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The Creation

In the beginning God ([a]Elohim) [b]created [by forming from nothing] the heavens and the earth.(A) The earth was [c]formless and void or a waste and emptiness, and darkness was upon the face of the deep [primeval ocean that covered the unformed earth]. The Spirit of God was moving (hovering, brooding) over the face of the waters. And God said, [d]“Let there be light”; and there was light. God saw that the light was good (pleasing, useful) and [e]He affirmed and sustained it; and God separated the light [distinguishing it] from the darkness.(B) And God called the light day, and the darkness He called night. And there was [f]evening and there was [g]morning, one day.

And God said, “Let there be an [h]expanse [of the sky] in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters [below the expanse] from the waters [above the expanse].” And God made the expanse [of sky] and separated the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse; and it was so [just as He commanded]. God called the expanse [of sky] heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Then God said, “Let the waters below the heavens be gathered into one place [of standing, pooling together], and let the dry land appear”; and it was so. 10 God called the dry land earth, and the gathering of the waters He called seas; and God saw that this was good (pleasing, useful) and He affirmed and sustained it. 11 So God said, “Let the earth sprout [tender] [i]vegetation, [j]plants yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit according to (limited to, consistent with) their kind, whose seed is in them upon the earth”; and it was so. 12 The earth sprouted and abundantly produced vegetation, plants yielding seed according to their kind, and trees bearing fruit with seed in them, according to their kind; and God saw that it was good and He affirmed and sustained it. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day.

14 Then God said, “Let there be light-bearers (sun, moon, stars) in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night, and let them be useful for signs (tokens) [of God’s provident care], and for marking seasons, days, and years;(C) 15 and let them be useful as lights in the expanse of the heavens to provide light on the earth”; and it was so, [just as He commanded]. 16 God made the two great lights—the greater light (the sun) to rule the day, and the lesser light (the moon) to rule the night; He made the [galaxies of] stars also [that is, all the amazing wonders in the heavens]. 17 God placed them in the expanse of the heavens to provide light upon the earth, 18 to rule over the day and the night, and to separate the light from the darkness; and God saw that it was good and He affirmed and sustained it. 19 And there was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.

20 Then God said, “Let the waters swarm and abundantly produce living creatures, and let birds soar above the earth [k]in the open expanse of the heavens.” 21 God created the great sea monsters and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarmed according to their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind; and God saw that it was good and He affirmed and sustained it. 22 And God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth.” 23 And there was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.

24 Then God said, “Let the earth bring forth living creatures according to (limited to, consistent with) their kind: livestock, crawling things, and wild animals of the earth according to their kinds”; and it was so [because He had spoken them into creation]. 25 So God made the wild animals of the earth according to their kind, and the cattle according to their kind, and everything that creeps and crawls on the earth according to its kind; and God saw that it was good (pleasing, useful) and He affirmed and sustained it.

26 Then God said, “Let Us (Father, Son, Holy Spirit) make man in Our image, according to Our likeness [not physical, but a spiritual personality and moral likeness]; and let them have complete authority over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, the cattle, and over the entire earth, and over everything that creeps and crawls on the earth.”(D) 27 So God created man in His own image, in the image and likeness of God He created him; male and female He created them.(E) 28 And God blessed them [granting them certain authority] and said to them, “Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth, and subjugate it [putting it under your power]; and rule over (dominate) the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, and every living thing that moves upon the earth.” 29 So God said, “Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the surface of the entire earth, and every tree which has fruit yielding seed; it shall be food for you; 30 and to all the animals on the earth and to every bird of the air and to everything that moves on the ground—to everything in which there is the breath of life—I have given every green plant for food”; and it was so [because He commanded it]. 31 God saw everything that He had made, and behold, it was very good and He validated it completely. And there was evening and there was morning, a sixth day.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 1:1 This is originally a plural form based on el (root meaning: strength), which itself is used to refer to God in compounds like El Shaddai (Almighty God). The word el is also used to refer to false gods, so the context determines whether Elohim means “God” or is better understood as “gods” (elohim).
  2. Genesis 1:1 Heb bara. Here and in 1:21, God created from nothing which is something only He can do. In 1:27, God used preexisting materials (man from the dust of the ground; Eve from Adam’s rib); each use of the word bara (“create”) must be considered in its specific context.
  3. Genesis 1:2 The Hebrew text here has two rhyming words, tohu and bohu, which have similar meanings of “wasteness” and “emptiness.” The construction is a figure of speech called hendiadys, in which two words are used together to express the same idea. The meaning is that the earth had no clearly discernible features at this point in creation but essentially was a mass of raw materials. This proves to be very important from philosophical and scientific viewpoints, because it documents the fact that the raw matter of the earth—and by extension, of the universe—did not coexist eternally with God, but was created by Him ex nihilo (Latin “out of nothing”).
  4. Genesis 1:3 This is not in the imperative mood (the ordinary grammatical form for a command), but God willed these creative events into existence. It is the voluntative mood in Hebrew. This translates, “It is My will that this happen.” English does not have the voluntative mood, which includes the jussive and cohortative forms. When “let” is used in this way, it represents a command not in the imperative mood, but rather an expression of God’s will, the jussive form. God literally commanded (willed) the world into existence.
  5. Genesis 1:4 “He affirmed and sustained it” is understood (deduced) from the context. The italic “and” alerts the reader or student of Hebrew that the word or words that follow are amplifications not found in the Hebrew text itself, but implied by it or by contextual factors.
  6. Genesis 1:5 The Hebrew word translated “evening” indicates dusk or sunset.
  7. Genesis 1:5 The Hebrew word translated “morning” indicates the time when it is getting light (dawn).
  8. Genesis 1:6 Or a firmament.
  9. Genesis 1:11 Or grass.
  10. Genesis 1:11 Or herbs.
  11. Genesis 1:20 Lit over the face of.

