Genesis 31
Het Boek
Terug naar het vaderland
31 1,2 Maar Jakob kwam er achter dat Labans zonen zeiden: ‘Alles wat hij bezit, heeft hij aan onze vader te danken. Zijn rijkdom is ten koste van onze vader ontstaan.’ Jakob merkte ook dat Labans vriendschap voor hem bekoelde. 3 Toen sprak de Here met Jakob en zei: ‘Ga terug naar uw vaderland en uw familie. Ik zal bij u zijn.’
4 Daarom liet Jakob Rachel en Lea op een dag bij zich op het land komen, waar hij de kudde hoedde, om met hen te overleggen. 5 ‘Jullie vader heeft zich tegen mij gekeerd,’ vertelde hij hun, ‘en nu heeft de God van mijn vaderen met mij gesproken. 6 Jullie weten hoe hard ik voor jullie vader heb gewerkt, maar hij heeft mij bedrogen en is de afspraken over mijn loon herhaalde malen niet nagekomen. 7 God heeft echter niet toegestaan dat hij mij benadeelde, 8 want toen hij beloofde dat alle gespikkelde dieren voor mij zouden zijn, werden alleen nog gespikkelde dieren geboren. En toen hij van mening veranderde en zei dat ik alle gestreepte dieren mocht hebben, waren alle jonge dieren gestreept! 9 Op die manier heeft God mij rijk gemaakt ten koste van jullie vader.
10 En in de bronsttijd had ik een droom en zag dat de parende bokken in de kudde allemaal gespikkeld, gestreept en gevlekt waren. 11 Toen, in mijn droom, riep de Engel van God: “Jakob!” En ik antwoordde: “Ja.” 12 Hij zei dat ik de witte ooien met de gespikkelde, gevlekte en gestreepte bokken moest laten paren. “Want Ik heb gezien wat Laban u heeft aangedaan,” zei de Engel. 13 “Ik ben de God die u heeft gezien bij Betel, waar u een gedenksteen hebt opgericht en Mij een belofte hebt gedaan. Verlaat dit land en keer terug naar uw geboorteland.” ’ 14 Rachel en Lea zeiden: ‘Wij gaan met je mee. Wij hebben hier niets meer te zoeken en wij zullen ook niets erven van onze vader. 15 Hij heeft ons behandeld als vreemden en ons verkocht. Van dat geld is al niets meer over. 16 De rijkdommen die God jou heeft gegeven van onze vader, waren eigenlijk van ons en onze kinderen! Doe maar wat God je heeft gezegd, wij staan achter je.’
17 Op een dag zette Jakob zijn vrouwen en kinderen op kamelen 18 en ging er vandoor zonder Laban iets te zeggen. Hij dreef zijn kudden, die hij daar in Paddan-Aram had verkregen, voor zich uit en nam al zijn bezittingen mee. Zo begon de terugreis naar zijn vader Isaak in het land Kanaän. 19 Laban was toen net bezig op het land de schapen te scheren. 20 Jakob verdween met al zijn bezittingen (Rachel stal stiekem haar vaders huisgoden), 21 stak de rivier de Eufraat over en zette koers naar het gebied aan de voet van het Gilead-gebergte.
22 Het duurde drie dagen voordat Laban te weten kwam dat Jakob was verdwenen. 23 Hij verzamelde een aantal mannen en zette de achtervolging in. Zeven dagen later achterhaalde hij de vluchtelingen bij het Gilead-gebergte.
24 Die nacht verscheen God in een droom aan Laban. ‘Let op uw woorden als u met Jakob gaat praten, u mag hem niet zegenen, maar ook niet vervloeken,’ zei God. 25 Ten slotte ontmoetten de mannen elkaar in het gebergte. Jakob had zijn tenten op een bergkam opgeslagen. Labans kamp lag wat lager. 26 ‘Waarom ben je zo stiekem weggeslopen?’ vroeg Laban. ‘Je hebt mijn dochters meegevoerd alsof het krijgsgevangenen zijn. En waarom heb je mij geen afscheidsfeest voor je laten houden, met veel muziek en zang? 27,28 Je hebt me zelfs niet de kans gegeven mijn dochters en kleinkinderen vaarwel te kussen. Ik vind het maar een vreemde zaak. 29 Ik zou je gemakkelijk de les kunnen lezen, maar de God van je vader is de afgelopen nacht aan mij verschenen en heeft gezegd: “Let op uw woorden als u met Jakob spreekt, u mag hem niet zegenen, maar ook niet vervloeken.” 30 Maar nu moet je mij eens vertellen: als je bent weggegaan, omdat je zo graag terug wilt naar je geboorteland, waarom heb je dan mijn huisgoden gestolen?’
