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Histoire de Jacob 27.1–36.43

Vol de la bénédiction d'Esaü

27 Isaac devenait vieux et ses yeux s'étaient affaiblis au point qu'il ne voyait plus. Alors il appela son fils aîné Esaü et lui dit: «Mon fils!» Il lui répondit: «Me voici!» Isaac dit: «Je suis maintenant âgé et je ne connais pas le jour de ma mort. Prends donc tes armes, ton carquois et ton arc, va dans les champs chasser du gibier pour moi. Prépare-moi un plat comme je les aime et apporte-le-moi à manger afin que je te bénisse avant de mourir.»

Rebecca entendit ce qu'Isaac disait à son fils Esaü. Esaü s'en alla dans les champs pour chasser du gibier et le rapporter. Quant à Rebecca, elle dit à son fils Jacob: «J'ai entendu ton père dire à ton frère Esaü: ‘Apporte-moi du gibier et prépare-moi un plat que je mangerai. Je te bénirai alors devant l'Eternel avant ma mort.’ Maintenant, mon fils, écoute-moi et fais ce que je t’ordonne: va me prendre deux bons chevreaux dans le troupeau. J'en ferai pour ton père un plat comme il les aime, 10 et tu le lui apporteras à manger afin qu'il te bénisse avant sa mort.» 11 Jacob répondit à sa mère: «Mon frère Esaü est velu, tandis que moi, je n'ai pas de poils. 12 Peut-être mon père me touchera-t-il et je passerai à ses yeux pour un menteur. J'attirerai alors sur moi la malédiction, et non la bénédiction.» 13 Sa mère lui dit: «Que cette malédiction retombe sur moi, mon fils! Ecoute-moi seulement et va me prendre les chevreaux.» 14 Jacob alla les prendre et les apporta à sa mère, qui prépara un plat comme son père les aimait. 15 Ensuite, Rebecca prit les vêtements de son fils aîné Esaü, les plus beaux qui se trouvaient à la maison, et elle les fit mettre à son fils cadet Jacob. 16 Elle couvrit ses mains et la partie lisse de son cou de la peau des chevreaux, 17 puis elle plaça dans la main de son fils Jacob le plat et le pain qu'elle avait préparés.

18 Il vint vers son père et dit: «Mon père!» Isaac dit: «Me voici. Lequel de mes fils es-tu?» 19 Jacob répondit à son père: «Je suis ton fils aîné Esaü. Je me suis conformé à tes instructions. Lève-toi donc, installe-toi et mange de mon gibier afin de me bénir.» 20 Isaac dit à son fils: «Comment cela? Tu en as vite trouvé, mon fils!» Jacob répondit: «C'est que l'Eternel, ton Dieu, l'a fait venir devant moi.» 21 Isaac dit à Jacob: «Approche-toi donc, que je te touche, mon fils, pour savoir si tu es mon fils Esaü ou non.» 22 Jacob s'approcha de son père Isaac qui le toucha et dit: «La voix est celle de Jacob, mais les mains sont celles d'Esaü.» 23 Il ne le reconnut pas parce que ses mains étaient velues comme celles de son frère Esaü, et il le bénit. 24 Il dit: «Est-ce bien toi, mon fils Esaü?» Jacob répondit: «C'est moi.» 25 Isaac dit: «Sers-moi et que je mange de ton gibier, mon fils, afin de te bénir.» Jacob le servit et il mangea. Il lui apporta aussi du vin et il but.

26 Puis son père Isaac lui dit: «Approche-toi donc et embrasse-moi, mon fils.» 27 Jacob s'approcha et l'embrassa. Isaac sentit l'odeur de ses vêtements. Il le bénit alors en disant: «L'odeur de mon fils est pareille à celle d'un champ que l'Eternel a béni. 28 Que Dieu te donne de la rosée du ciel et des richesses de la terre, du blé et du vin en abondance! 29 Que des peuples te soient asservis et que des nations se prosternent devant toi! Sois le maître de tes frères et que les fils de ta mère se prosternent devant toi! *Maudits soient tous ceux qui te maudiront et bénis soient tous ceux qui te béniront.[a]»

