the God of your father who will help you,
(AI)And by the Almighty (AJ)who will bless you
With blessings of heaven above,
Blessings of the deep that lies beneath,
Blessings of the breasts and of the womb.
26 The blessings of your father
Have excelled the blessings of my ancestors,
(AK)Up to the utmost bound of the everlasting hills.
(AL)They shall be on the head of Joseph,
And on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers.

27 “Benjamin is a (AM)ravenous wolf;
In the morning he shall devour the prey,
(AN)And at night he shall divide the spoil.”

28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father spoke to them. And he blessed them; he blessed each one according to his own blessing.

Jacob’s Death and Burial

29 Then he charged them and said to them: “I (AO)am to be gathered to my people; (AP)bury me with my fathers (AQ)in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite, 30 in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre in the land of Canaan, (AR)which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite as a possession for a burial place. 31 (AS)There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife, (AT)there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife, and there I buried Leah. 32 The field and the cave that is there were purchased from the sons of Heth.” 33 And when Jacob had finished commanding his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed and breathed his last, and was gathered to his people.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 49:5 violence
  2. Genesis 49:6 lamed
  3. Genesis 49:9 couches
  4. Genesis 49:10 A symbol of kingship
  5. Genesis 49:19 Lit. Troop
  6. Genesis 49:19 Lit. raid
  7. Genesis 49:24 Or supple

Jakob välsignar sina söner

49 (A) Och Jakob kallade sina söner till sig och sade: ”Kom hit till mig, så ska jag tala om vad som ska hända er i kommande dagar. Samla er och lyssna, ni Jakobs söner, hör på Israel, er far!

(B) Ruben, du är min förstfödde,
    min kraft och min styrkas förstling,
        främst i myndighet
            och främst i makt.
(C) Du sjuder över som vatten,
    du ska inte bli den främste,
        för du besteg din fars bädd,
    då vanhelgade du den.
        Han besteg min säng!

(D) Simeon och Levi är bröder,
    våldet är deras vapen.
(E) Min själ ska inte ta del i deras råd,
        min själ ska inte umgås med dem,
    för de dödade män i sin vrede
        och stympade oxar i sitt övermod.
(F) Förbannad är deras vrede
        som är så våldsam
    och deras grymhet
        som är så stor!
    Jag ska dela upp dem i Jakob
        och skingra dem i Israel.

(G) Juda, dig ska dina bröder prisa.[a]
    Din hand ska gripa
        dina fienders nacke,
    din fars söner
        ska buga sig för dig.
(H) Ett ungt lejon är Juda.
    Du reser dig från rivet byte,
        min son.
    Han böjer sig, han lägger sig
        som ett lejon, som en lejonhona –
            vem vågar väcka honom?
10 (I) Spiran ska inte vika från Juda,
    inte härskarstaven
        från hans fötter,
    förrän han som den tillhör[b] kommer
        och folken lyder honom.
11 Han binder sin ungåsna
        vid vinstocken,
    sitt åsneföl vid den ädla rankan.
        Han tvättar sina kläder i vin,
            sin mantel i druvors blod.
12 Hans ögon är dunkla av vin,
        hans tänder vita av mjölk.

13 (J) Sebulon ska bo vid havets strand
        och bli en hamn för skepp.[c]
    Sin sida ska han vända mot Sidon.

14 Isaskar är en stark åsna
        som ligger i ro i sitt hägn.
15 Han såg att viloplatsen var god
        och landet ljuvligt.
    Då böjde han sin rygg
        under bördor
    och blev en arbetspliktig slav.

16 (K) Dan ska skaffa rätt[d] åt sitt folk
        som en av Israels stammar.
17 Dan ska vara en orm på vägen,
        en huggorm på stigen
    som biter hästen i foten
        så att ryttaren faller baklänges.
18 (L) Herre, jag väntar
    på din frälsning!

19 Gad ska trängas av skaror[e]
    och själv tränga dem in på hälarna.

20 (M) Från Asher kommer utsökta rätter,
    han ska bjuda
        på kungliga läckerheter.

21 (N) Naftali är en frisläppt hind
    som talar vackra ord.[f]

22 Josef är ett ungt fruktträd,
        ett ungt fruktträd vid källan.
    Grenarna når upp över muren.
23 Bågskyttar oroar honom,
    de skjuter mot honom
        och ansätter honom.
24 Men hans båge förblir fast
    och hans händer
        och armar spänstiga
    genom Jakobs Mäktige,
        genom Herden, Israels Klippa,
25 (O) genom din fars Gud
        som ska hjälpa dig,
    genom den Allsmäktige
        som ska välsigna dig
    med välsignelser
        från himlen därovan
    välsignelser från djupet
        som ruvar där nere,
    välsignelser från bröst
        och moderliv.
26 Din fars välsignelser når högt,
    högre än mina fäders välsignelser,
        till de eviga höjdernas härlighet.
    De ska vara över Josefs huvud,
        över hjässan på fursten
            bland sina bröder.

27 (P) Benjamin är en glupsk varg.
    På morgonen äter han sitt rov,
        på kvällen fördelar han bytet.”

28 Alla dessa är Israels tolv stammar, och detta är vad deras far sade till dem. Han välsignade dem och gav åt var och en sin särskilda välsignelse.

Jakob dör

29 Sedan befallde han dem och sade: ”Jag ska nu samlas till mitt folk. Begrav mig hos mina fäder i grottan på hetiten Efrons mark, 30 (Q) i grottan vid fältet i Makpela mitt emot Mamre i Kanaans land, den som Abraham köpte till gravplats av hetiten Efron. 31 (R) Där begravdes Abraham och hans hustru Sara, där begravdes Isak och hans hustru Rebecka, och där har jag själv begravt Lea, 32 i grottan på marken som köptes av hetiterna.”

33 När Jakob hade gett sina söner dessa befallningar drog han upp fötterna i sängen. Och han gav upp andan och samlades till sitt folk.

Footnotes

  1. 49:8 Juda … prisa   På hebreiska Jehudá … jodúcha (jfr 29:35 med not).
  2. 49:10 han som den tillhör   Dvs Messias, den rätte härskaren av Juda stam (Heb 7:14, Upp 5:5). Jfr Hes 21:27. Annan översättning: ”Shilo” (där tabernaklet senare stod, se Jos 18:1, 1 Sam 1-4).
  3. 49:13 hamn för skepp   Israels bästa naturligt skyddade hamn vid Medelhavet finns i nordväst på Sebulons område, vid berget Karmel och nutidens Haifa.
  4. 49:16 Dan … skaffa rätt   Hebr. dan betyder ”skaffa rätt, döma” (jfr 30:6).
  5. 49:19 Gad … skaror   På hebreiska gad … gedud. Gad kan också översättas ”tränga/anfalla”.
  6. 49:21 talar vackra ord   Annan översättning: ”föder vackra kalvar”.