31 ‘Ik ben stilletjes weggegaan, omdat ik bang was,’ antwoordde Jakob. ‘Ik was bang dat u uw dochters zou terugnemen. 32 En wat betreft uw huisgoden, ik vervloek degene die ze heeft meegenomen. Laat hem maar sterven! Als u ook maar iets vindt dat wij van u hebben gestolen, zal ik het u zonder meer teruggeven. Dat zweer ik in het bijzijn van al deze mannen.’ Jakob wist namelijk niet dat Rachel ze had gestolen. 33 Laban doorzocht eerst Jakobs tent, daarna die van Lea en toen die van de twee bijvrouwen, maar hij vond niets. Als laatste doorzocht hij Rachels tent. 34 Maar Rachel had de beeldjes in haar zadeltas verstopt en zat daar nu bovenop! Zo moest Laban zijn speurtocht onverrichter zake beëindigen. 35 ‘Neem mij niet kwalijk, vader, dat ik niet opsta, maar ik ben ongesteld,’ zei Rachel.
36,37 Maar nu was Jakob goed boos geworden. ‘Wat hebt u gevonden?’ beet hij Laban toe. ‘Wat is mijn misdaad? U hebt mij achtervolgd alsof ik een misdadiger ben en nu hebt u alles doorzocht. Leg nu al die gestolen spullen hier maar neer, zodat iedereen ze kan zien en kan zeggen van wie ze zijn! 38 Twintig jaar ben ik bij u geweest en al die tijd heb ik goed voor uw ooien en geiten gezorgd, zodat zij gezonde jongen ter wereld brachten. Nooit heb ik ook maar één ram aangeraakt om ervan te eten. 39 Als er een door wilde dieren werd aangevallen en gedood, ging ik dan naar u toe om te zeggen dat u een dier minder had? Nee! Ik nam het verlies op me. U liet mij elk gestolen dier betalen, of het nu wel of niet mijn schuld was. 40 Ik werkte voor u in de hitte van de dag en in koude en slapeloze nachten. 41 Ja, twintig jaar, veertien om uw dochters te verdienen en zes om een kudde te krijgen! En u hebt mijn loon wel tienmaal gewijzigd! 42 Als het aan u had gelegen en God—de God van mijn grootvader Abraham, de glorierijke God van mijn vader Isaak—niet goed voor mij was geweest, dan had u mij zonder iets weggestuurd. Maar God heeft uw wreedheid en mijn harde werken gezien, daarom is Hij de afgelopen nacht aan u verschenen.’
43 Laban bond in: ‘Deze vrouwen zijn mijn dochters, deze kinderen zijn van mij en ook de kudden en al je andere bezittingen zijn van mij. Hoe zou ik mijn eigen dochters en kleinkinderen kunnen benadelen? 44 Vooruit, laten we een verdrag sluiten, jij en ik, en laten we daarnaar leven.’ 45 Jakob pakte een steen en zette hem rechtop als een gedenksteen. 46 Hij liet zijn mannen stenen op een hoop gooien en naast die steenhoop at hij met Laban.
47,48 Zij noemden de steenhoop Jegar-Sahaduta (Hoop van het Getuigenis) in Labans taal en Gal-Ed in Jakobs taal. ‘Deze steenhoop zal als getuige tussen ons instaan, indien iemand over die grens komt,’ zei Laban. 49 Daarom heette de steenhoop ook Mispa (Wachttoren). Want Laban zei: ‘Moge de Here de wacht houden over ons als wij niet meer bij elkaar zijn. 50 En als jij mijn dochters slecht behandelt of andere vrouwen neemt, zal ik het niet weten, maar God zal het wel zien. 51,52 Deze hoop stenen is een getuige van onze belofte, dat wij deze lijn niet zullen passeren om elkaar aan te vallen, jij niet en ik niet. 53 De God van Abraham en Nachor en van hun vader zal degene die dat wel doet, vernietigen.’ Toen zwoer Jakob bij de Machtige God van zijn vader Isaak dat hij de scheidingslijn zou eerbiedigen. 54 Daarop bracht Jakob een offer en nodigde allen uit voor een maaltijd. Beide groepen overnachtten daar op de berg. 55 Laban stond de volgende morgen vroeg op, kuste zijn dochters en kleinkinderen vaarwel en keerde terug naar huis.
