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Jacob Meets Esau

32 Jacob went on his way, and the angels of God met him.[a] When he saw them, Jacob said, “This is God’s army.” He named that place Mahanaim.[b]

Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to Esau, his brother, to the land of Seir, the region of Edom. He gave them a command. “Tell my lord, Esau, ‘This is what your servant Jacob says: I have lived as an alien with Laban until very recently. I have cattle, donkeys, flocks, male servants, and female servants. I have sent this message to inform my lord, so that I may find favor in your sight.’”

The messengers returned to Jacob and reported, “We came to your brother Esau. Now he is coming to meet you, and he has four hundred men with him.”

So Jacob was terrified and very distressed. He divided the people who were with him, as well as the flocks, and the herds, and the camels, into two camps.[c] He said, “If Esau comes to one camp and strikes it, then the other camp will escape.” Jacob said, “God of my father Abraham and God of my father Isaac, the Lord, who said to me, ‘Return to your country and to your relatives, and I will do good for you,’ 10 I am not worthy of even a bit of all the mercy and all the faithfulness that you have shown to your servant, for I crossed over this Jordan with just my staff, and now I have grown into two camps. 11 Please deliver me from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau, for I am afraid that he will come and strike me and the mothers, as well as the children. 12 You said, ‘I will surely do good for you and make your descendants like the grains of sand of the sea, which cannot be counted because there are so many.’”

13 Jacob spent that night there and selected a gift for Esau his brother from the possessions he had with him: 14 two hundred female goats and twenty male goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams, 15 thirty milk camels and their colts, forty cows and ten bulls, and twenty female donkeys with ten foals. 16 He handed them over to his servants, each herd by itself, and said to his servants, “Cross over in front of me, and keep some space between each herd and the next one.” 17 He commanded the one in front, “When Esau my brother meets you and asks, ‘Whose people are you? Where are you going? Whose herds are these in front of you?’ 18 then you shall say, ‘They belong to your servant Jacob. It is a gift sent to you, my lord Esau. Look, he is right behind us.’” 19 He commanded the second group, and the third, and all those who followed the herds, “This is how you shall speak to Esau when you meet him. 20 You shall say, ‘What’s more, look, your servant Jacob is right behind us.’” Jacob said, “I will win his favor with the gift that I have sent ahead of me, and after that I will see his face, and perhaps he will accept me.”

21 So the gift was sent over ahead of him, but he himself spent that night in the camp.

22 He got up that night and took his two wives, his two maids, and his eleven sons, and crossed over the ford of the Jabbok. 23 He took them and sent them across the stream, and he also sent his possessions across. 24 Jacob was left alone, and he wrestled with a man there until daybreak. 25 When the man saw that he could not defeat him, he touched the socket of his thigh, and the socket of Jacob’s thigh was dislocated as he wrestled. 26 The man said, “Let me go. It’s daybreak.”

Jacob said, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

27 Then he said to him, “What is your name?”

He said, “Jacob.”

28 Then he said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have fought with God and with men, and you have won.”

29 Jacob asked him, “Please tell me your name.”

He said, “Why do you ask what my name is?” Then he blessed him there.

30 Jacob named the place Peniel,[d] because he said, “I have seen God face-to-face, and my life has been spared.” 31 The sun rose as he crossed over at Peniel, and he was limping because of his thigh. 32 For that reason, to this day the people of Israel do not eat the tendon of the hip that is on the socket of the thigh, because God touched the socket of Jacob’s thigh on the tendon of the hip.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 32:1 In the Hebrew text, chapter 32 starts with English verse 31:55. In chapter 32, the Hebrew verse numbers are one number higher than the English verse numbers.
  2. Genesis 32:2 Mahanaim means two camps.
  3. Genesis 32:7 Or two groups. These are groups on the move, which we generally do not call camps in English, but the translation camps connects to the name Mahanaim, which means two camps.
  4. Genesis 32:30 Peniel means face of God.

Jacob a peur de rencontrer Esaü

32 Le lendemain, de bon matin, Laban embrassa ses petits-enfants et ses filles et les bénit ; puis il partit et retourna chez lui. Jacob poursuivit sa route. Des anges de Dieu vinrent à sa rencontre. En les voyant, il s’écria : C’est ici le camp de Dieu ! Et il nomma ce lieu : Mahanaïm[a] (Les deux camps).

Puis il envoya devant lui des messagers vers son frère Esaü, au pays de Séir, dans la steppe d’Edom[b]. Il leur donna les instructions suivantes : Voici ce que vous direz à mon seigneur Esaü : « Ainsi parle ton serviteur Jacob : J’ai séjourné chez Laban et je m’y suis attardé jusqu’à maintenant. J’ai acquis des bovins et des ânes, des moutons, des chèvres, des serviteurs et des servantes, et j’en fais informer mon seigneur pour recevoir bon accueil auprès de lui. »

Les messagers revinrent auprès de Jacob en disant : Nous sommes allés trouver ton frère Esaü et le voilà qui vient à ta rencontre – avec quatre cents hommes.