In the beginning God (prepared, formed, fashioned, and) created the heavens and the earth.(A)

The earth was without form and an empty waste, and darkness was upon the face of the very great deep. The Spirit of God was moving (hovering, brooding) over the face of the waters.

And God said, Let there be light; and there was light.

And God saw that the light was good (suitable, pleasant) and He approved it; and God separated the light from the darkness.(B)

And God called the light Day, and the darkness He called Night. And there was evening and there was morning, one day.

And God said, Let there be a firmament [the expanse of the sky] in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters [below] from the waters [above].

And God made the firmament [the expanse] and separated the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse. And it was so.

And God called the firmament Heavens. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

And God said, Let the waters under the heavens be collected into one place [of standing], and let the dry land appear. And it was so.

10 God called the dry land Earth, and the accumulated waters He called Seas. And God saw that this was good (fitting, admirable) and He approved it.

11 And God said, Let the earth put forth [tender] vegetation: plants yielding seed and fruit trees yielding fruit whose seed is in itself, each according to its kind, upon the earth. And it was so.

12 The earth brought forth vegetation: plants yielding seed according to their own kinds and trees bearing fruit in which was their seed, each according to its kind. And God saw that it was good (suitable, admirable) and He approved it.

13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day.

14 And God said, Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night, and let them be signs and tokens [of God’s provident care], and [to mark] seasons, days, and years,(C)

15 And let them be lights in the expanse of the sky to give light upon the earth. And it was so.

16 And God made the two great lights—the greater light (the sun) to rule the day and the lesser light (the moon) to rule the night. He also made the stars.

17 And God set them in the expanse of the heavens to give light upon the earth,

18 To rule over the day and over the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. And God saw that it was good (fitting, pleasant) and He approved it.

19 And there was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.

20 And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly and swarm with living creatures, and let birds fly over the earth in the open expanse of the heavens.

21 God created the great sea monsters and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought forth abundantly, according to their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good (suitable, admirable) and He approved it.

22 And God blessed them, saying, Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let the fowl multiply in the earth.

23 And there was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.

24 And God said, Let the earth bring forth living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creeping things, and [wild] beasts of the earth according to their kinds. And it was so.

25 And God made the [wild] beasts of the earth according to their kinds, and domestic animals according to their kinds, and everything that creeps upon the earth according to its kind. And God saw that it was good (fitting, pleasant) and He approved it.

26 God said, Let Us [Father, Son, and Holy Spirit] make mankind in Our image, after Our likeness, and let them have complete authority over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, the [tame] beasts, and over all of the earth, and over everything that creeps upon the earth.(D)

27 So God created man in His own image, in the image and likeness of God He created him; male and female He created them.(E)

28 And God blessed them and said to them, Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it [using all its vast resources in the service of God and man]; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, and over every living creature that moves upon the earth.

29 And God said, See, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the land and every tree with seed in its fruit; you shall have them for food.

30 And to all the animals on the earth and to every bird of the air and to everything that creeps on the ground—to everything in which there is the breath of life—I have given every green plant for food. And it was so.

31 And God saw everything that He had made, and behold, it was very good (suitable, pleasant) and He approved it completely. And there was evening and there was morning, a sixth day.

The Beginning of the World

·In the beginning [or In the beginning when] God created [C this Hebrew verb is used only when God is the one creating] the ·sky [heavens] and the earth. ·The [or…the] earth ·had no form and was empty [or was a formless void]. Darkness covered the ·ocean [deep], and ·God’s Spirit [or a mighty wind] was ·moving [hovering] over the water.

