Genesis 18
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 18
Abraham’s Visitors. 1 [a]The Lord appeared to Abraham by the oak of Mamre, as he sat in the entrance of his tent, while the day was growing hot. 2 Looking up, he saw three men standing near him. When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of the tent to greet them; and bowing to the ground,(A) 3 he said: “Sir,[b] if it please you, do not go on past your servant. 4 Let some water be brought, that you may bathe your feet, and then rest under the tree. 5 Now that you have come to your servant, let me bring you a little food, that you may refresh yourselves; and afterward you may go on your way.” “Very well,” they replied, “do as you have said.”
6 Abraham hurried into the tent to Sarah and said, “Quick, three measures[c] of bran flour! Knead it and make bread.” 7 He ran to the herd, picked out a tender, choice calf, and gave it to a servant, who quickly prepared it. 8 Then he got some curds[d] and milk, as well as the calf that had been prepared, and set these before them, waiting on them under the tree while they ate.
9 “Where is your wife Sarah?” they asked him. “There in the tent,” he replied. 10 One of them[e] said, “I will return to you about this time next year, and Sarah will then have a son.” Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent, just behind him.(B) 11 Now Abraham and Sarah were old, advanced in years, and Sarah had stopped having her menstrual periods.(C) 12 So Sarah laughed[f] to herself and said, “Now that I am worn out and my husband is old, am I still to have sexual pleasure?” 13 But the Lord said to Abraham: “Why did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Will I really bear a child, old as I am?’ 14 Is anything too marvelous for the Lord to do? At the appointed time, about this time next year, I will return to you, and Sarah will have a son.”(D) 15 Sarah lied, saying, “I did not laugh,” because she was afraid. But he said, “Yes, you did.”
Abraham Intercedes for Sodom. 16 With Abraham walking with them to see them on their way, the men set out from there and looked down toward Sodom. 17 The Lord considered: Shall I hide from Abraham what I am about to do, 18 now that he is to become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth are to find blessing in him?(E) 19 Indeed, I have singled him out that he may direct his children and his household in the future to keep the way of the Lord by doing what is right and just, so that the Lord may put into effect for Abraham the promises he made about him. 20 (F)So the Lord said: The outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is so great, and their sin so grave,[g] 21 that I must go down to see whether or not their actions are as bad as the cry against them that comes to me. I mean to find out.
22 As the men turned and walked on toward Sodom, Abraham remained standing before the Lord. 23 Then Abraham drew near and said: “Will you really sweep away the righteous with the wicked? 24 Suppose there were fifty righteous people in the city; would you really sweep away and not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people within it? 25 Far be it from you to do such a thing, to kill the righteous with the wicked, so that the righteous and the wicked are treated alike! Far be it from you! Should not the judge of all the world do what is just?”(G) 26 The Lord replied: If I find fifty righteous people in the city of Sodom, I will spare the whole place for their sake. 27 Abraham spoke up again: “See how I am presuming to speak to my Lord, though I am only dust and ashes!(H) 28 What if there are five less than fifty righteous people? Will you destroy the whole city because of those five?” I will not destroy it, he answered, if I find forty-five there. 29 But Abraham persisted, saying, “What if only forty are found there?” He replied: I will refrain from doing it for the sake of the forty. 30 Then he said, “Do not let my Lord be angry if I go on. What if only thirty are found there?” He replied: I will refrain from doing it if I can find thirty there. 31 Abraham went on, “Since I have thus presumed to speak to my Lord, what if there are no more than twenty?” I will not destroy it, he answered, for the sake of the twenty. 32 But he persisted: “Please, do not let my Lord be angry if I speak up this last time. What if ten are found there?” For the sake of the ten, he replied, I will not destroy it.(I)
33 The Lord departed as soon as he had finished speaking with Abraham, and Abraham returned home.
Footnotes
- 18:1 Chapters 18 and 19 combined form a continuous narrative, concluding the story of Abraham and his nephew Lot that began in 13:2–18. The mysterious men visit Abraham in Mamre to promise him and Sarah a child the following year (18:1–15) and then visit Lot in Sodom to investigate and then to punish the corrupt city (19:1–29). Between the two visits, Abraham questions God about the justice of punishing Sodom (18:16–33). At the end of the destruction of Sodom, there is a short narrative about Lot as the ancestor of Moab and the Ammonites (19:30–38).
- 18:3 Abraham addresses the leader of the group, whom he does not yet recognize as the Lord; in the next two verses he speaks to all three men. The other two are later (Gn 19:1) identified as angels. The shifting numbers and identification of the visitors are a narrative way of expressing the mysterious presence of God.