30 Isaac avait fini de bénir Jacob et celui-ci avait à peine quitté son père Isaac lorsque son frère Esaü revint de la chasse. 31 Il prépara, lui aussi, un plat qu'il apporta à son père. Il dit à son père: «Que mon père se lève et mange du gibier de son fils, afin que tu me bénisses!» 32 Son père Isaac lui demanda: «Qui es-tu?» Il répondit: «Je suis ton fils aîné Esaü.» 33 Isaac fut saisi d'une grande, d'une violente émotion et dit: «Qui est donc celui qui a chassé du gibier et me l'a apporté? J'ai mangé de tout avant que tu ne viennes et je l'ai béni. Et effectivement, il sera béni.» 34 Lorsque Esaü entendit les paroles de son père, il poussa de grands cris pleins d'amertume et il dit à son père: «Bénis-moi aussi, mon père!» 35 Isaac dit: «Ton frère est venu avec ruse et a pris ta bénédiction.» 36 Esaü dit: «Est-ce parce qu'on l'a appelé Jacob[b] qu'il m'a supplanté deux fois? Il a pris mon droit d'aînesse, et voici maintenant qu'il a pris ma bénédiction.» Il ajouta: «N'as-tu pas de bénédiction en réserve pour moi?» 37 Isaac répondit à Esaü: «Je l'ai désigné comme ton maître et je lui ai donné tous ses frères pour serviteurs, je l'ai pourvu en blé et en vin. Que puis-je donc faire pour toi, mon fils?» 38 Esaü dit à son père: «N'as-tu que cette seule bénédiction, mon père? Bénis-moi aussi, mon père!» et il se mit à pleurer tout haut. 39 Son père Isaac lui répondit: «Ton lieu d’habitation sera privé des richesses de la terre et de la rosée du ciel, d'en haut. 40 Tu vivras de ton épée et tu seras asservi à ton frère. Cependant, en errant librement çà et là, tu échapperas à la domination qu’il t’aura imposée.»

Fuite de Jacob

41 Esaü éprouva de la haine contre Jacob à cause de la bénédiction que son père lui avait accordée. Il disait dans son cœur: «Le moment où l'on mènera le deuil sur mon père va approcher et je tuerai mon frère Jacob.» 42 Rebecca fut informée des paroles de son fils aîné Esaü. Elle fit alors appeler son fils cadet Jacob et lui dit: «Ton frère Esaü veut se venger de toi en te tuant. 43 Maintenant, mon fils, écoute-moi! Lève-toi, enfuis-toi chez mon frère Laban à Charan. 44 Reste chez lui quelque temps, jusqu'à ce que la fureur de ton frère s'apaise, 45 jusqu'à ce que la colère de ton frère se détourne de toi et qu'il oublie ce que tu lui as fait. Alors je te ferai revenir. Pourquoi serais-je privée de vous deux en un seul jour?»

46 Rebecca dit à Isaac: «Je suis dégoûtée de la vie à cause de nos belles-filles hittites. Si Jacob prend une femme comme celles-ci parmi les Hittites, parmi les filles du pays, à quoi me sert la vie?»

Footnotes

  1. Genèse 27:29 Maudits… béniront: tournure reprise en Nombres 24.9.
  2. Genèse 27:36 Jacob: fait assonance en hébreu avec supplanter.

27 When Isaac was old and his eyes were so weak that he could no longer see,(A) he called for Esau his older son(B) and said to him, “My son.”

“Here I am,” he answered.

Isaac said, “I am now an old man and don’t know the day of my death.(C) Now then, get your equipment—your quiver and bow—and go out to the open country(D) to hunt some wild game for me. Prepare me the kind of tasty food I like(E) and bring it to me to eat, so that I may give you my blessing(F) before I die.”(G)

Now Rebekah was listening as Isaac spoke to his son Esau. When Esau left for the open country(H) to hunt game and bring it back, Rebekah said to her son Jacob,(I) “Look, I overheard your father say to your brother Esau, ‘Bring me some game and prepare me some tasty food to eat, so that I may give you my blessing in the presence of the Lord before I die.’(J) Now, my son, listen carefully and do what I tell you:(K) Go out to the flock and bring me two choice young goats,(L) so I can prepare some tasty food for your father, just the way he likes it.(M) 10 Then take it to your father to eat, so that he may give you his blessing(N) before he dies.”

11 Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, “But my brother Esau is a hairy man(O) while I have smooth skin. 12 What if my father touches me?(P) I would appear to be tricking him and would bring down a curse(Q) on myself rather than a blessing.”

13 His mother said to him, “My son, let the curse fall on me.(R) Just do what I say;(S) go and get them for me.”

14 So he went and got them and brought them to his mother, and she prepared some tasty food, just the way his father liked it.(T) 15 Then Rebekah took the best clothes(U) of Esau her older son,(V) which she had in the house, and put them on her younger son Jacob. 16 She also covered his hands and the smooth part of his neck with the goatskins.(W) 17 Then she handed to her son Jacob the tasty food and the bread she had made.