Then God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. God saw that the light was good, so he ·divided [separated] the light from the darkness. God ·named [called] the light “day” and the darkness “night.” ·Evening passed, and morning came [L There was evening and there was morning; C in the OT a day begins at nightfall]. This was the first day.

Then God said, “Let there be ·something to divide the water in two [L a firmament/dome/expanse in the midst of the waters to separate/divide the waters from the waters].” So God made the ·air [L firmament; dome; expanse; C rain clouds] and placed some of the water above the ·air [L firmament; dome; expanse] and some below it [C referring to the rain and the oceans, lakes, and rivers]. God ·named [called] the ·air [L firmament/dome/expanse] “·sky [heaven].” Evening passed, and morning came [1:5]. This was the second day.

Then God said, “Let the water under the ·sky [heavens] be gathered together so the dry land will appear.” And it happened. 10 God ·named [called] the dry land “earth” and [L he called] the water that was gathered together “seas.” God saw that this was good.

11 Then God said, “Let the earth produce ·plants [vegetation]—some to make grain for seeds and ·others to make fruits with seeds in them. Every seed will produce more of its own kind of plant [L fruit trees on earth bearing fruit according to its own kind/species that has seed in them].” And it happened. 12 The earth ·produced [brought forth] plants with grain for seeds and trees that made fruits with seeds in them. ·Each seed grew its own kind of plant [L …according to its kind/species]. God saw that all this was good. 13 Evening passed, and morning came [1:5]. This was the third day.

14 Then God said, “Let there be lights in the ·sky [L firmament/dome/expanse of the heavens] to ·separate [divide] day from night. ·These lights will be used for [L They will be] signs, seasons, days, and years. 15 They will be in the ·sky [L firmament/dome/expanse] to give light to the earth.” And it happened.

16 So God made the two ·large [great] lights. He made the ·brighter [L greater] light to rule the day and made the ·smaller [lesser] light to rule the night. ·He also made the stars [L …and the stars]. 17 God put all these in the sky to shine on the earth, 18 to rule over the day and over the night, and to ·separate [divide] the light from the darkness. God saw that all these things were good. 19 Evening passed, and morning came [1:5]. This was the fourth day.

20 Then God said, “Let the water ·be filled with living things [L swarm with living creatures], and let birds fly in the ·air [L firmament/dome/expanse] above the earth.”

21 So God created [1:1] the large sea ·animals [or monsters] and every living thing that ·moves [L swarms] in the sea. The sea is filled with these living things, with each one ·producing more of its own kind [L according to its kind/species]. He also ·made [or created; 1:1] every bird that flies, and each bird ·produced more of its own kind [L according to its kind/species]. God saw that this was good. 22 God blessed them and said, “·Have many young ones so that you may grow in number [T Be fruitful and multiply]. ·Fill […and fill] the water of the seas, and let the birds ·grow in number [multiply] on the earth.” 23 Evening passed, and morning came [1:5]. This was the fifth day.

24 Then God said, “Let the earth be filled with ·animals [living creatures], ·each producing more of its own kind [L according to their kind/species]. Let there be ·tame animals [beasts; livestock] and small crawling animals and wild animals, ·and let each produce more of its kind [L according to their kind/species].” And it happened.

25 So God made the wild animals, the ·tame animals [beasts; livestock], and all the small crawling animals ·to produce more of their own kind [L according to their kind/species]. God saw that this was good.

26 Then God said, “Let us make human beings in our image and likeness. And let them ·rule [T have dominion] over the fish in the sea and the birds in the ·sky [heavens], over the ·tame animals [beasts; livestock], over all the earth, and over all the small crawling animals on the earth.”

27 So God created [1:1] ·human beings [T man; C the Hebrew adam can mean human beings, humankind, person, man, or the proper name Adam] in his image [C reflecting God’s nature/character and representing him in the world]. In the image of God he created them. He created them male and female. 28 God blessed them and said [L to them], “·Have many children and grow in number [T Be fruitful and multiply]. ·Fill […and fill] the earth and ·be its master [subdue it]. ·Rule [T Have dominion] over the fish in the sea and over the birds in the ·sky [heavens] and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”

29 God said, “Look, I have given you all the plants that have grain for seeds [L on the face of the earth] and all the trees whose fruits have seeds in them. They will be food for you. 30 I have given all the green plants as food for every wild animal, every bird of the ·air [sky; heavens], and every small ·crawling [creeping] animal.” And it happened. 31 God looked at everything he had made, and it was ·very [exceedingly] good. Evening passed, and morning came [1:5]. This was the sixth day.