- 18:6 Three measures: Hebrew seah; three seahs equal one ephah, about half a bushel.
- 18:8 Curds: a type of soft cheese or yogurt.
- 18:10 One of them: i.e., the Lord.
- 18:12 Sarah laughed: a play on the verb “laugh,” which prefigures the name of Isaac; see note on 17:17.
- 18:20 The immorality of the cities was already hinted at in 13:13, when Lot made his choice to live there. The “outcry” comes from the victims of the injustice and violence rampant in the city, which will shortly be illustrated in the treatment of the visitors. The outcry of the Hebrews under the harsh treatment of Pharaoh (Ex 3:7) came up to God who reacts in anger at mistreatment of the poor (cf. Ex 22:21–23; Is 5:7). Sodom and Gomorrah became types of sinful cities in biblical literature. Is 1:9–10; 3:9 sees their sin as lack of social justice, Ez 16:46–51, as disregard for the poor, and Jer 23:14, as general immorality. In the Genesis story, the sin is violation of the sacred duty of hospitality by the threatened rape of Lot’s guests.
Genesis 18
King James Version
18 And the Lord appeared unto him in the plains of Mamre: and he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day;
2 And he lift up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground,
3 And said, My Lord, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant:
4 Let a little water, I pray you, be fetched, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree:
5 And I will fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort ye your hearts; after that ye shall pass on: for therefore are ye come to your servant. And they said, So do, as thou hast said.
6 And Abraham hastened into the tent unto Sarah, and said, Make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make cakes upon the hearth.
7 And Abraham ran unto the herd, and fetcht a calf tender and good, and gave it unto a young man; and he hasted to dress it.
8 And he took butter, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree, and they did eat.
9 And they said unto him, Where is Sarah thy wife? And he said, Behold, in the tent.
10 And he said, I will certainly return unto thee according to the time of life; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son. And Sarah heard it in the tent door, which was behind him.
11 Now Abraham and Sarah were old and well stricken in age; and it ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women.
12 Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?
13 And the Lord said unto Abraham, Wherefore did Sarah laugh, saying, Shall I of a surety bear a child, which am old?
14 Is any thing too hard for the Lord? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son.
15 Then Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she was afraid. And he said, Nay; but thou didst laugh.
16 And the men rose up from thence, and looked toward Sodom: and Abraham went with them to bring them on the way.
17 And the Lord said, Shall I hide from Abraham that thing which I do;
18 Seeing that Abraham shall surely become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed in him?
19 For I know him, that he will command his children and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the Lord, to do justice and judgment; that the Lord may bring upon Abraham that which he hath spoken of him.
20 And the Lord said, Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous;
21 I will go down now, and see whether they have done altogether according to the cry of it, which is come unto me; and if not, I will know.
22 And the men turned their faces from thence, and went toward Sodom: but Abraham stood yet before the Lord.
23 And Abraham drew near, and said, Wilt thou also destroy the righteous with the wicked?
24 Peradventure there be fifty righteous within the city: wilt thou also destroy and not spare the place for the fifty righteous that are therein?
25 That be far from thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked: and that the righteous should be as the wicked, that be far from thee: Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?
26 And the Lord said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes.
27 And Abraham answered and said, Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord, which am but dust and ashes:
28 Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty righteous: wilt thou destroy all the city for lack of five? And he said, If I find there forty and five, I will not destroy it.
29 And he spake unto him yet again, and said, Peradventure there shall be forty found there. And he said, I will not do it for forty's sake.
30 And he said unto him, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak: Peradventure there shall thirty be found there. And he said, I will not do it, if I find thirty there.
31 And he said, Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord: Peradventure there shall be twenty found there. And he said, I will not destroy it for twenty's sake.
32 And he said, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once: Peradventure ten shall be found there. And he said, I will not destroy it for ten's sake.