Genesis 31
King James Version
31 And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying, Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's; and of that which was our father's hath he gotten all this glory.
2 And Jacob beheld the countenance of Laban, and, behold, it was not toward him as before.
3 And the Lord said unto Jacob, Return unto the land of thy fathers, and to thy kindred; and I will be with thee.
4 And Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field unto his flock,
5 And said unto them, I see your father's countenance, that it is not toward me as before; but the God of my father hath been with me.
6 And ye know that with all my power I have served your father.
7 And your father hath deceived me, and changed my wages ten times; but God suffered him not to hurt me.
8 If he said thus, The speckled shall be thy wages; then all the cattle bare speckled: and if he said thus, The ringstraked shall be thy hire; then bare all the cattle ringstraked.
9 Thus God hath taken away the cattle of your father, and given them to me.
10 And it came to pass at the time that the cattle conceived, that I lifted up mine eyes, and saw in a dream, and, behold, the rams which leaped upon the cattle were ringstraked, speckled, and grisled.
11 And the angel of God spake unto me in a dream, saying, Jacob: And I said, Here am I.
12 And he said, Lift up now thine eyes, and see, all the rams which leap upon the cattle are ringstraked, speckled, and grisled: for I have seen all that Laban doeth unto thee.
13 I am the God of Bethel, where thou anointedst the pillar, and where thou vowedst a vow unto me: now arise, get thee out from this land, and return unto the land of thy kindred.
14 And Rachel and Leah answered and said unto him, Is there yet any portion or inheritance for us in our father's house?
15 Are we not counted of him strangers? for he hath sold us, and hath quite devoured also our money.
16 For all the riches which God hath taken from our father, that is ours, and our children's: now then, whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do.
17 Then Jacob rose up, and set his sons and his wives upon camels;
18 And he carried away all his cattle, and all his goods which he had gotten, the cattle of his getting, which he had gotten in Padanaram, for to go to Isaac his father in the land of Canaan.
19 And Laban went to shear his sheep: and Rachel had stolen the images that were her father's.
20 And Jacob stole away unawares to Laban the Syrian, in that he told him not that he fled.
21 So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead.
22 And it was told Laban on the third day that Jacob was fled.
23 And he took his brethren with him, and pursued after him seven days' journey; and they overtook him in the mount Gilead.
24 And God came to Laban the Syrian in a dream by night, and said unto him, Take heed that thou speak not to Jacob either good or bad.
25 Then Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the mount: and Laban with his brethren pitched in the mount of Gilead.
26 And Laban said to Jacob, What hast thou done, that thou hast stolen away unawares to me, and carried away my daughters, as captives taken with the sword?
27 Wherefore didst thou flee away secretly, and steal away from me; and didst not tell me, that I might have sent thee away with mirth, and with songs, with tabret, and with harp?
28 And hast not suffered me to kiss my sons and my daughters? thou hast now done foolishly in so doing.
29 It is in the power of my hand to do you hurt: but the God of your father spake unto me yesternight, saying, Take thou heed that thou speak not to Jacob either good or bad.
30 And now, though thou wouldest needs be gone, because thou sore longedst after thy father's house, yet wherefore hast thou stolen my gods?
31 And Jacob answered and said to Laban, Because I was afraid: for I said, Peradventure thou wouldest take by force thy daughters from me.
32 With whomsoever thou findest thy gods, let him not live: before our brethren discern thou what is thine with me, and take it to thee. For Jacob knew not that Rachel had stolen them.
33 And Laban went into Jacob's tent, and into Leah's tent, and into the two maidservants' tents; but he found them not. Then went he out of Leah's tent, and entered into Rachel's tent.
34 Now Rachel had taken the images, and put them in the camel's furniture, and sat upon them. And Laban searched all the tent, but found them not.
35 And she said to her father, Let it not displease my lord that I cannot rise up before thee; for the custom of women is upon me. And he searched but found not the images.
36 And Jacob was wroth, and chode with Laban: and Jacob answered and said to Laban, What is my trespass? what is my sin, that thou hast so hotly pursued after me?
37 Whereas thou hast searched all my stuff, what hast thou found of all thy household stuff? set it here before my brethren and thy brethren, that they may judge betwixt us both.
