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Paul Reproves the Galatians

Formerly, when you did not know God, you were enslaved to beings that by nature are not gods.(A)

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Paul’s Concern for the Galatians

Formerly, when you did not know God,(A) you were slaves(B) to those who by nature are not gods.(C)

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Hence, as to the eating of food offered to idols, we know that “no idol in the world really exists” and that “there is no God but one.”(A)

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So then, about eating food sacrificed to idols:(A) We know that “An idol is nothing at all in the world”(B) and that “There is no God but one.”(C)

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One in Christ

11 So then, remember that at one time you gentiles by birth,[a] called “the uncircumcision” by those who are called “the circumcision”—a circumcision made in the flesh by human hands(A) 12 remember that you were at that time without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 2.11 Gk in the flesh

Jew and Gentile Reconciled Through Christ

11 Therefore, remember that formerly(A) you who are Gentiles by birth and called “uncircumcised” by those who call themselves “the circumcision” (which is done in the body by human hands)(B) 12 remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners(C) to the covenants of the promise,(D) without hope(E) and without God in the world.

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in a fiery flame, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus.(A)

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He will punish(A) those who do not know God(B) and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus.(C)

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not with lustful passion, like the gentiles who do not know God;

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not in passionate lust(A) like the pagans,(B) who do not know God;(C)

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For they report about us what kind of welcome we had among you and how you turned to God from idols to serve a living and true God(A)

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for they themselves report what kind of reception you gave us. They tell how you turned(A) to God from idols(B) to serve the living and true God,(C)

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You have already spent enough time in doing what the gentiles like to do, living in debauchery, passions, drunkenness, revels, carousing, and lawless idolatry.(A)

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For you have spent enough time in the past(A) doing what pagans choose to do—living in debauchery, lust, drunkenness, orgies, carousing and detestable idolatry.(B)

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19 What do I imply, then? That food sacrificed to idols is anything or that an idol is anything? 20 No, I imply that what they[a] sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God. I do not want you to be partners with demons.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 10.20 Other ancient authorities read the gentiles

19 Do I mean then that food sacrificed to an idol is anything, or that an idol is anything?(A) 20 No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons,(B) not to God, and I do not want you to be participants with demons.

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21 For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, God decided, through the foolishness of the proclamation, to save those who believe.(A)

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21 For since in the wisdom of God the world(A) through its wisdom did not know him, God was pleased through the foolishness of what was preached to save(B) those who believe.(C)

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19 and have hurled their gods into the fire, though they were no gods but the work of human hands—wood and stone—and so they were destroyed.(A)

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19 They have thrown their gods into the fire(A) and destroyed them,(B) for they were not gods(C) but only wood and stone, fashioned by human hands.(D)

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Have you not driven out the priests of the Lord, the descendants of Aaron, and the Levites and made priests for yourselves like the peoples of other lands? Whoever comes to be consecrated with a young bull or seven rams becomes a priest of what are no gods.(A)

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But didn’t you drive out the priests(A) of the Lord,(B) the sons of Aaron, and the Levites, and make priests of your own as the peoples of other lands do? Whoever comes to consecrate himself with a young bull(C) and seven rams(D) may become a priest of what are not gods.(E)

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18 they are darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of their ignorance and hardness of heart.(A)

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18 They are darkened in their understanding(A) and separated from the life of God(B) because of the ignorance that is in them due to the hardening of their hearts.(C)

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You know that when you were gentiles you were enticed and led astray to idols that could not speak.(A)

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You know that when you were pagans,(A) somehow or other you were influenced and led astray to mute idols.(B)

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