O Princípio

No princípio Deus criou os céus e a terra.[a]

Era a terra sem forma e vazia; trevas cobriam a face do abismo, e o Espírito de Deus se movia sobre a face das águas.

Disse Deus: “Haja luz”, e houve luz. Deus viu que a luz era boa, e separou a luz das trevas. Deus chamou à luz dia, e às trevas chamou noite. Passaram-se a tarde e a manhã; esse foi o primeiro dia.

Depois disse Deus: “Haja entre as águas um firmamento que separe águas de águas”. Então Deus fez o firmamento e separou as águas que ficaram abaixo do firmamento das que ficaram por cima. E assim foi. Ao firmamento Deus chamou céu. Passaram-se a tarde e a manhã; esse foi o segundo dia.

E disse Deus: “Ajuntem-se num só lugar as águas que estão debaixo do céu, e apareça a parte seca”. E assim foi. 10 À parte seca Deus chamou terra, e chamou mares ao conjunto das águas. E Deus viu que ficou bom.

11 Então disse Deus: “Cubra-se a terra de vegetação: plantas que dêem sementes e árvores cujos frutos produzam sementes de acordo com as suas espécies”. E assim foi. 12 A terra fez brotar a vegetação: plantas que dão sementes de acordo com as suas espécies, e árvores cujos frutos produzem sementes de acordo com as suas espécies. E Deus viu que ficou bom. 13 Passaram-se a tarde e a manhã; esse foi o terceiro dia.

14 Disse Deus: “Haja luminares no firmamento do céu para separar o dia da noite. Sirvam eles de sinais para marcar estações, dias e anos, 15 e sirvam de luminares no firmamento do céu para iluminar a terra”. E assim foi. 16 Deus fez os dois grandes luminares: o maior para governar o dia e o menor para governar a noite; fez também as estrelas. 17 Deus os colocou no firmamento do céu para iluminar a terra, 18 governar o dia e a noite, e separar a luz das trevas. E Deus viu que ficou bom. 19 Passaram-se a tarde e a manhã; esse foi o quarto dia.

20 Disse também Deus: “Encham-se as águas de seres vivos, e voem as aves sobre a terra, sob o firmamento do céu”. 21 Assim Deus criou os grandes animais aquáticos e os demais seres vivos que povoam as águas, de acordo com as suas espécies; e todas as aves, de acordo com as suas espécies. E Deus viu que ficou bom. 22 Então Deus os abençoou, dizendo: “Sejam férteis e multipliquem-se! Encham as águas dos mares! E multipliquem-se as aves na terra”. 23 Passaram-se a tarde e a manhã; esse foi o quinto dia.

24 E disse Deus: “Produza a terra seres vivos de acordo com as suas espécies: rebanhos domésticos, animais selvagens e os demais seres vivos da terra, cada um de acordo com a sua espécie”. E assim foi. 25 Deus fez os animais selvagens de acordo com as suas espécies, os rebanhos domésticos de acordo com as suas espécies, e os demais seres vivos da terra de acordo com as suas espécies. E Deus viu que ficou bom.

26 Então disse Deus: “Façamos o homem à nossa imagem, conforme a nossa semelhança. Domine ele[b] sobre os peixes do mar, sobre as aves do céu, sobre os grandes animais de toda a terra[c] e sobre todos os pequenos animais que se movem rente ao chão”.

27 Criou Deus o homem à sua imagem,
à imagem de Deus o criou;
homem e mulher[d] os criou.

28 Deus os abençoou, e lhes disse: “Sejam férteis e multipliquem-se! Encham e subjuguem a terra! Dominem sobre os peixes do mar, sobre as aves do céu e sobre todos os animais que se movem pela terra”.

29 Disse Deus: “Eis que lhes dou todas as plantas que nascem em toda a terra e produzem sementes, e todas as árvores que dão frutos com sementes. Elas servirão de alimento para vocês. 30 E dou todos os vegetais como alimento a tudo o que tem em si fôlego de vida: a todos os grandes animais da terra[e], a todas as aves do céu e a todas as criaturas que se movem rente ao chão”. E assim foi.

31 E Deus viu tudo o que havia feito, e tudo havia ficado muito bom. Passaram-se a tarde e a manhã; esse foi o sexto dia.

Footnotes

  1. 1.1-3 Ou Quando Deus começou a criar os céus e a terra sendo a terra ..., disse Deus: ...
  2. 1.26 Hebraico: Dominem eles.
  3. 1.26 A Versão Siríaca diz sobre todos os animais selvagens da terra.
  4. 1.27 Hebraico: macho e fêmea.
  5. 1.30 Ou os animais selvagens

A criação

No princípio, Deus criou os céus e a terra.[a] A terra era sem forma e vazia, a escuridão cobria as águas profundas, e o Espírito de Deus se movia sobre a superfície das águas.

