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30 Abraham replied, “Please accept these seven lambs to show your agreement that I dug this well.”

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30 He replied, “Accept these seven lambs from my hand as a witness(A) that I dug this well.(B)

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52 They stand between us as witnesses of our vows. I will never pass this pile of stones to harm you, and you must never pass these stones or this monument to harm me.

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52 This heap is a witness, and this pillar is a witness,(A) that I will not go past this heap to your side to harm you and that you will not go past this heap(B) and pillar to my side to harm me.(C)

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27 Joshua said to all the people, “This stone has heard everything the Lord said to us. It will be a witness to testify against you if you go back on your word to God.”

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27 “See!” he said to all the people. “This stone(A) will be a witness(B) against us. It has heard all the words the Lord has said to us. It will be a witness against you if you are untrue(C) to your God.”(D)

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27 but as a memorial. It will remind our descendants and your descendants that we, too, have the right to worship the Lord at his sanctuary with our burnt offerings, sacrifices, and peace offerings. Then your descendants will not be able to say to ours, ‘You have no claim to the Lord.’

28 “If they say this, our descendants can reply, ‘Look at this copy of the Lord’s altar that our ancestors made. It is not for burnt offerings or sacrifices; it is a reminder of the relationship both of us have with the Lord.’

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27 On the contrary, it is to be a witness(A) between us and you and the generations that follow, that we will worship the Lord at his sanctuary with our burnt offerings, sacrifices and fellowship offerings.(B) Then in the future your descendants will not be able to say to ours, ‘You have no share in the Lord.’

28 “And we said, ‘If they ever say this to us, or to our descendants, we will answer: Look at the replica of the Lord’s altar, which our ancestors built, not for burnt offerings and sacrifices, but as a witness(C) between us and you.’

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44 So come, let’s make a covenant, you and I, and it will be a witness to our commitment.”

45 So Jacob took a stone and set it up as a monument. 46 Then he told his family members, “Gather some stones.” So they gathered stones and piled them in a heap. Then Jacob and Laban sat down beside the pile of stones to eat a covenant meal. 47 To commemorate the event, Laban called the place Jegar-sahadutha (which means “witness pile” in Aramaic), and Jacob called it Galeed (which means “witness pile” in Hebrew).

48 Then Laban declared, “This pile of stones will stand as a witness to remind us of the covenant we have made today.” This explains why it was called Galeed—“Witness Pile.”

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44 Come now, let’s make a covenant,(A) you and I, and let it serve as a witness between us.”(B)

45 So Jacob took a stone and set it up as a pillar.(C) 46 He said to his relatives, “Gather some stones.” So they took stones and piled them in a heap,(D) and they ate there by the heap. 47 Laban called it Jegar Sahadutha, and Jacob called it Galeed.[a](E)

48 Laban said, “This heap(F) is a witness between you and me today.”(G) That is why it was called Galeed.

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 31:47 The Aramaic Jegar Sahadutha and the Hebrew Galeed both mean witness heap.