Jacob eut très peur, l’angoisse le saisit. Il répartit en deux camps les gens qui étaient avec lui, le menu et le gros bétail ainsi que les chameaux, car il se disait : « Si Esaü attaque l’un des camps et le détruit, celui qui restera pourra en réchapper. »

10 Puis Jacob pria : Dieu de mon père Abraham, Dieu de mon père Isaac, ô Eternel, toi qui m’as dit : « Retourne dans ton pays, dans ta famille, et je te ferai du bien », 11 je suis indigne de toutes les faveurs que tu as témoignées avec tant de fidélité à ton serviteur ; car lorsque j’ai passé ce Jourdain, je n’avais que mon bâton, et maintenant je me trouve à la tête de deux camps. 12 Délivre-moi, je te prie, de mon frère Esaü ; car j’ai peur qu’il vienne me tuer, sans épargner ni mère ni enfant. 13 Pourtant, toi tu m’as dit : « Je te ferai du bien, et je rendrai tes descendants aussi nombreux que le sable de la mer que nul ne peut compter. »

14 Jacob s’installa à cet endroit pour la nuit. Il choisit dans ce qu’il avait à sa disposition de quoi faire un présent à son frère Esaü : 15 deux cents chèvres et vingt boucs, deux cents brebis et vingt béliers, 16 trente chamelles qui allaitaient avec leurs petits, quarante vaches et dix taureaux, vingt ânesses et dix ânons. 17 Il les confia à ses serviteurs, par troupeaux séparés, en leur disant : Passez devant moi et laissez une certaine distance entre chaque troupeau.

18 Puis il donna les instructions suivantes au premier serviteur : Quand tu rencontreras mon frère Esaü et qu’il te demandera : « Quel est ton maître, où vas-tu, et à qui appartient ce troupeau qui te précède ? », 19 tu répondras : « C’est à ton serviteur Jacob, et ce troupeau est un cadeau qu’il t’envoie, mon seigneur Esaü. Lui-même arrive derrière nous. »

20 Il donna les mêmes instructions au deuxième serviteur, au troisième, puis à tous ceux qui allaient marcher derrière les troupeaux : C’est ainsi que vous parlerez à Esaü quand vous le rencontrerez ! 21 Et dites-lui bien : « Voici, ton serviteur Jacob vient lui aussi derrière nous ! »

Car il se disait : Je l’apaiserai par ce présent qui me précède, ensuite je paraîtrai devant lui, et peut-être me permettra-t-il de le regarder en face.

22 Les bêtes offertes en cadeau s’en allèrent donc devant lui, et lui-même passa cette nuit-là dans le camp.

La lutte avec Dieu

23 Dans la nuit, il se leva, emmena ses deux femmes, leurs servantes et ses onze fils et passa le gué du Yabboq[c]. 24 Après leur avoir fait traverser le torrent et avoir fait passer tout ce qui lui appartenait, 25 Jacob resta seul. Alors un individu lutta avec lui jusqu’à l’aube. 26 Quand celui-ci vit qu’il n’arrivait pas à vaincre Jacob, il lui porta un coup à l’articulation de la hanche qui se démit pendant qu’il luttait avec lui. 27 Puis il dit à Jacob : Laisse-moi partir, car le jour se lève.

Mais Jacob répondit : Je ne te laisserai pas aller avant que tu ne m’aies béni.

28 – Quel est ton nom ? demanda l’individu.

– Jacob, répondit-il.

29 – Désormais, reprit l’autre, tu ne t’appelleras plus Jacob mais Israël (Il lutte avec Dieu), car tu as lutté avec Dieu et avec les hommes et tu as vaincu.

30 Jacob l’interrogea : Je t’en prie, fais-moi connaître ton nom.

– Pourquoi me demandes-tu mon nom ? lui répondit-il.

Et il le bénit là.

31 Jacob nomma ce lieu Péniel (La face de Dieu) car, dit-il, j’ai vu Dieu face à face et j’ai eu la vie sauve[d].

32 Le soleil se leva quand il passa le gué de Penouel[e]. Jacob boitait de la hanche. 33 C’est pourquoi, jusqu’à ce jour, les Israélites ne mangent pas le muscle de la cuisse fixé à l’articulation de la hanche, car c’est là que Dieu avait frappé Jacob.