18 He went to his father and said, “My father.”

“Yes, my son,” he answered. “Who is it?”(X)

19 Jacob said to his father, “I am Esau your firstborn.(Y) I have done as you told me. Please sit up and eat some of my game,(Z) so that you may give me your blessing.”(AA)

20 Isaac asked his son, “How did you find it so quickly, my son?”

“The Lord your God gave me success,(AB)” he replied.

21 Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Come near so I can touch you,(AC) my son, to know whether you really are my son Esau or not.”

22 Jacob went close to his father Isaac,(AD) who touched(AE) him and said, “The voice is the voice of Jacob, but the hands are the hands of Esau.” 23 He did not recognize him, for his hands were hairy like those of his brother Esau;(AF) so he proceeded to bless him. 24 “Are you really my son Esau?” he asked.

“I am,” he replied.

25 Then he said, “My son, bring me some of your game to eat, so that I may give you my blessing.”(AG)

Jacob brought it to him and he ate; and he brought some wine and he drank. 26 Then his father Isaac said to him, “Come here, my son, and kiss me.”

27 So he went to him and kissed(AH) him(AI). When Isaac caught the smell of his clothes,(AJ) he blessed him and said,

“Ah, the smell of my son
    is like the smell of a field
    that the Lord has blessed.(AK)
28 May God give you heaven’s dew(AL)
    and earth’s richness(AM)
    an abundance of grain(AN) and new wine.(AO)
29 May nations serve you
    and peoples bow down to you.(AP)
Be lord over your brothers,
    and may the sons of your mother bow down to you.(AQ)
May those who curse you be cursed
    and those who bless you be blessed.(AR)

30 After Isaac finished blessing him, and Jacob had scarcely left his father’s presence, his brother Esau came in from hunting. 31 He too prepared some tasty food and brought it to his father. Then he said to him, “My father, please sit up and eat some of my game, so that you may give me your blessing.”(AS)

32 His father Isaac asked him, “Who are you?”(AT)

“I am your son,” he answered, “your firstborn, Esau.(AU)

33 Isaac trembled violently and said, “Who was it, then, that hunted game and brought it to me?(AV) I ate it just before you came and I blessed him—and indeed he will be blessed!(AW)

34 When Esau heard his father’s words, he burst out with a loud and bitter cry(AX) and said to his father, “Bless(AY) me—me too, my father!”

35 But he said, “Your brother came deceitfully(AZ) and took your blessing.”(BA)

36 Esau said, “Isn’t he rightly named Jacob[a]?(BB) This is the second time he has taken advantage of(BC) me: He took my birthright,(BD) and now he’s taken my blessing!”(BE) Then he asked, “Haven’t you reserved any blessing for me?”

37 Isaac answered Esau, “I have made him lord over you and have made all his relatives his servants, and I have sustained him with grain and new wine.(BF) So what can I possibly do for you, my son?”

38 Esau said to his father, “Do you have only one blessing, my father? Bless me too, my father!” Then Esau wept aloud.(BG)

39 His father Isaac answered him,(BH)

“Your dwelling will be
    away from the earth’s richness,
    away from the dew(BI) of heaven above.(BJ)
40 You will live by the sword
    and you will serve(BK) your brother.(BL)
But when you grow restless,
    you will throw his yoke
    from off your neck.(BM)

41 Esau held a grudge(BN) against Jacob(BO) because of the blessing his father had given him. He said to himself, “The days of mourning(BP) for my father are near; then I will kill(BQ) my brother Jacob.”(BR)

42 When Rebekah was told what her older son Esau(BS) had said, she sent for her younger son Jacob and said to him, “Your brother Esau is planning to avenge himself by killing you.(BT) 43 Now then, my son, do what I say:(BU) Flee at once to my brother Laban(BV) in Harran.(BW) 44 Stay with him for a while(BX) until your brother’s fury subsides. 45 When your brother is no longer angry with you and forgets what you did to him,(BY) I’ll send word for you to come back from there.(BZ) Why should I lose both of you in one day?”

46 Then Rebekah said to Isaac, “I’m disgusted with living because of these Hittite(CA) women. If Jacob takes a wife from among the women of this land,(CB) from Hittite women like these, my life will not be worth living.”(CC)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 27:36 Jacob means he grasps the heel, a Hebrew idiom for he takes advantage of or he deceives.

27 Forsooth Isaac waxed eld, and his eyes dimmed, and he might not see. And he called Esau, his more son, and said to him, My son! Which answered, I am present. (And Isaac grew old, and his eyes dimmed, and he could not see. And he called his elder son Esau, and said to him, My son! And he answered, I am here.)

To whom the father said, Thou seest that I have waxed eld, and I know not the day of my death[a].

