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49 Jacob called to his sons, and said: “Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you that which will happen to you in the days to come.

Assemble yourselves, and hear, you sons of Jacob.
    Listen to Israel, your father.

“Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength,
    excelling in dignity, and excelling in power.
Boiling over like water, you shall not excel,
    because you went up to your father’s bed,
    then defiled it. He went up to my couch.

“Simeon and Levi are brothers.
    Their swords are weapons of violence.
My soul, don’t come into their council.
    My glory, don’t be united to their assembly;
for in their anger they killed men.
    In their self-will they hamstrung cattle.
Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce;
    and their wrath, for it was cruel.
I will divide them in Jacob,
    and scatter them in Israel.

“Judah, your brothers will praise you.
    Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies.
    Your father’s sons will bow down before you.
Judah is a lion’s cub.
    From the prey, my son, you have gone up.
He stooped down, he crouched as a lion,
    as a lioness.
    Who will rouse him up?
10 The scepter will not depart from Judah,
    nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,
until he comes to whom it belongs.
    The obedience of the peoples will be to him.
11 Binding his foal to the vine,
    his donkey’s colt to the choice vine,
he has washed his garments in wine,
    his robes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes will be red with wine,
    his teeth white with milk.

13 “Zebulun will dwell at the haven of the sea.
    He will be for a haven of ships.
    His border will be on Sidon.

14 “Issachar is a strong donkey,
    lying down between the saddlebags.
15 He saw a resting place, that it was good,
    the land, that it was pleasant.
He bows his shoulder to the burden,
    and becomes a servant doing forced labor.

16 “Dan will judge his people,
    as one of the tribes of Israel.
17 Dan will be a serpent on the trail,
    an adder in the path,
that bites the horse’s heels,
    so that his rider falls backward.
18 I have waited for your salvation, Yahweh.

19 “A troop will press on Gad,
    but he will press on their heel.

20 “Asher’s food will be rich.
    He will produce royal dainties.

21 “Naphtali is a doe set free,
    who bears beautiful fawns.

22 “Joseph is a fruitful vine,
    a fruitful vine by a spring.
    His branches run over the wall.
23 The archers have severely grieved him,
    shot at him, and persecuted him:
24 But his bow remained strong.
    The arms of his hands were made strong,
    by the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob,
    (from there is the shepherd, the stone of Israel),
25 even by the God of your father, who will help you,
    by the Almighty, who will bless you,
with blessings of heaven above,
    blessings of the deep that lies below,
    blessings of the breasts, and of the womb.
26 The blessings of your father have prevailed above the blessings of your ancestors,
    above the boundaries of the ancient hills.
They will be on the head of Joseph,
    on the crown of the head of him who is separated from his brothers.

27 “Benjamin is a ravenous wolf.
    In the morning he will devour the prey.
    At evening he will divide the plunder.”

28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father spoke to them, and blessed them. He blessed everyone according to his own blessing. 29 He instructed them, and said to them, “I am to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite, 30 in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field from Ephron the Hittite as a burial place. 31 There they buried Abraham and Sarah, his wife. There they buried Isaac and Rebekah, his wife, and there I buried Leah: 32 the field and the cave that is therein, which was purchased from the children of Heth.” 33 When Jacob finished charging his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, breathed his last breath, and was gathered to his people.

Jacob Blesses His Sons(A)

49 Jacob called to his sons and said, “Gather yourselves together, so that I may tell you what will befall you in the last days.

Gather yourselves together and hear, sons of Jacob,
    and listen to your father Israel.

Reuben, you are my firstborn,
    my might and the beginning of my strength,
    the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power.
Unstable as water, you shall not excel,
    because you went up to your father’s bed;
    then you defiled it—he went up to my couch.

Simeon and Levi are brothers;
    weapons of violence are their swords.
Let my soul not enter into their council;
    let my glory not be united with their assembly;
for in their anger they killed men
    and in their self-will they hamstrung oxen.
Cursed be their anger, for it is fierce;
    and their wrath, for it is cruel!
I will divide them in Jacob
    and scatter them in Israel.

Judah, your brothers shall praise you;
    your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies;
    your father’s sons will bow down before you.
Judah is a lion’s cub;
    from the prey, my son, you have gone up.
He crouches and lies down like a lion;
    and as a lion, who dares rouse him?
10 The scepter shall not depart from Judah,
    nor a lawgiver from between his feet,
until Shiloh comes;
    and to him will be the obedience of the people.
11 He tethers his foal to the vine,
    and his colt to the choicest vine;
he washes his garments in wine,
    his clothes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes are darker than wine,
    and his teeth whiter than milk.

13 Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea;
    and he shall be a haven of ships.
    His border shall be at Sidon.

14 Issachar is a strong donkey,
    lying down between two burdens;
15 he saw that a resting place was good,
    and that the land was pleasant;
so he bowed his shoulder to bear the burden
    and became a slave to forced labor.

16 Dan shall judge his people
    as one of the tribes of Israel.
17 Dan shall be a serpent by the road,
    a viper on the path,
that bites the horse’s heels
    so that its rider will fall backward.

18 I wait for Your salvation, O Lord!

19 Gad shall be attacked by raiding bands,
    but he shall raid at their heels.

20 Asher’s food shall be rich,
    and he shall yield royal delicacies.

21 Naphtali is a doe set loose;
    he gives beautiful words.

22 Joseph is a fruitful bough,
    a fruitful bough by a spring,
    whose branches run over the wall.
23 The archers bitterly attacked him,
    they shot at him and hated him.
24 But his bow remained firm.
    His arms were agile
because of the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob,
    because of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,
25 because of the God of your father who will help you,
    and by the Almighty who will bless you
with blessings from heaven above,
    blessings from the deep that lies beneath,
    the blessings of the breasts and the womb.
26 The blessings of your father have surpassed
    the blessings of my fathers,
    up to the utmost bound of the everlasting hills.
They will be on the head of Joseph,
    and on the crown of the head of him who was set apart from his brothers.

27 Benjamin is a ravenous wolf;
    in the morning he devours the prey,
    and at night he divides the spoil.”

28 These are all the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them. He blessed them, each with the blessing appropriate to him.

The Death of Jacob

29 Then he charged them and said to them, “I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite, 30 in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought along with the field from Ephron the Hittite as a burial place. 31 They buried Abraham and Sarah his wife there. They buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife there, and I buried Leah there. 32 The field and the cave that is there were purchased from the children of Heth.”

33 When Jacob finished instructing his sons, he drew his feet into the bed, breathed his last, and was gathered to his people.