Então Deus disse: “Haja luz”, e houve luz. E Deus viu que a luz era boa, e separou a luz da escuridão. Deus chamou a luz de “dia” e a escuridão de “noite”.

A noite passou e veio a manhã, encerrando o primeiro dia.

Então Deus disse: “Haja um espaço entre as águas, para separar as águas dos céus das águas da terra”. E assim aconteceu. Deus criou um espaço para separar as águas da terra das águas dos céus. Deus chamou o espaço de “céu”.

A noite passou e veio a manhã, encerrando o segundo dia.

Então Deus disse: “Juntem-se as águas que estão debaixo do céu num só lugar, para que apareça uma parte seca”. E assim aconteceu. 10 Deus chamou a parte seca de “terra” e as águas de “mares”. E Deus viu que isso era bom. 11 Então Deus disse: “Produza a terra vegetação: toda espécie de plantas com sementes e árvores que dão frutos com sementes. As sementes produzirão plantas e árvores, cada uma conforme a sua espécie”. E assim aconteceu. 12 A terra produziu vegetação: toda espécie de plantas com sementes e árvores que dão frutos com sementes. As sementes produziram plantas e árvores, cada uma conforme a sua espécie. E Deus viu que isso era bom.

13 A noite passou e veio a manhã, encerrando o terceiro dia.

14 Então Deus disse: “Haja luzes no céu para separar o dia da noite e marcar as estações, os dias e os anos. 15 Que essas luzes brilhem no céu para iluminar a terra”. E assim aconteceu. 16 Deus criou duas grandes luzes: a maior para governar o dia e a menor para governar a noite, e criou também as estrelas. 17 Deus colocou essas luzes no céu para iluminar a terra, 18 para governar o dia e a noite e para separar a luz da escuridão. E Deus viu que isso era bom.

19 A noite passou e veio a manhã, encerrando o quarto dia.

20 Então Deus disse: “Encham-se as águas de seres vivos, e voem as aves no céu acima da terra”. 21 Assim, Deus criou os grandes animais marinhos e todos os seres vivos que se movem em grande número pelas águas, bem como uma grande variedade de aves, cada um conforme a sua espécie. E Deus viu que isso era bom. 22 Então Deus os abençoou: “Sejam férteis e multipliquem-se. Que os seres encham os mares e as aves se multipliquem na terra”.

23 A noite passou e veio a manhã, encerrando o quinto dia.

24 Então Deus disse: “Produza a terra grande variedade de animais, cada um conforme a sua espécie: animais domésticos, animais que rastejam pelo chão e animais selvagens”. E assim aconteceu. 25 Deus criou grande variedade de animais selvagens, animais domésticos e animais que rastejam pelo chão, cada um conforme a sua espécie. E Deus viu que isso era bom.

26 Então Deus disse: “Façamos o ser humano[b] à nossa imagem; ele será semelhante a nós. Dominará sobre os peixes do mar, sobre as aves do céu, sobre os animais domésticos, sobre todos os animais selvagens da terra[c] e sobre os animais que rastejam pelo chão”.

27 Assim, Deus criou os seres humanos[d] à sua própria imagem,
à imagem de Deus os criou;
homem e mulher[e] os criou.

28 Então Deus os abençoou e disse: “Sejam férteis e multipliquem-se. Encham e governem a terra. Dominem sobre os peixes do mar, sobre as aves do céu e sobre todos os animais que rastejam pelo chão”.

29 Então Deus disse: “Vejam! Eu lhes dou todas as plantas com sementes em toda a terra e todas as árvores frutíferas, para que lhes sirvam de alimento. 30 E dou todas as plantas verdes como alimento a todos os seres vivos: aos animais selvagens, às aves do céu e aos animais que rastejam pelo chão”. E assim aconteceu.

31 Então Deus olhou para tudo que havia feito e viu que era muito bom.

A noite passou e veio a manhã, encerrando o sexto dia.

Footnotes

  1. 1.1 Ou No princípio, quando Deus criou os céus e a terra…; ou Quando Deus começou a criar os céus e a terra …
  2. 1.26a Ou homem; o hebraico traz adam.
  3. 1.26b Conforme a versão siríaca; o hebraico traz sobre toda a terra.
  4. 1.27a Ou o homem; o hebraico traz ha-adam.
  5. 1.27b Em hebraico, macho e fêmea.