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Il peccato di Adamo e la prima promessa

(A)Il serpente era il più astuto di tutti gli animali dei campi che Dio il Signore aveva fatti. Esso disse alla donna: «Come! Dio vi ha detto di non mangiare da nessun albero del giardino?» La donna rispose al serpente: «Del frutto degli alberi del giardino ne possiamo mangiare; ma del frutto dell’albero che è in mezzo al giardino Dio ha detto: “Non ne mangiate e non lo toccate, altrimenti morirete”». Il serpente disse alla donna: «No, non morirete affatto; ma Dio sa che nel giorno che ne mangerete, i vostri occhi si apriranno e sarete come Dio[a], avendo la conoscenza del bene e del male».

La donna osservò che l’albero era buono per nutrirsi, che era bello da vedere e che l’albero era desiderabile per acquistare conoscenza; prese del frutto, ne mangiò e ne diede anche a suo marito, che era con lei, ed egli ne mangiò.

(B)Allora si aprirono gli occhi ad entrambi e si accorsero che erano nudi; unirono delle foglie di fico e se ne fecero delle cinture. Poi udirono la voce[b] di Dio il Signore, il quale camminava nel giardino sul far della sera; e l’uomo e sua moglie si nascosero dalla presenza di Dio il Signore fra gli alberi del giardino.

Dio il Signore chiamò l’uomo e gli disse: «Dove sei?» 10 Egli rispose: «Ho udito la tua voce nel giardino e ho avuto paura, perché ero nudo, e mi sono nascosto». 11 Dio disse: «Chi ti ha mostrato che eri nudo? Hai forse mangiato del frutto dell’albero che ti avevo comandato di non mangiare?» 12 L’uomo rispose: «La donna che tu mi hai messa accanto, è lei che mi ha dato del frutto[c] dell’albero, e io ne ho mangiato». 13 Dio il Signore disse alla donna: «Perché hai fatto questo?» La donna rispose: «Il serpente mi ha ingannata e io ne ho mangiato».

14 Allora Dio il Signore disse al serpente: «Poiché hai fatto questo, sarai il maledetto fra tutto il bestiame e fra tutte le bestie selvatiche! Tu camminerai sul tuo ventre e mangerai polvere tutti i giorni della tua vita. 15 Io porrò inimicizia fra te e la donna, e fra la tua progenie e la progenie di lei; questa progenie ti schiaccerà il capo e tu le ferirai il calcagno». 16 Alla donna disse: «Io moltiplicherò grandemente le tue pene e i dolori della tua gravidanza; con dolore partorirai figli; i tuoi desideri si volgeranno verso tuo marito ed egli dominerà su di te». 17 Ad Adamo disse: «Poiché hai dato ascolto alla voce di tua moglie e hai mangiato del frutto[d] dall’albero circa il quale io ti avevo ordinato di non mangiarne, il suolo sarà maledetto per causa tua; ne mangerai il frutto con affanno tutti i giorni della tua vita. 18 Esso ti produrrà spine e rovi, e tu mangerai l’erba dei campi; 19 mangerai il pane con il sudore del tuo volto, finché tu ritorni nella terra da cui fosti tratto; perché sei polvere e in polvere ritornerai».

20 L’uomo chiamò sua moglie Eva[e], perché è stata la madre di tutti i viventi. 21 Dio il Signore fece ad Adamo e a sua moglie delle tuniche di pelle, e li vestì.

22 Poi Dio il Signore disse: «Ecco, l’uomo è diventato come uno di noi, quanto alla conoscenza del bene e del male. Guardiamo che egli non stenda la mano e prenda anche del frutto dell’albero della vita, ne mangi e viva per sempre». 23 Perciò Dio il Signore mandò via l’uomo dal giardino di Eden, perché lavorasse la terra da cui era stato tratto. 24 Così egli scacciò l’uomo e pose a oriente del giardino di Eden i cherubini, che vibravano da ogni parte una spada fiammeggiante, per custodire la via dell’albero della vita.

Footnotes

  1. Genesi 3:5 Come Dio, altri traducono: come dèi.
  2. Genesi 3:8 La voce, altri intendono rumore (dei passi) o fruscio del Signore che cammina in mezzo alla vegetazione.
  3. Genesi 3:12 Frutto, questa parola manca nel testo ebraico.
  4. Genesi 3:17 Frutto, questa parola manca nel testo ebraico.
  5. Genesi 3:20 Eva, ebr. Chawwah, lett. vita.

Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the Lord God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?

And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:

But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.

And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:

For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.

And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.

And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.

And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden.

And the Lord God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou?

10 And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.

11 And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?

12 And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat.

13 And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.

14 And the Lord God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life:

15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.

16 Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.

17 And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life;

18 Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field;

19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.

20 And Adam called his wife's name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.

21 Unto Adam also and to his wife did the Lord God make coats of skins, and clothed them.

22 And the Lord God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever:

23 Therefore the Lord God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken.

24 So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.

Now the serpent was more subtle than any animal of the field which Yahweh God had made. He said to the woman, “Has God really said, ‘You shall not eat of any tree of the garden’?”

