Genesis 41
Contemporary English Version
Joseph Interprets the King's Dreams
41 Two years later the king[a] of Egypt dreamed he was standing beside the Nile River. 2 Suddenly, seven fat, healthy cows came up from the river and started eating grass along the bank. 3 Then seven ugly, skinny cows came up out of the river and 4 ate the fat, healthy cows. When this happened, the king woke up.
5 The king went back to sleep and had another dream. This time seven full heads of grain were growing on a single stalk. 6 Later, seven other heads of grain appeared, but they were thin and scorched by a wind from the desert. 7 The thin heads of grain swallowed the seven full heads. Again the king woke up, and it had only been a dream.
8 (A) The next morning the king was upset. So he called in his magicians and wise men and told them what he had dreamed. None of them could tell him what the dreams meant.
9 The king's personal servant said:
Now I remember what I was supposed to do. 10 When you were angry with me and your chief cook, you threw us both in jail in the house of the captain of the guard. 11 One night we both had dreams, and each dream had a different meaning. 12 A young Hebrew, who was a servant of the captain of the guard, was there with us at the time. When we told him our dreams, he explained what each of them meant, 13 and everything happened just as he said it would. I got my job back, and the cook was put to death.
14 The king sent for Joseph, who was quickly brought out of jail. He shaved, changed his clothes, and went to the king.
15 The king said to him, “I had a dream, yet no one can explain what it means. I am told that you can interpret dreams.”
16 “Your Majesty,” Joseph answered, “I can't do it myself, but God can give a good meaning to your dreams.”
17 The king told Joseph:
I dreamed I was standing on the bank of the Nile River. 18 I saw seven fat, healthy cows come up out of the river, and they began feeding on the grass. 19 Next, seven skinny, bony cows came up out of the river. I have never seen such terrible looking cows anywhere in Egypt. 20 The skinny cows ate the fat ones. 21 But you couldn't tell it, because these skinny cows were just as skinny as they were before. At once, I woke up.
22 I also dreamed that I saw seven heads of grain growing on one stalk. The heads were full and ripe. 23 Then seven other heads of grain came up. They were thin and scorched by a wind from the desert. 24 These heads of grain swallowed the full ones. I told my dreams to the magicians, but none of them could tell me the meaning of the dreams.
25 Joseph replied:
Your Majesty, both of your dreams mean the same thing, and in them God has shown what he is going to do. 26 The seven good cows stand for seven years, and so do the seven good heads of grain. 27 The seven skinny, ugly cows that came up later also stand for seven years, as do the seven bad heads of grain that were scorched by the desert wind. The dreams mean there will be seven years when there won't be enough grain.
28 It is just as I said—God has shown what he intends to do. 29 For seven years Egypt will have more than enough grain, 30 but that will be followed by seven years when there won't be enough. The good years of plenty will be forgotten, and everywhere in Egypt people will be starving. 31 The famine will be so bad that no one will remember that once there had been plenty. 32 God has given you two dreams to let you know that he has definitely decided to do this and that he will do it soon.
33 Your Majesty, you should find someone who is wise and will know what to do, so that you can put him in charge of all Egypt. 34 Then appoint some other officials to collect one fifth of every crop harvested in Egypt during the seven years when there is plenty. 35 Give them the power to collect the grain during those good years and to store it in your cities. 36 It can be stored until it is needed during the seven years when there won't be enough grain in Egypt. This will keep the country from being destroyed because of the lack of food.
Joseph Is Made Governor over Egypt
37 The king[b] and his officials liked this plan. 38 So the king said to them, “Who could possibly handle this better than Joseph? After all, the Spirit of God is with him.”
39 The king told Joseph, “God is the one who has shown you these things. No one else is as wise as you are or knows as much as you do. 40 (B) I'm putting you in charge of my palace, and everybody will have to obey you. No one will be over you except me. 41 You are now governor of all Egypt!”
42 (C) Then the king took off his royal ring and put it on Joseph's finger. He gave him fine clothes to wear and placed a gold chain around his neck. 43 He also let him ride in the chariot next to his own, and people shouted, “Make way for Joseph!” So Joseph was governor of Egypt.