Footnotes

  1. 32.3 Cette localité, située près du Yabboq, jouera un grand rôle au temps de David et de Salomon (2 S 2.8 ; 17.24 ; 1 R 4.14).
  2. 32.4 Au sud et sud-est de la mer Morte où Esaü s’est installé (27.39-40).
  3. 32.23 Affluent principal, à l’est du Jourdain, à une quarantaine de kilomètres de l’embouchure de celui-ci.
  4. 32.31 Voir Ex 33.20, 23 ; 24.10 ; Nb 12.8 ; Dt 34.10.
  5. 32.32 Penouel, variante orthographique de l’hébreu pour Péniel.

Esau Comes to Meet Jacob

32 So Jacob went on his way, and (A)the angels of God met him. When Jacob saw them, he said, “This is God’s (B)camp.” And he called the name of that place [a]Mahanaim.

Then Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother (C)in the land of Seir, (D)the [b]country of Edom. And he commanded them, saying, (E)“Speak thus to my lord Esau, ‘Thus your servant Jacob says: “I have dwelt with Laban and stayed there until now. (F)I have oxen, donkeys, flocks, and male and female servants; and I have sent to tell my lord, that (G)I may find favor in your sight.” ’ ”

Then the messengers returned to Jacob, saying, “We came to your brother Esau, and (H)he also is coming to meet you, and four hundred men are with him.” So Jacob was greatly afraid and (I)distressed; and he divided the people that were with him, and the flocks and herds and camels, into two companies. And he said, “If Esau comes to the one company and [c]attacks it, then the other company which is left will escape.”

(J)Then Jacob said, (K)“O God of my father Abraham and God of my father Isaac, the Lord (L)who said to me, ‘Return to your country and to your family, and I will deal well with you’: 10 I am not worthy of the least of all the (M)mercies and of all the truth which You have shown Your servant; for I crossed over this Jordan with (N)my staff, and now I have become two companies. 11 (O)Deliver me, I pray, from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau; for I fear him, lest he come and [d]attack me and (P)the mother with the children. 12 For (Q)You said, ‘I will surely treat you well, and make your descendants as the (R)sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.’ ”

13 So he lodged there that same night, and took what [e]came to his hand as (S)a present for Esau his brother: 14 two hundred female goats and twenty male goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams, 15 thirty milk camels with their colts, forty cows and ten bulls, twenty female donkeys and ten foals. 16 Then he delivered them to the hand of his servants, every drove by itself, and said to his servants, “Pass over before me, and put some distance between successive droves.” 17 And he commanded the first one, saying, “When Esau my brother meets you and asks you, saying, ‘To whom do you belong, and where are you going? Whose are these in front of you?’ 18 then you shall say, ‘They are your servant Jacob’s. It is a present sent to my lord Esau; and behold, he also is behind us.’ ” 19 So he commanded the second, the third, and all who followed the droves, saying, “In this manner you shall speak to Esau when you find him; 20 and also say, ‘Behold, your servant Jacob is behind us.’ ” For he said, “I will (T)appease him with the present that goes before me, and afterward I will see his face; perhaps he will accept me.” 21 So the present went on over before him, but he himself lodged that night in the camp.

Wrestling with God

22 And he arose that night and took his two wives, his two female servants, and his eleven sons, (U)and crossed over the ford of Jabbok. 23 He took them, sent them [f]over the brook, and sent over what he had. 24 Then Jacob was left alone; and (V)a Man wrestled with him until the [g]breaking of day. 25 Now when He saw that He did not prevail against him, He [h]touched the socket of his hip; and (W)the socket of Jacob’s hip was out of joint as He wrestled with him. 26 And (X)He said, “Let Me go, for the day breaks.”

But he said, (Y)“I will not let You go unless You bless me!”

27 So He said to him, “What is your name?”

He said, “Jacob.”

28 And He said, (Z)“Your name shall no longer be called Jacob, but [i]Israel; for you have (AA)struggled with God and (AB)with men, and have prevailed.”

29 Then Jacob asked, saying, “Tell me Your name, I pray.”

And He said, (AC)“Why is it that you ask about My name?” And He (AD)blessed him there.

30 So Jacob called the name of the place [j]Peniel: “For (AE)I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.” 31 Just as he crossed over [k]Penuel the sun rose on him, and he limped on his hip. 32 Therefore to this day the children of Israel do not eat the muscle that shrank, which is on the hip socket, because He [l]touched the socket of Jacob’s hip in the muscle that shrank.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 32:2 Lit. Double Camp
  2. Genesis 32:3 Lit. field
  3. Genesis 32:8 Lit. strikes
  4. Genesis 32:11 Lit. strike
  5. Genesis 32:13 he had received
  6. Genesis 32:23 across
  7. Genesis 32:24 dawn
  8. Genesis 32:25 struck
  9. Genesis 32:28 Lit. Prince with God
  10. Genesis 32:30 Lit. Face of God
  11. Genesis 32:31 Lit. Face of God; same as Peniel, v. 30
  12. Genesis 32:32 struck