Tamar donne une descendance à Juda

38 A la même époque, Juda se sépara de ses frères et alla vivre près d’un habitant d’Adoullam[a] nommé Hira. Il vit là la fille d’un Cananéen nommé Shoua, il l’épousa et s’unit à elle. Elle devint enceinte et lui donna un fils : il l’appela Er. Elle devint encore enceinte et mit au monde un fils qu’elle appela Onân. Elle eut encore un fils qu’elle appela Shéla. Quand sa femme accoucha du troisième, Juda se trouvait à Kezib.

Juda prit pour Er, son premier-né, une femme nommée Tamar. Jugeant Er mauvais, l’Eternel le fit mourir. Alors Juda dit à Onân : Accomplis ton devoir de proche parent du défunt : unis-toi à ta belle-sœur pour donner une descendance à ton frère[b].

Onân savait que les enfants qui naîtraient ne seraient pas pour lui. Chaque fois qu’il avait des rapports avec sa belle-sœur, il laissait tomber sa semence à terre pour éviter de donner une descendance à son frère. 10 Son comportement déplut à l’Eternel qui le fit aussi mourir. 11 Alors Juda dit à Tamar, sa belle-fille : Reste veuve dans la maison de ton père jusqu’à ce que mon fils Shéla soit devenu adulte.

Car il se disait : Il ne faut pas que celui-ci aussi meure comme ses frères.

Tamar retourna donc dans la maison de son père et y resta.

12 Bien longtemps après cela, la fille de Shoua, femme de Juda, mourut. Quand il fut consolé, Juda monta avec son ami Hira l’Adoullamite à Timna, pour la tonte de ses moutons. 13 Quelqu’un en informa Tamar en lui disant : Voici, ton beau-père monte à Timna pour la tonte de ses moutons.

14 Alors elle ôta ses habits de veuve, se couvrit le visage d’un voile et, ainsi déguisée, s’assit au carrefour d’Enaïm, sur la route de Timna ; car elle voyait bien que Shéla était devenu adulte sans qu’on le lui ait donné pour mari.

15 Juda aperçut cette femme et la prit pour une prostituée, car elle avait le visage voilé. 16 Il s’approcha d’elle au bord du chemin et lui dit : Permets-moi d’aller avec toi !

Car il n’avait pas reconnu sa belle-fille. Elle répondit : Que me donneras-tu pour venir avec moi ?

17 – Je te ferai apporter un chevreau du troupeau, lui dit-il.

– D’accord, répondit-elle, à condition que tu me donnes un gage jusqu’à ce que tu l’envoies.

18 – Quel gage veux-tu que je te donne ?

– Ton cachet, le cordon qui le tient et le bâton que tu as en main.

Il les lui remit et s’unit à elle, et elle devint enceinte. 19 Elle se leva et partit ; elle ôta son voile et remit ses habits de veuve.

20 Juda chargea son ami l’Adoullamite d’apporter le chevreau à cette femme et de retirer les gages qu’il lui avait donnés. Mais celle-ci resta introuvable. 21 Hira interrogea les hommes de l’endroit : Où est cette prostituée sacrée qui se tenait sur le chemin à Enaïm ?

Ils lui répondirent : Il n’y a jamais eu de prostituée sacrée à cet endroit.

22 Il revint dire à Juda : Je ne l’ai pas trouvée, et les gens de là-bas ont même affirmé qu’il n’y a jamais eu de prostituée sacrée à cet endroit.

23 Alors Juda s’écria : Qu’elle garde ce qu’elle a ! Ne nous rendons pas ridicules. Quoi qu’il arrive, moi j’ai envoyé ce chevreau, et toi, tu n’as pas retrouvé cette femme.

24 Environ trois mois après cela, on vint dire à Juda : Tamar, ta belle-fille, s’est prostituée, et même : la voilà enceinte suite à cela.

– Qu’on la fasse sortir, dit-il, et qu’elle soit brûlée vive !

25 Comme on la jetait dehors, elle envoya un message à son beau-père : C’est de l’homme à qui appartiennent ces objets que je suis enceinte. Reconnais, je te prie, à qui sont ce cachet, ces cordons et ce bâton.

26 Juda les reconnut et s’écria : Elle est plus juste que moi ; elle a fait cela parce que je ne l’ai pas donnée pour femme à mon fils Shéla.

Il ne s’unit plus jamais à elle.

27 Quand vint le moment de la naissance, il s’avéra qu’elle portait des jumeaux. 28 Pendant l’accouchement l’un d’eux présenta une main ; la sage-femme la saisit et y noua un fil rouge en disant : C’est celui-ci qui sort le premier.

29 Mais il retira sa main, et c’est son frère qui vint au monde. La sage-femme s’écria : Quelle brèche ne t’es-tu pas ouverte ! Et on le nomma Pérets[c] (Brèche). 30 Ensuite son frère naquit, celui dont la main portait le fil rouge, et il fut appelé Zérah (Lever de soleil).

Footnotes

  1. 38.1 Ancienne ville cananéenne.
  2. 38.8 Cette coutume sera incluse dans la Loi (Dt 25.5-10 ; voir Mt 22.23-33).
  3. 38.29 Ancêtre de David (Rt 4.18-22) et du Christ (Mt 1.3).
'創 世 記 38 ' not found for the version: Chinese New Testament: Easy-to-Read Version.

38 And it came to pass at that time, that Judah went down from his brethren, and turned in to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah.

And Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite, whose name was Shuah; and he took her, and went in unto her.

And she conceived, and bare a son; and he called his name Er.

