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28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave[a] nor free, there is neither male nor female[b]—for all of you are one in Christ Jesus.

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 3:28 tn See the note on the word “slave” in 1:10.
  2. Galatians 3:28 tn Grk “male and female.”

28 There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free,(A) nor is there male and female,(B) for you are all one in Christ Jesus.(C)

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and has appointed[a] us as a kingdom,[b] as priests[c] serving his God and Father—to him be the glory and the power for ever and ever![d] Amen.

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 1:6 tn The verb ποιέω (poieō) can indicate appointment or assignment rather than simply “make” or “do.” See Mark 3:14 (L&N 37.106).
  2. Revelation 1:6 tn See BDAG 168 s.v. βασιλεία 1.a for the idea of “he made us a kingdom,” which was translated as “he appointed us (to be or function) as a kingdom” (see the note on the word “appointed” earlier in the verse).
  3. Revelation 1:6 tn Grk “a kingdom, priests.” The term ἱερεῖς (hiereis) is either in apposition to βασιλείαν (basileian) or as a second complement to the object “us” (ἡμᾶς, hēmas). The translation retains this ambiguity.
  4. Revelation 1:6 tc Both the longer reading τῶν αἰώνων (tōn aiōnōn, “to the ages of the ages” or, more idiomatically, “for ever and ever”; found in א C M) and the shorter (“for ever”; found in P18 A P 2050 bo) have good ms support. The author uses the longer expression (εἰς [τοὺς] αἰῶνας [τῶν] αἰώνων, eis [tous] aiōnas [tōn] aiōnōn) in every other instance of αἰών in Revelation, twelve passages in all (1:18; 4:9, 10; 5:13; 7:12; 10:6; 11:15; 14:11; 15:7; 19:3; 20:10; 22:5). Thus, on the one hand, the style of the author is consistent, while on the other hand, the scribes may have been familiar with such a stylistic feature, causing them to add the words here. The issues are more complex than can be presented here; the longer reading, however, is probably authentic (the shorter reading arising from accidental omission of the genitive phrase due to similarity with the preceding words).

and has made us to be a kingdom and priests(A) to serve his God and Father(B)—to him be glory and power for ever and ever! Amen.(C)

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