44 The king told Joseph, “Although I'm king, no one in Egypt is to do anything without your permission.” 45 He gave Joseph the Egyptian name Zaphenath Paneah. And he let him marry Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, a priest in the city of Heliopolis.[c] Joseph traveled all over[d] Egypt.
46 Joseph was 30 when the king made him governor, and he went everywhere for the king. 47 For seven years there were big harvests of grain. 48 Joseph collected and stored up the extra grain in the cities of Egypt near the fields where it was harvested. 49 In fact, there was so much grain that they stopped keeping record, because it was like counting the grains of sand along the beach.
50 Joseph and his wife had two sons before the famine began. 51 Their first son was named Manasseh, which means, “God has let me forget all my troubles and my family back home.” 52 His second son was named Ephraim, which means “God has made me a success[e] in the land where I suffered.”[f]
53 Egypt's seven years of plenty came to an end, 54 (D) and the seven years of famine began, just as Joseph had said. There was not enough food in other countries, but all over Egypt there was plenty. 55 (E) When the famine finally struck Egypt, the people asked the king for food, but he said, “Go to Joseph and do what he tells you to do.”
56 The famine became bad everywhere in Egypt, so Joseph opened the storehouses and sold the grain to the Egyptians. 57 People from all over the world came to Egypt to buy grain, because the famine was so severe in their countries.
Footnotes
- 41.1 the king: See the note at 12.15.
- 41.37 The king: See the note at 12.15.
- 41.45 Heliopolis: The Hebrew text has “On,” which is better known by its Greek name “Heliopolis.”
- 41.45 traveled all over: Or “extended his authority over all.”
- 41.52 God has made me a success: Or “God has given me children.”
- 41.52 Ephraim … suffered: In Hebrew “Ephraim” actually means either “fertile land” or “pastureland.”
Genesis 41
Good News Translation
Joseph Interprets the King's Dreams
41 After two years had passed, the king of Egypt dreamed that he was standing by the Nile River, 2 when seven cows, fat and sleek, came up out of the river and began to feed on the grass. 3 Then seven other cows came up; they were thin and bony. They came and stood by the other cows on the riverbank, 4 and the thin cows ate up the fat cows. Then the king woke up. 5 He fell asleep again and had another dream. Seven heads of grain, full and ripe, were growing on one stalk. 6 Then seven other heads of grain sprouted, thin and scorched by the desert wind, 7 and the thin heads of grain swallowed the full ones. The king woke up and realized that he had been dreaming. 8 (A)In the morning he was worried, so he sent for all the magicians and wise men of Egypt. He told them his dreams, but no one could explain them to him.
9 Then the wine steward said to the king, “I must confess today that I have done wrong. 10 You were angry with the chief baker and me, and you put us in prison in the house of the captain of the guard. 11 One night each of us had a dream, and the dreams had different meanings. 12 A young Hebrew was there with us, a slave of the captain of the guard. We told him our dreams, and he interpreted them for us. 13 Things turned out just as he said: you restored me to my position, but you executed the baker.”
14 The king sent for Joseph, and he was immediately brought from the prison. After he had shaved and changed his clothes, he came into the king's presence. 15 The king said to him, “I have had a dream, and no one can explain it. I have been told that you can interpret dreams.”
16 Joseph answered, “I cannot, Your Majesty, but God will give a favorable interpretation.”
17 The king said, “I dreamed that I was standing on the bank of the Nile, 18 when seven cows, fat and sleek, came up out of the river and began feeding on the grass. 19 Then seven other cows came up which were thin and bony. They were the poorest cows I have ever seen anywhere in Egypt. 20 The thin cows ate up the fat ones, 21 but no one would have known it, because they looked just as bad as before. Then I woke up. 22 I also dreamed that I saw seven heads of grain which were full and ripe, growing on one stalk. 23 Then seven heads of grain sprouted, thin and scorched by the desert wind, 24 and the thin heads of grain swallowed the full ones. I told the dreams to the magicians, but none of them could explain them to me.”