33 And the Lord went his way, as soon as he had left communing with Abraham: and Abraham returned unto his place.
创世记 18
Chinese New Version (Traditional)
亞伯拉罕接待天使
18 耶和華在幔利橡樹那裡，向亞伯拉罕顯現。那時，是一天中最熱的時候，亞伯拉罕正坐在帳棚門口； 2 他舉目觀看，忽然看見三個人在他對面站著；亞伯拉罕看見了，就從帳棚門口跑去迎接他們，俯伏在地， 3 說：“我主啊，我若在你眼前蒙恩，求你不要離開你的僕人。 4 讓我叫人拿點水來，你們可以洗洗腳，然後在樹下歇一歇。 5 讓我拿點餅來給你們吃，使你們可以恢復精力，然後再走，因為你們既然到了僕人這裡來，就應該這樣。”他們說：“就照著你所說的去作。” 6 亞伯拉罕趕快進帳棚，到撒拉那裡，說：“你快拿三斗細麵調和，作些餅。” 7 亞伯拉罕又跑到牛群裡，牽了一頭又嫩又好的牛犢，交給僕人；僕人就趕快去預備。 8 亞伯拉罕又拿了乳酪、奶和預備好的牛犢肉來，擺在他們面前。他們吃的時候，亞伯拉罕在樹下侍候他們。
應許撒拉生子
9 他們問亞伯拉罕：“你的妻子撒拉在哪裡？”他回答：“在帳棚裡。” 10 其中一位說：“到明年這個時候，我必回到你這裡來。那時，你的妻子撒拉必生一個兒子。”撒拉在那人後面的帳棚門口，也聽見了這話。 11 當時，亞伯拉罕和撒拉都老了，上了年紀，撒拉的月經也停止了。 12 撒拉心裡暗笑，說：“現在我已經衰老了，我的丈夫也老了，我還有房事的樂趣嗎？”
13 耶和華對亞伯拉罕說：“撒拉為甚麼暗笑說：‘我已經老了，真的還能生育嗎？’ 14 耶和華豈有難成的事嗎？到明年這個時候，我要回到你這裡來，那時，撒拉必生一個兒子。” 15 撒拉害怕起來，就否認，說：“我沒有笑。”但那位說：“不，你實在笑了。”
16 三人就從那裡起身，向著所多瑪觀望。亞伯拉罕與他們同行，要送他們一程。 17 耶和華說：“我要作的事，豈可瞞著亞伯拉罕呢？ 18 亞伯拉罕必要成為強大興盛的國，地上的萬國，都必因他得福。 19 我揀選了他（“揀選”直譯是“認識”），是要他吩咐子孫，和他的家屬，遵守我耶和華的道，秉公行義，好叫我耶和華應許亞伯拉罕的話都可實現。”
神要毀滅所多瑪和蛾摩拉
20 耶和華說：“控告所多瑪和蛾摩拉的聲音甚大，他們的罪惡極重。 21 我現在要下去，看看他們所行的，是不是全像那聲聞於我的控告；如果不是，我也會知道的。”
亞伯拉罕為所多瑪祈求
22 其中二人從那裡動身，向所多瑪走去，亞伯拉罕卻仍然站在耶和華面前。 23 亞伯拉罕上前說：“你真的要把義人和惡人一同除滅嗎？ 24 假如城中有五十個義人，你還真的要除滅那地方，不為城裡的五十個義人而赦免那地方嗎？ 25 你絕不會作這樣的事：把義人與惡人一同殺死，把義人和惡人一樣看待，你絕不會這樣！審判全地的主，豈可不行公義嗎？” 26 耶和華說：“我若在所多瑪城中找到五十個義人，我就因他們的緣故，赦免那地方所有的人。” 27 亞伯拉罕回答，說：“我雖然是灰塵，還大膽地對我主說話。 28 假如這五十個義人中缺少了五個，你會因為缺少了五個就毀滅全城嗎？”他說：“我若在那裡找到四十五個，我也不會毀滅那城。” 29 亞伯拉罕再問他說：“假如在那裡找到四十個呢？”他回答：“我因這四十個的緣故，也不這樣作。” 30 亞伯拉罕說：“請我主不要動怒，容我再問：‘假如在那裡找到三十個呢？’”他回答：“我若在那裡找到三十個，也不這樣作。” 31 亞伯拉罕說：“我再大膽地對我主說，假如在那裡找到二十個呢？”他回答：“我因這二十個的緣故，也不毀滅那城。” 32 亞伯拉罕說：“請我主不要動怒，容我問這最後的一次，假如在那裡找到十個呢？”他回答：“我因這十個的緣故，也不毀滅那城。” 33 耶和華與亞伯拉罕說完了話，就走了；亞伯拉罕也回到自己的地方去了。
Scripture texts, prefaces, introductions, footnotes and cross references used in this work are taken from the New American Bible, revised edition © 2010, 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc., Washington, DC All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.
Chinese New Version (CNV). Copyright © 1976, 1992, 1999, 2001, 2005 by Worldwide Bible Society.