The woman said to the serpent, “We may eat fruit from the trees of the garden, but not the fruit of the tree which is in the middle of the garden. God has said, ‘You shall not eat of it. You shall not touch it, lest you die.’”

The serpent said to the woman, “You won’t really die, for God knows that in the day you eat it, your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.”

When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took some of its fruit, and ate. Then she gave some to her husband with her, and he ate it, too. Their eyes were opened, and they both knew that they were naked. They sewed fig leaves together, and made coverings for themselves. They heard Yahweh God’s voice walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Yahweh God among the trees of the garden.

Yahweh God called to the man, and said to him, “Where are you?”

10 The man said, “I heard your voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; so I hid myself.”

11 God said, “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?”

12 The man said, “The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me fruit from the tree, and I ate it.”

13 Yahweh God said to the woman, “What have you done?”

The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”

14 Yahweh God said to the serpent,

“Because you have done this,
    you are cursed above all livestock,
    and above every animal of the field.
You shall go on your belly
    and you shall eat dust all the days of your life.
15 I will put hostility between you and the woman,
    and between your offspring and her offspring.
He will bruise your head,
    and you will bruise his heel.”

16 To the woman he said,

“I will greatly multiply your pain in childbirth.
    You will bear children in pain.
Your desire will be for your husband,
    and he will rule over you.”

17 To Adam he said,

“Because you have listened to your wife’s voice,
    and have eaten from the tree,
    about which I commanded you, saying, ‘You shall not eat of it,’
    the ground is cursed for your sake.
You will eat from it with much labor all the days of your life.
18     It will yield thorns and thistles to you;
    and you will eat the herb of the field.
19 You will eat bread by the sweat of your face until you return to the ground,
    for you were taken out of it.
For you are dust,
    and you shall return to dust.”

20 The man called his wife Eve because she would be the mother of all the living. 21 Yahweh God made garments of animal skins for Adam and for his wife, and clothed them.

22 Yahweh God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil. Now, lest he reach out his hand, and also take of the tree of life, and eat, and live forever—” 23 Therefore Yahweh God sent him out from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from which he was taken. 24 So he drove out the man; and he placed cherubim[a] at the east of the garden of Eden, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to guard the way to the tree of life.

Footnotes

  1. 3:24 cherubim are powerful angelic creatures, messengers of God with wings. See Ezekiel 10.

Desobediencia y caída del hombre

La serpiente era más astuta(A) que cualquiera de los animales del campo que el Señor Dios había hecho. Y dijo a la mujer: «¿Conque Dios les ha dicho: “No comerán de ningún árbol del huerto”?». La mujer respondió a la serpiente: «Del fruto de los árboles del huerto podemos comer; pero del fruto del árbol que está en medio del huerto, Dios ha dicho: “No comerán de él, ni lo tocarán, para que no mueran(B)”». Y la serpiente dijo a la mujer: «Ciertamente no morirán(C). Pues Dios sabe que el día que de él coman, se les abrirán los ojos y ustedes serán como Dios, conociendo el bien y el mal(D)». Cuando la mujer vio que el árbol era bueno para comer, y que era agradable[a] a los ojos, y que el árbol era deseable para alcanzar sabiduría[b], tomó de su fruto y comió. También dio a su marido que estaba con ella, y él comió(E). Entonces fueron abiertos los ojos de ambos, y conocieron que estaban desnudos(F); y cosieron hojas de higuera y se hicieron delantales[c].

Sentencia por el pecado y promesa de redención

Y oyeron al[d] Señor Dios que se paseaba(G) en el huerto al fresco[e] del día. Entonces el hombre y su mujer se escondieron(H) de la presencia del Señor Dios entre los árboles del huerto. Pero el Señor Dios llamó al hombre y le dijo: «¿Dónde estás(I)?». 10 Y él respondió: «Te oí[f] en el huerto, tuve miedo(J) porque estaba desnudo, y me escondí». 11 «¿Quién te ha hecho saber que estabas desnudo?», le preguntó Dios. «¿Has comido del árbol del cual Yo te mandé que no comieras?». 12 El hombre respondió: «La mujer que Tú me diste por compañera[g] me dio del árbol, y yo comí(K)». 13 Entonces el Señor Dios dijo a la mujer: «¿Qué es esto que has hecho?». «La serpiente me engañó(L), y yo comí», respondió la mujer.

14 Y el Señor Dios dijo a la serpiente:

«Por cuanto has hecho esto,
Maldita(M) serás[h] más que todos los animales,
Y más que todas las bestias del campo.
Sobre tu vientre andarás,
Y polvo comerás(N)
Todos los días de tu vida.
15 -»Pondré enemistad
Entre tú y la mujer(O),
Y entre tu simiente y su simiente;
Él te herirá en[i] la cabeza,
Y tú lo herirás en el talón(P)».