25 Joseph said to the king, “The two dreams mean the same thing; God has told you what he is going to do. 26 The seven fat cows are seven years, and the seven full heads of grain are also seven years; they have the same meaning. 27 The seven thin cows which came up later and the seven thin heads of grain scorched by the desert wind are seven years of famine. 28 It is just as I told you—God has shown you what he is going to do. 29 There will be seven years of great plenty in all the land of Egypt. 30 After that, there will be seven years of famine, and all the good years will be forgotten, because the famine will ruin the country. 31 The time of plenty will be entirely forgotten, because the famine which follows will be so terrible. 32 The repetition of your dream means that the matter is fixed by God and that he will make it happen in the near future.
33 “Now you should choose some man with wisdom and insight and put him in charge of the country. 34 You must also appoint other officials and take a fifth of the crops during the seven years of plenty. 35 Order them to collect all the food during the good years that are coming, and give them authority to store up grain in the cities and guard it. 36 The food will be a reserve supply for the country during the seven years of famine which are going to come on Egypt. In this way the people will not starve.”
Joseph Is Made Governor over Egypt
37 The king and his officials approved this plan, 38 and he said to them, “We will never find a better man than Joseph, a man who has God's spirit in him.” 39 The king said to Joseph, “God has shown you all this, so it is obvious that you have greater wisdom and insight than anyone else. 40 (B)I will put you in charge of my country, and all my people will obey your orders. Your authority will be second only to mine. 41 I now appoint you governor over all Egypt.” 42 (C)The king removed from his finger the ring engraved with the royal seal and put it on Joseph's finger. He put a fine linen robe on him, and placed a gold chain around his neck. 43 He gave him the second royal chariot to ride in, and his guard of honor went ahead of him and cried out, “Make way! Make way!” And so Joseph was appointed governor over all Egypt. 44 The king said to him, “I am the king—and no one in all Egypt shall so much as lift a hand or a foot without your permission.” 45-46 He gave Joseph the Egyptian name Zaphenath Paneah, and he gave him a wife, Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, a priest in the city of Heliopolis.
Joseph was thirty years old when he began to serve the king of Egypt. He left the king's court and traveled all over the land. 47 During the seven years of plenty the land produced abundant crops, 48 all of which Joseph collected and stored in the cities. In each city he stored the food from the fields around it. 49 There was so much grain that Joseph stopped measuring it—it was like the sand of the sea.
50 Before the years of famine came, Joseph had two sons by Asenath. 51 He said, “God has made me forget all my sufferings and all my father's family”; so he named his first son Manasseh.[a] 52 He also said, “God has given me children in the land of my trouble”; so he named his second son Ephraim.[b]
53 The seven years of plenty that the land of Egypt had enjoyed came to an end, 54 (D)and the seven years of famine began, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in every other country, but there was food throughout Egypt. 55 (E)When the Egyptians began to be hungry, they cried out to the king for food. So he ordered them to go to Joseph and do what he told them. 56 The famine grew worse and spread over the whole country, so Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold grain to the Egyptians. 57 People came to Egypt from all over the world to buy grain from Joseph, because the famine was severe everywhere.
Footnotes
- Genesis 41:51 This name sounds like the Hebrew for “cause to forget.”
- Genesis 41:52 This name sounds like the Hebrew for “give children.”
Genèse 41
La Bible du Semeur
Les rêves du pharaon
41 Deux années entières passèrent. Puis le pharaon fit un rêve : il se tenait au bord du Nil 2 et vit sortir du fleuve sept vaches belles et bien grasses, qui se mirent à paître dans les roseaux. 3 Puis, après elles, sept autres vaches sortirent du fleuve, elles étaient laides et décharnées. Elles vinrent se placer à côté des premières vaches, au bord du fleuve. 4 Et voilà que les sept vaches laides et décharnées dévorèrent les sept vaches belles et grasses. Alors le pharaon se réveilla. 5 Puis il se rendormit et fit un second rêve : Sept épis poussaient sur une seule tige, des épis pleins et beaux. 6 Puis sept épis maigres et desséchés par le vent d’orient[a] poussèrent après eux. 7 Les épis maigres engloutirent les sept épis pleins et beaux. Alors le pharaon se réveilla et se rendit compte qu’il avait rêvé.