Take thine arms (Take thy weapons), (an) arrow case, and a bow, and go out; and when thou hast taken anything by hunting,

make me a stew thereof, as thou knowest that I will, and bring it to me that I eat, (so) that (afterward) my soul (can) bless thee before that I die. (make for me a stew out of it, as thou knowest that I like, and bring it to me so that I can eat it, and then I shall bless thee before that I die.)

And when Rebecca had heard this thing, and he had gone forth into the field that he fulfill the behest of his father,

she said to her son Jacob, I heard thy father speaking with Esau, thy brother, and saying to him,

Bring thou to me of thine hunting, and make thou meats, that I eat, and that I bless thee before the Lord before that I die. (Bring thou to me some of thy hunting, and make thou for me some stew, so that I can eat it, and then I shall bless thee before the Lord, before that I die.)

Now therefore, my son, assent to my counsels,

and go to the flock, and bring to me twain (of) the best kids, that I make meats of those to thy father, which he shall eat gladly; (and go to the flock, and bring me two of the best goat kids, so that I can make thy father’s favourite meal out of them, which I know that he shall gladly eat;)

10 and (so) that when thou hast brought in those meats, and he hath eaten, he (shall) bless thee before that he die.

11 To whom Jacob answered, Thou knowest that Esau my brother is an hairy man, and I am smooth;

12 (so) if my father shall touch (me), or draw me to him, and feel me, I dread lest he guess that I would scorn him, and he bring in cursing on me for blessing (and I bring in a curse upon myself, and not a blessing).

13 To whom his mother said, My son, this cursing be in me (My son, any curse shall be upon me); only hear thou my voice, and go, and bring that that I said.

14 (And so) He went, and brought it, and gave it to his mother. She made ready meats, as she knew that his father would have (And she prepared the meat, in the way that she knew that his father would like it),

15 and she clothed Jacob in [the] full good clothes of Esau, which she had at home with herself (which she had there at home with her).

16 And she wrapped his hands about with little skins of (goat) kids, and covered the nakedness of his neck;

17 and she gave to him the stew (and then she gave him the stew), and betook (to) him [the] loaves, which she had baked.

18 And when these were brought in, he said, My father! And he answered, I (am) here; (but) who art thou, my son?

19 And Jacob said, I am Esau, thy first begotten son. I have done to thee as thou commandedest to me; rise thou up, and sit, and eat of my venison, that thy soul bless me. (And Jacob said, I am Esau, thy first-born son. I have done for thee as thou commandedest me; rise thou up, and sit, and eat my venison, and then afterward thou can bless me.)

20 Again Isaac said to his son, My son, how mightest thou find (this) venison so soon? Which answered, It was God’s will, that this thing that I would, should come soon to me. (And Isaac said to his son, My son, how mightest thou find this venison so soon? And Jacob answered, It was God’s will, that what I desired, should come so soon to me.)

21 And Isaac said, My son, come thou hither, (so) that I (can) touch thee, and that I prove whether thou be my son Esau, or nay.

22 (And) Jacob nighed to his father; and when Isaac had feeled him, he said, Soothly the voice is the voice of Jacob, but the hands be the hands of Esau.

23 And Isaac knew not Jacob, for the hairy hands showed the likeness of the elder son. Therefore Isaac blessed Jacob (And so that is why Isaac would soon bless Jacob),

24 and (so he) said (again), Art thou my son Esau? (And) Jacob answered, I am.

25 And Isaac said, My son, bring thou to me meats of thine hunting, that my soul bless thee. And when Isaac had eaten these meats brought (to him), Jacob brought also wine to Isaac, and when this was drunken, (And Isaac said, My son, bring thou to me the meats of thy hunting, and then afterward I shall bless thee. And when Isaac had eaten the meat brought to him, Jacob also brought him some wine, and when he had drunk it,)

26 Isaac said to him, My son, come thou hither, and give to me a kiss.

27 Jacob nighed, and kissed him; and anon as Isaac feeled the odour of his clothes, he blessed him, and said, Lo! the odour of my son as the odour of a plenteous field which the Lord hath blessed. (And Jacob came over, and kissed him; and when Isaac smelled the aroma of his clothes, at once he blessed him, saying, Lo! the aroma of my son is like the aroma of a plentiful field which the Lord hath blessed.)

28 God give to thee of the dew of heaven, and of the fatness of [the] earth, (and of the) abundance of wheat, and of wine, and of oil; (May God give thee the dew from heaven, and the fatness of the earth, and an abundance of corn, or of grain, and wine, and oil;)

29 and (may) peoples serve thee, and lineages worship thee; be thou lord of thy brethren, and the sons of thy mother be bowed (low) before thee; be he cursed that curseth thee, and he that blesseth thee, be he [full-]filled with blessings (be they cursed who curse thee, but let those who bless thee, be filled full with blessings).