38 This twenty years have I been with thee; thy ewes and thy she goats have not cast their young, and the rams of thy flock have I not eaten.
39 That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bare the loss of it; of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day, or stolen by night.
40 Thus I was; in the day the drought consumed me, and the frost by night; and my sleep departed from mine eyes.
41 Thus have I been twenty years in thy house; I served thee fourteen years for thy two daughters, and six years for thy cattle: and thou hast changed my wages ten times.
42 Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the fear of Isaac, had been with me, surely thou hadst sent me away now empty. God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and rebuked thee yesternight.
43 And Laban answered and said unto Jacob, These daughters are my daughters, and these children are my children, and these cattle are my cattle, and all that thou seest is mine: and what can I do this day unto these my daughters, or unto their children which they have born?
44 Now therefore come thou, let us make a covenant, I and thou; and let it be for a witness between me and thee.
45 And Jacob took a stone, and set it up for a pillar.
46 And Jacob said unto his brethren, Gather stones; and they took stones, and made an heap: and they did eat there upon the heap.
47 And Laban called it Jegarsahadutha: but Jacob called it Galeed.
48 And Laban said, This heap is a witness between me and thee this day. Therefore was the name of it called Galeed;
49 And Mizpah; for he said, The Lord watch between me and thee, when we are absent one from another.
50 If thou shalt afflict my daughters, or if thou shalt take other wives beside my daughters, no man is with us; see, God is witness betwixt me and thee.
51 And Laban said to Jacob, Behold this heap, and behold this pillar, which I have cast betwixt me and thee:
52 This heap be witness, and this pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm.
53 The God of Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge betwixt us. And Jacob sware by the fear of his father Isaac.
54 Then Jacob offered sacrifice upon the mount, and called his brethren to eat bread: and they did eat bread, and tarried all night in the mount.
55 And early in the morning Laban rose up, and kissed his sons and his daughters, and blessed them: and Laban departed, and returned unto his place.
Genesis 31
English Standard Version
Jacob Flees from Laban
31 Now Jacob heard that the sons of Laban were saying, “Jacob has taken all that was our father's, and from what was our father's he has gained all this wealth.” 2 And Jacob saw (A)that Laban did not regard him with favor as before. 3 Then the Lord said to Jacob, (B)“Return to the land of your fathers and to your kindred, and I will be with you.”
4 So Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah into the field where his flock was 5 and said to them, (C)“I see that your father does not regard me with favor as he did before. But the God of my father (D)has been with me. 6 (E)You know that I have served your father with all my strength, 7 yet your father has cheated me and changed my wages (F)ten times. But God did not permit him to harm me. 8 If he said, (G)‘The spotted shall be your wages,’ then all the flock bore spotted; and if he said, ‘The striped shall be your wages,’ then all the flock bore striped. 9 Thus God has (H)taken away the livestock of your father and given them to me. 10 In the breeding season of the flock I lifted up my eyes and saw in a dream that the goats that mated with the flock were striped, spotted, and mottled. 11 Then the angel of God said to me in the dream, ‘Jacob,’ and I said, ‘Here I am!’ 12 And he said, ‘Lift up your eyes and see, all the goats that mate with the flock are striped, spotted, and mottled, for (I)I have seen all that Laban is doing to you. 13 I am the God of Bethel, (J)where you anointed a pillar and made a vow to me. Now (K)arise, go out from this land and return to the land of your kindred.’” 14 Then Rachel and Leah answered and said to him, “Is there (L)any portion or inheritance left to us in our father's house? 15 Are we not regarded by him as foreigners? For (M)he has sold us, and he has indeed devoured our money. 16 All the wealth that God has taken away from our father belongs to us and to our children. Now then, whatever God has said to you, do.”
17 So Jacob arose and set his sons and his wives on camels. 18 He drove away all his livestock, all his property that he had gained, the livestock in his possession that he had acquired in (N)Paddan-aram, to go to the land of Canaan to his father Isaac. 19 Laban had gone to shear his sheep, and Rachel stole her father's (O)household gods. 20 And Jacob tricked[a] Laban the Aramean, by not telling him that he intended to flee. 21 He fled with all that he had and arose and crossed the (P)Euphrates,[b] and (Q)set his face toward the hill country of Gilead.
22 When it was told Laban on the third day that Jacob had fled, 23 he took his kinsmen with him and pursued him for seven days and followed close after him into the hill country of Gilead. 24 But God came to Laban the Aramean (R)in a dream by night and said to him, “Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, (S)either good or bad.”