8 Au matin, inquiet, il fit convoquer tous les magiciens et les sages d’Egypte et leur raconta ses rêves, mais aucun d’eux ne put les lui interpréter. 9 Alors le chef des échansons prit la parole et dit au pharaon : Je vais évoquer aujourd’hui le souvenir de ma faute. 10 Le pharaon s’était emporté contre ses serviteurs et m’avait fait mettre aux arrêts avec le chef des panetiers dans la maison du commandant des gardes. 11 Une nuit, nous avons fait tous deux un rêve ayant sa signification propre. 12 Or, il y avait là avec nous un jeune homme hébreu, un esclave du commandant des gardes ; nous lui avons raconté nos deux rêves et il a donné l’interprétation de chacun d’eux. 13 Par la suite, les choses se sont passées conformément à l’interprétation qu’il nous avait donnée : moi j’ai été rétabli dans mes fonctions, et le panetier a été pendu.
14 Alors le pharaon envoya chercher Joseph et, sur-le-champ, on courut le faire sortir du cachot ; on le rasa[b], on le fit changer d’habits et on l’introduisit auprès du pharaon. 15 Celui-ci dit à Joseph : J’ai fait un rêve et personne n’est capable de l’interpréter. Or, j’ai entendu dire qu’il te suffit d’entendre raconter un rêve pour pouvoir l’interpréter.
16 Joseph répondit au pharaon : Ce n’est pas moi, c’est Dieu qui donnera au pharaon l’explication qui convient.
17 Le pharaon dit alors à Joseph : Dans mon rêve, je me tenais debout sur le bord du Nil. 18 Sept vaches grasses et belles sortirent du fleuve et se mirent à paître dans les roseaux. 19 Puis sept autres vaches surgirent derrière elles, maigres, laides et décharnées ; elles étaient si misérables que je n’en ai jamais vu de pareilles dans tout le pays d’Egypte. 20 Ces vaches décharnées et laides dévorèrent les sept vaches grasses, 21 qui furent englouties dans leur ventre sans que l’on remarque qu’elles avaient été avalées : les vaches maigres restaient aussi misérables qu’auparavant. Là-dessus je me suis réveillé. 22 Puis j’ai fait un autre rêve : Je voyais sept épis pleins et beaux pousser sur une même tige. 23 Puis sept épis secs, maigres et desséchés par le vent d’orient poussèrent après eux. 24 Les épis maigres engloutirent les sept beaux épis. J’ai raconté tout cela aux magiciens, mais aucun d’eux n’a pu me l’expliquer.
25 Joseph dit au pharaon : Ce que le pharaon a rêvé constitue un seul et même rêve. Dieu a révélé au pharaon ce qu’il va faire. 26 Les sept belles vaches représentent sept années, tout comme les sept beaux épis ; c’est un seul et même songe. 27 Les sept vaches décharnées et laides qui ont surgi derrière les premières représentent aussi sept années, et les sept épis maigres, desséchés par le vent d’orient, seront sept années de famine. 28 Comme je l’ai dit au pharaon : Dieu a révélé au pharaon ce qu’il va faire. 29 Il y aura d’abord sept années de grande abondance dans toute l’Egypte. 30 Elles seront suivies de sept années de famine qui feront oublier toute cette abondance en Egypte, tant la famine épuisera le pays. 31 Le souvenir même de l’abondance dont le pays aura joui s’effacera à cause de cette famine, car elle sévira très durement. 32 Si le rêve du pharaon s’est répété par deux fois, c’est que Dieu a irrévocablement décidé la chose et qu’il va l’exécuter sans délai.
33 Maintenant donc, que le pharaon choisisse sans tarder un homme avisé et sage et qu’il le mette à la tête du pays. 34 Que le pharaon agisse ainsi : Qu’il nomme dans tout le pays des commissaires qui prélèveront le cinquième de toutes les récoltes d’Egypte durant les sept années d’abondance. 35 Ils collecteront tous les vivres que produiront ces bonnes années qui viennent, ils emmagasineront le blé dans les villes sous l’autorité du pharaon, et le garderont comme réserve de vivres. 36 Ces provisions serviront de réserve pour le pays, en prévision des sept années de famine qui s’abattront sur l’Egypte. Ainsi les habitants du pays ne mourront pas de faim.