30 Scarcely Isaac had filled the word, and when Jacob was gone out, Esau came, (Scarcely had Isaac finished speaking, and Jacob had gone out, then Esau came in from his hunting,)

31 and brought in meats sodden of the hunting to the father, and said, My father, rise thou, and eat of the hunting of thy son, that thy soul bless me. (and he brought in boiled meats for his father, and said, My father, rise thou up, and eat of thy son’s hunting, and then afterward thou can bless me.)

32 And Isaac said, Who art thou? Which answered, I am Esau, thy first begotten son. (And Isaac said, Who art thou? And Esau answered, I am Esau, thy first-born son.)

33 Isaac dreaded with a great astonishing; and he wondered more than it may be believed, and said, Who therefore is he which a while ago brought to me venison taken, and I ate of all things before that thou camest; and I blessed him? and he shall be blessed. (And Isaac dreaded with great astonishment; and he wondered more than it can be imagined, and he said, Then who was it, who just a short while ago, brought me the newly caught venison, and I ate all of it before that thou camest in; and I blessed him? and yea, he shall be blessed.)

34 When the words of the father were heard, Esau roared with a great cry, and was astonished, and said, My father, bless thou also me. (And when he heard his father’s words, Esau roared with a great cry, and was astonished, and said, My father, thou must also bless me!)

35 Which said (And Jacob said), Thy brother came prudently [Thy brother came (be)guilingly], and took (away) thy blessing.

36 And Esau added, Justly his name is called Jacob, for lo! he [hath] supplanted me (yet) another time; before he took away my first begotten things, and now the second time, he [hath] ravished privily my blessing. And again he said to the father, Whether thou hast not reserved a blessing also to me? (And Esau added, His name is rightly called Jacob, that is, the Heel, or the Supplanter, for lo! now he hath supplanted me the second time; first he took away my birthright as the first-born son, and now he hath cheated me out of my blessing. And again he said to his father, Hast thou not reserved a blessing for me?)

37 Isaac answered, I have made him thy lord, and I have made subject all his brethren to his servage; I have stablished him in wheat, and wine, and oil; and (so), my son, what shall I do to thee after these things? (Isaac answered, I have made him thy lord, and I have made all of his brothers to be in servitude to him, that is, to be his slaves; I have established him with corn, or with grain, and wine, and oil; and so now, my son, after all these things, what is left that I can do for thee?)

38 To whom Esau said, Father, whether thou hast only one blessing? I beseech thee, that also thou bless me. And when Esau wept with great yelling, (To whom Esau said, Father, hast thou only one blessing? I beseech thee, that thou also bless me. And when Esau wept with great yelling,)

39 Isaac was stirred, and said to him, Thy blessing shall be (not) in the fatness of [the] earth, and in the dew of heaven from above; (Isaac was stirred, and said to him, Thy dwelling shall be far from the fatness of the earth, and far from the dew of heaven above;)

40 thou shalt live by (the) sword, and thou shalt serve thy brother, and (then the) time shall come when thou shalt shake away, and unbind his yoke from [off] thy nolls.

41 Therefore Esau hated evermore Jacob for the blessing by which the father had blessed him; and Esau said in his heart, The days of mourning of my father shall come, and (then) I shall slay Jacob, my brother. (And so Esau hated Jacob even more for the blessing with which his father had blessed him; and Esau said in his heart, The days of mourning for my father shall come, and then I shall kill my brother Jacob.)

42 These things were told to Rebecca, and she sent, and called (for) her son Jacob, and said to him, Lo! Esau, thy brother, menaceth to slay thee (Lo! Esau, thy brother, hath threatened to kill thee);

43 now therefore, my son, hear thou my voice, and rise thou up, and flee to Laban, my brother, into Haran (and flee to my brother Laban, in Haran);

44 and thou shalt dwell with him (for) a few days, till the strong vengeance of thy brother rest, and his indignation cease,

45 and till he forget those things which thou hast done against him. Afterward I shall send, and I shall bring thee from thence hither. Why shall I be made sonless of ever either son in one day? (and until he forget those things which thou hast done against him. And then afterward I shall send for thee, and I shall bring thee back here. For why should I be deprived of both sons in one day?)

46 And Rebecca said to Isaac, It annoyeth me of my life for the daughters of Heth (I am weary to death of the daughters of the Hittites); if Jacob take a wife of the kindred of this land, I will not live.

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 27:2 Isaac would still be alive more than 20 years after this event(!).