25 And Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country, and Laban with his kinsmen pitched tents in the hill country of Gilead. 26 And Laban said to Jacob, “What have you done, that you have (T)tricked me and driven away my daughters like captives of the sword? 27 Why did you flee secretly (U)and trick me, and did not tell me, so that I might have sent you away with mirth and songs, with tambourine and lyre? 28 And why did you not permit me (V)to kiss my sons and my daughters farewell? Now you have done foolishly. 29 It is (W)in my power to do you harm. But the (X)God of your[c] father spoke to me last night, saying, ‘Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, (Y)either good or bad.’ 30 And now you have gone away because you longed greatly for your father's house, but why did you (Z)steal my gods?” 31 Jacob answered and said to Laban, “Because I was afraid, for I thought that you would take your daughters from me by force. 32 (AA)Anyone with whom you find your gods shall not live. In the presence of our kinsmen point out what I have that is yours, and take it.” Now Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen them.
33 So Laban went into Jacob's tent and into Leah's tent and into the tent of the two female servants, but he did not find them. And he went out of Leah's tent and entered Rachel's. 34 Now Rachel had taken the household gods and put them in the camel's saddle and sat on them. Laban felt all about the tent, but did not find them. 35 And she said to her father, “Let not my lord be angry that I cannot (AB)rise before you, for the way of women is upon me.” So he searched but did not find the household gods.
36 Then Jacob became angry and berated Laban. Jacob said to Laban, “What is my offense? What is my sin, that you have hotly pursued me? 37 For you have felt through all my goods; what have you found of all your household goods? Set it here before my kinsmen and (AC)your kinsmen, that they may decide between us two. 38 These twenty years I have been with you. Your ewes and your female goats have not miscarried, and I have not eaten the rams of your flocks. 39 What was torn by wild beasts I did not bring to you. I bore the loss of it myself. (AD)From my hand you required it, whether stolen by day or stolen by night. 40 There I was: by day the heat consumed me, and the cold by night, and my sleep fled from my eyes. 41 These twenty years I have been in your house. (AE)I served you fourteen years for your two daughters, and six years for your flock, and (AF)you have changed my wages ten times. 42 (AG)If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the (AH)Fear of Isaac, had not been on my side, surely now you would have sent me away empty-handed. (AI)God saw my affliction and the labor of my hands and (AJ)rebuked you last night.”
43 Then Laban answered and said to Jacob, “The daughters are my daughters, the children are my children, the flocks are my flocks, and all that you see is mine. But what can I do this day for these my daughters or for their children whom they have borne? 44 Come now, (AK)let us make a covenant, you and I. (AL)And let it be a witness between you and me.” 45 So Jacob (AM)took a stone and set it up as a pillar. 46 And Jacob said to his kinsmen, “Gather stones.” And they took stones and made a heap, and they ate there by the heap. 47 Laban called it Jegar-sahadutha,[d] but Jacob called it Galeed.[e] 48 Laban said, (AN)“This heap is a witness between you and me today.” Therefore he named it Galeed, 49 (AO)and Mizpah,[f] for he said, “The Lord watch between you and me, when we are out of one another's sight. 50 If you oppress my daughters, or if you take wives besides my daughters, although no one is with us, see, (AP)God is witness between you and me.”
51 Then Laban said to Jacob, “See this heap and the pillar, which I have set between you and me. 52 (AQ)This heap is a witness, and the pillar is a witness, that I will not pass over this heap to you, and you will not pass over this heap and this pillar to me, to do harm. 53 The God of Abraham and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge between us.” So Jacob swore by the (AR)Fear of his father Isaac, 54 and Jacob offered a sacrifice in the hill country and called (AS)his kinsmen to eat bread. They ate bread and spent the night in the hill country.
55 [g] Early in the morning Laban arose and kissed (AT)his grandchildren and his daughters and blessed them. Then Laban departed and returned home.
Footnotes
- Genesis 31:20 Hebrew stole the heart of; also verses 26, 27
- Genesis 31:21 Hebrew the River
- Genesis 31:29 The Hebrew for your is plural here
- Genesis 31:47 Aramaic the heap of witness
- Genesis 31:47 Hebrew the heap of witness
- Genesis 31:49 Mizpah means watchpost
- Genesis 31:55 Ch 32:1 in Hebrew
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The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. ESV Text Edition: 2025.
