Genesis 10:22

New English Translation

²²The sons of Shem were Elam,^[a] Asshur,^[b] Arphaxad,^[c] Lud,^[d] and Aram.^[e]

Genesis 10:22 sn The Hebrew name Elam (עֵילָם, ʿelam) means “highland.” The Elamites were a non-Semitic people who lived east of Babylon.
Genesis 10:22 sn Asshur is the name for the Assyrians. Asshur was the region in which Nimrod expanded his power (see v. 11, where the name is also mentioned). When names appear in both sections of a genealogical list, it probably means that there were both Hamites and Shemites living in that region in antiquity, especially if the name is a place name.
Genesis 10:22 sn The descendants of Arphaxad may have lived northeast of Nineveh.
Genesis 10:22 sn Lud may have been the ancestor of the Ludbu, who lived near the Tigris River.
Genesis 10:22 sn Aram became the collective name of the northern tribes living in the steppes of Mesopotamia and speaking Aramaic dialects.

1 Chronicles 1:17

New English Translation

¹⁷The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.

The sons of Aram:^[a] Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.^[b]

1 Chronicles 1:17 tc The words “the sons of Aram” do not appear in the Hebrew text. Apparently the phrase וּבְנֵי אֲרָם (uv^ene ʾaram) has accidentally dropped out of the text by homoioteleuton (note the presence of אֲרָם just before this). The phrase is included in Gen 10:23.
1 Chronicles 1:17 tc The MT of the parallel geneaology in Gen 10:23 reads “Mash,” but the LXX there reads “Meshech” in agreement with 1 Chr 1:17.

New English Translation (NET)