And she conceived again, and bare a son; and she called his name Onan.

And she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bare him.

And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar.

And Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord; and the Lord slew him.

And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto thy brother's wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother.

And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother's wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother.

10 And the thing which he did displeased the Lord: wherefore he slew him also.

11 Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown: for he said, Lest peradventure he die also, as his brethren did. And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house.

12 And in process of time the daughter of Shuah Judah's wife died; and Judah was comforted, and went up unto his sheepshearers to Timnath, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite.

13 And it was told Tamar, saying, Behold thy father in law goeth up to Timnath to shear his sheep.

14 And she put her widow's garments off from her, and covered her with a vail, and wrapped herself, and sat in an open place, which is by the way to Timnath; for she saw that Shelah was grown, and she was not given unto him to wife.

15 When Judah saw her, he thought her to be an harlot; because she had covered her face.

16 And he turned unto her by the way, and said, Go to, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee; (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law.) And she said, What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me?

17 And he said, I will send thee a kid from the flock. And she said, Wilt thou give me a pledge, till thou send it?

18 And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy signet, and thy bracelets, and thy staff that is in thine hand. And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him.

19 And she arose, and went away, and laid by her vail from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

20 And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman's hand: but he found her not.

21 Then he asked the men of that place, saying, Where is the harlot, that was openly by the way side? And they said, There was no harlot in this place.

22 And he returned to Judah, and said, I cannot find her; and also the men of the place said, that there was no harlot in this place.

23 And Judah said, Let her take it to her, lest we be shamed: behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.

24 And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be burnt.

25 When she was brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these are, am I with child: and she said, Discern, I pray thee, whose are these, the signet, and bracelets, and staff.

26 And Judah acknowledged them, and said, She hath been more righteous than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son. And he knew her again no more.

27 And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

28 And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first.

29 And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, How hast thou broken forth? this breach be upon thee: therefore his name was called Pharez.

30 And afterward came out his brother, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zarah.

Judah and Tamar

38 It came to pass at that time that Judah departed from his brothers, and (A)visited a certain Adullamite whose name was Hirah. And Judah (B)saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was (C)Shua, and he married her and went in to her. So she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name (D)Er. She conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name (E)Onan. And she conceived yet again and bore a son, and called his name (F)Shelah. He was at Chezib when she bore him.

Then Judah (G)took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was (H)Tamar. But (I)Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord, (J)and the Lord killed him. And Judah said to Onan, “Go in to (K)your brother’s wife and marry her, and raise up an heir to your brother.” But Onan knew that the heir would not be (L)his; and it came to pass, when he went in to his brother’s wife, that he emitted on the ground, lest he should give an heir to his brother. 10 And the thing which he did [a]displeased the Lord; therefore He killed (M)him also.

11 Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, (N)“Remain a widow in your father’s house till my son Shelah is grown.” For he said, “Lest he also die like his brothers.” And Tamar went and dwelt (O)in her father’s house.

12 Now in the process of time the daughter of Shua, Judah’s wife, died; and Judah (P)was comforted, and went up to his sheepshearers at Timnah, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. 13 And it was told Tamar, saying, “Look, your father-in-law is going up (Q)to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14 So she took off her widow’s garments, covered herself with a veil and wrapped herself, and (R)sat in an open place which was on the way to Timnah; for she saw (S)that Shelah was grown, and she was not given to him as a wife. 15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a harlot, because she had covered her face. 16 Then he turned to her by the way, and said, “Please let me come in to you”; for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.

So she said, “What will you give me, that you may come in to me?”

17 And he said, (T)“I will send a young goat from the flock.”

So she said, (U)“Will you give me a pledge till you send it?

18 Then he said, “What pledge shall I give you?”

So she said, (V)“Your signet and cord, and your staff that is in your hand.” Then he gave them to her, and went in to her, and she conceived by him. 19 So she arose and went away, and (W)laid aside her veil and put on the garments of her widowhood.

20 And Judah sent the young goat by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman’s hand, but he did not find her. 21 Then he asked the men of that place, saying, “Where is the harlot who was [b]openly by the roadside?”

And they said, “There was no harlot in this place.

22 So he returned to Judah and said, “I cannot find her. Also, the men of the place said there was no harlot in this place.

23 Then Judah said, “Let her take them for herself, lest we be shamed; for I sent this young goat and you have not found her.”

24 And it came to pass, about three months after, that Judah was told, saying, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has (X)played the harlot; furthermore she is [c]with child by harlotry.”

So Judah said, “Bring her out (Y)and let her be burned!”

25 When she was brought out, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, “By the man to whom these belong, I am with child.” And she said, (Z)“Please determine whose these are—the signet and cord, and staff.”

26 So Judah (AA)acknowledged them and said, (AB)“She has been more righteous than I, because (AC)I did not give her to Shelah my son.” And he (AD)never knew her again.

27 Now it came to pass, at the time for giving birth, that behold, twins were in her womb. 28 And so it was, when she was giving birth, that the one put out his hand; and the midwife took a scarlet thread and bound it on his hand, saying, “This one came out first.” 29 Then it happened, as he drew back his hand, that his brother came out unexpectedly; and she said, “How did you break through? This breach be upon you!” Therefore his name was called (AE)Perez.[d] 30 Afterward his brother came out who had the scarlet thread on his hand. And his name was called (AF)Zerah.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 38:10 Lit. was evil in the eyes of
  2. Genesis 38:21 in full view
  3. Genesis 38:24 pregnant
  4. Genesis 38:29 Lit. Breach or Breakthrough