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“Reuben, you are my firstborn, my strength,
    the child of my vigorous youth.
    You are first in rank and first in power.

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51 He killed the oldest son in each Egyptian family,
    the flower of youth throughout the land of Egypt.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 78:51 Hebrew in the tents of Ham.

17 He must recognize the rights of his oldest son, the son of the wife he does not love, by giving him a double portion. He is the first son of his father’s virility, and the rights of the firstborn belong to him.

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36 Then he killed the oldest son in each Egyptian home,
    the pride and joy of each family.

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32 So Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She named him Reuben,[a] for she said, “The Lord has noticed my misery, and now my husband will love me.”

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Footnotes

  1. 29:32 Reuben means “Look, a son!” It also sounds like the Hebrew for “He has seen my misery.”

The sons of Reuben, the oldest son of Israel, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.

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Descendants of Reuben

The oldest son of Israel[a] was Reuben. But since he dishonored his father by sleeping with one of his father’s concubines, his birthright was given to the sons of his brother Joseph. For this reason, Reuben is not listed in the genealogical records as the firstborn son.

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Footnotes

  1. 5:1 Israel is the name that God gave to Jacob.

Descendants of Israel

The sons of Israel[a] were Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun,

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Footnotes

  1. 2:1 Israel is the name that God gave to Jacob.

20-21 This is the number of men twenty years old or older who were able to go to war, as their names were listed in the records of their clans and families[a]:

TribeNumber
Reuben (Jacob’s[b] oldest son)46,500
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Footnotes

  1. 1:20-21a In the Hebrew text, this sentence (This is the number of men twenty years old or older who were able to go to war, as their names were listed in the records of their clans and families) is repeated in 1:22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42.
  2. 1:20-21b Hebrew Israel’s. The names “Jacob” and “Israel” are often interchanged throughout the Old Testament, referring sometimes to the individual patriarch and sometimes to the nation.

The Tribe of Reuben

These were the clans descended from the sons of Reuben, Jacob’s[a] oldest son:

The Hanochite clan, named after their ancestor Hanoch.
The Palluite clan, named after their ancestor Pallu.

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Footnotes

  1. 26:5 Hebrew Israel’s; see note on 1:20-21b.

18 “No, my father,” he said. “This one is the firstborn. Put your right hand on his head.”

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These are the names of the descendants of Israel—the sons of Jacob—who went to Egypt:

Reuben was Jacob’s oldest son.

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