16 A la mujer dijo:

«En gran manera multiplicaré
Tu dolor en el parto[j],
Con dolor darás a luz los hijos(Q).
Con todo, tu deseo será para tu marido,
Y él tendrá dominio sobre ti(R)».

17 Entonces el Señor dijo a Adán: «Por cuanto has escuchado la voz de tu mujer y has comido del árbol del cual te ordené, diciendo: “No comerás de él”,

Maldita(S) será[k] la tierra por tu causa;
Con trabajo[l](T) comerás de ella
Todos los días de tu vida.
18 -»Espinos y cardos te producirá,
Y comerás de las plantas[m] del campo.
19 -»Con el sudor de tu rostro
Comerás el pan
Hasta que vuelvas a la tierra(U),
Porque de ella fuiste tomado;
Pues polvo eres(V),
Y al polvo volverás».

20 El hombre le puso por nombre Eva[n](W) a su mujer, porque ella era la madre de todos los vivientes. 21 El Señor Dios hizo vestiduras de piel para Adán y su mujer, y los vistió.

Castigo por el pecado

22 Entonces el Señor Dios dijo: «Ahora el hombre ha venido a ser como uno de Nosotros(X), conociendo ellos el bien y el mal. Cuidado ahora, no vaya a extender su mano y tome también del árbol de la vida(Y), y coma y viva para siempre». 23 Y el Señor Dios lo echó del huerto del Edén, para que labrara la tierra de la cual fue tomado. 24 Expulsó, pues, al hombre(Z); y al oriente del huerto del Edén(AA) puso querubines(AB), y una espada encendida que giraba en todas direcciones para guardar el camino del árbol de la vida(AC).

Footnotes

  1. 3:6 O un deleite.
  2. 3:6 O hacer a uno sabio.
  3. 3:7 O fajas.
  4. 3:8 Lit. la voz del.
  5. 3:8 Lit. aire.
  6. 3:10 Lit. Oí Tu voz.
  7. 3:12 O para que estuviera conmigo.
  8. 3:14 O eres.
  9. 3:15 O te aplastará.
  10. 3:16 Lit. y tu embarazo.
  11. 3:17 O es.
  12. 3:17 O dolor.
  13. 3:18 Lit. la planta.
  14. 3:20 I.e. viviente, o, vida.

The Fall

Now (A)the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the Lord God had made.

He said to the woman, “Did God actually say, ‘You[a] shall not eat of any tree in the garden’?” And the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden, but God said, (B)‘You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree that is in the midst of the garden, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.’” (C)But the serpent said to the woman, “You will not surely die. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise,[b] she took of its fruit (D)and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, (E)and he ate. (F)Then the eyes of both were opened, (G)and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loincloths.

And they heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool[c] of the day, and the man and his wife (H)hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden. But the Lord God called to the man and said to him, “Where are you?”[d] 10 And he said, “I heard the sound of you in the garden, and I was afraid, (I)because I was naked, and I hid myself.” 11 He said, “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten of the tree of which I commanded you not to eat?” 12 The man said, (J)“The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me fruit of the tree, and I ate.” 13 Then the Lord God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, (K)“The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”

14 The Lord God said to the serpent,

“Because you have done this,
    cursed are you above all livestock
    and above all beasts of the field;
on your belly you shall go,
    and (L)dust you shall eat
    all the days of your life.
15 I will put enmity between you and the woman,
    and between your offspring[e] and (M)her offspring;
(N)he shall bruise your head,
    and you shall bruise his heel.”

16 To the woman he said,

“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;
    (O)in pain you shall bring forth children.
(P)Your desire shall be for[f] your husband,
    and he shall (Q)rule over you.”

17 And to Adam he said,

“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife
    and have eaten of the tree
(R)of which I commanded you,
    ‘You shall not eat of it,’
(S)cursed is the ground because of you;
    (T)in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;
18 thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you;
    and you shall eat the plants of the field.
19 By the sweat of your face
    you shall eat bread,
till you return to the ground,
    for out of it you were taken;
(U)for you are dust,
    and (V)to dust you shall return.”

20 The man called his wife's name Eve, because she was the mother of all living.[g] 21 And the Lord God made for Adam and for his wife garments of skins and clothed them.

22 Then the Lord God said, (W)“Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil. Now, lest he reach out his hand (X)and take also of the tree of life and eat, and live forever—” 23 therefore the Lord God sent him out from the garden of Eden (Y)to work the ground from which he was taken. 24 He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the (Z)cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 3:1 In Hebrew you is plural in verses 1–5
  2. Genesis 3:6 Or to give insight
  3. Genesis 3:8 Hebrew wind
  4. Genesis 3:9 In Hebrew you is singular in verses 9 and 11
  5. Genesis 3:15 Hebrew seed; so throughout Genesis
  6. Genesis 3:16 Or to, or toward, or against (see 4:7)
  7. Genesis 3:20 Eve sounds like the Hebrew for life-giver and resembles the word for living