Joseph à la tête de l’Egypte
37 Cette proposition plut au pharaon et à tous ses hauts fonctionnaires. 38 Alors le pharaon leur dit : Trouverions-nous un homme aussi compétent que celui-ci en qui habite l’Esprit de Dieu[c] ?
39 Le pharaon dit à Joseph : Puisque Dieu t’a fait connaître toutes ces choses, il n’y a personne qui soit aussi avisé et aussi sage que toi. 40 Tu seras donc à la tête de mon royaume, et tout mon peuple se pliera à tes ordres. Moi-même je ne serai au-dessus de toi que par le trône[d]. 41 Ainsi, lui dit-il, je te mets à la tête de toute l’Egypte.
42 Et le pharaon retira son anneau[e] de sa main et le passa au doigt de Joseph ; il le fit revêtir d’habits de fin lin et lui suspendit un collier d’or au cou[f]. 43 Il le fit monter sur son deuxième char et, sur son parcours, on cria : A genoux[g] !
C’est ainsi qu’il le mit à la tête de toute l’Egypte. 44 Le pharaon dit encore à Joseph : Je suis le pharaon. Mais sans ton ordre, personne dans tout le pays ne lèvera le petit doigt ni ne se déplacera.
45 Le pharaon nomma Joseph Tsaphnat-Paenéah[h] et lui donna pour femme Asnath, fille de Poti-Phéra, un prêtre d’On[i]. Joseph partit inspecter l’Egypte. 46 Il était âgé de trente ans quand il entra au service du pharaon, roi d’Egypte. Il quitta la cour du pharaon et parcourut tout le pays d’Egypte.
47 Pendant les sept années d’abondance, la terre produisit de riches moissons. 48 Joseph rassembla tous les vivres possibles en Egypte pendant ces sept années, et il les entreposa dans les villes. Dans chaque ville, il mit en réserve les denrées alimentaires produites par le territoire environnant. 49 Il entreposa du blé en aussi grande quantité que le sable de la mer ; il y en avait tant que l’on cessa d’en faire le compte, car cela dépassait toute mesure.
Les fils de Joseph
50 Avant la période de famine, Asnath, fille de Poti-Phéra, prêtre d’On, donna deux fils à Joseph. 51 Il appela son premier-né Manassé (Celui qui fait oublier[j]), car, dit-il, Dieu m’a fait oublier toutes mes souffrances et ma séparation de la famille de mon père. 52 Il donna au second le nom d’Ephraïm (Fécond), car Dieu, dit-il, m’a rendu fécond dans le pays où j’ai connu l’affliction.
La famine
53 Les sept années où l’abondance avait régné en Egypte touchèrent à leur terme 54 et les sept années de famine commencèrent, comme Joseph l’avait prédit. La famine sévissait dans tous les pays. Mais il y avait du pain dans toute l’Egypte[k]. 55 Quand la population de l’Egypte n’eut plus de pain, elle en réclama à grands cris au pharaon, qui dit à tous les Egyptiens : Adressez-vous à Joseph et faites ce qu’il vous dira !
56 La famine sévissait dans toute la contrée. Joseph ouvrit tous les entrepôts du pays et vendit du blé aux Egyptiens. Mais la disette s’aggrava encore en Egypte. 57 De tous les pays, on venait acheter du blé auprès de Joseph, car la famine était grande sur toute la terre.
Footnotes
- 41.6 Chaud et sec, qui flétrit toute végétation.
- 41.14 Les Egyptiens se rasaient les cheveux et la barbe.
- 41.38 D’autres traduisent : des dieux.
- 41.40 Voir Ac 7.10.
- 41.42 Portant le cachet royal.
- 41.42 Insignes et instruments de l’autorité : l’anneau servait à « signer » les documents (on les cachetait avec, ce qui leur conférait autorité).
- 41.43 Autre traduction : laissez passer !
- 41.45 Nom dont le sens est incertain mais qui contient le terme vie.
- 41.45 Ville que les Grecs appelaient Héliopolis, à environ 10 kilomètres au nord du Caire. Les prêtres formaient la caste suprême de la noblesse en Egypte.
- 41.51 Manassé fait assonance avec le verbe hébreu oublier.
- 41.54 Voir Ac 7.11.
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