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Judá y Tamar

38 Fue por esos días cuando Judá se apartó de sus hermanos y se fue a Adulam, donde vivió en la casa de un amigo suyo que se llamaba Hirá. Allí Judá conoció a la hija de un cananeo llamado Súa, y se casó con ella. Después de un tiempo ella quedó embarazada y tuvo un hijo. Judá le puso por nombre Er.

4-5 Tiempo después, la esposa de Judá tuvo dos hijos más: a uno de ellos lo llamó Onán, y al otro lo llamó Selá. Este último nació en Quezib.

Judá le buscó esposa a Er, y lo casó con una mujer llamada Tamar. Pero a Dios no le gustaba la mala conducta de Er, así que le quitó la vida.

Entonces Judá le dijo a Onán: «Cásate con la viuda de tu hermano y cumple con tu deber de cuñado. Así tu difunto hermano tendrá hijos por medio de ti».

Onán sabía que los hijos que tuviera con su cuñada no serían considerados suyos, sino de su hermano. Por eso, cada vez que tenía relaciones sexuales con ella procuraba no dejarla embarazada. De ese modo evitaba darle hijos a su hermano muerto. 10 A Dios tampoco le gustó esta mala conducta de Onán, así que también le quitó la vida.

11 Entonces Judá le recomendó a Tamar que se quedara viuda hasta que Selá creciera. Y es que Judá tenía miedo de que también Selá muriera, como sus hermanos. Por eso Tamar se fue a vivir a la casa de su padre.

12 Pasó el tiempo, y murió la esposa de Judá. Luego de llorar su muerte, Judá se fue a Timnat, donde sus pastores estaban cortándoles la lana a sus ovejas. Su amigo Hirá lo acompañó.

13 Alguien fue a contarle a Tamar que su suegro iba de camino a Timnat, para recoger la lana de sus ovejas. 14 Entonces ella se quitó la ropa de luto, se tapó la cara con un velo, y fue a sentarse a la entrada de Enaim, junto al camino que lleva a Timnat. Tamar se había dado cuenta de que Selá ya había crecido y, sin embargo, Judá no lo casaba con ella.

15-16 Cuando Judá vio a una mujer con la cara cubierta, no se imaginó que se trataba de su nuera. Más bien, pensando que era una prostituta, se acercó a ella y le propuso:

—Oye, ¿me dejarías acostarme contigo?

Ella contestó:

—Suponiendo que te deje, ¿qué me darás a cambio?

17 —Te mandaré uno de mis cabritos —respondió Judá.

—Acepto —dijo ella—, sólo si me dejas algo tuyo como garantía de que me pagarás.

18 —¿Y qué quieres que te deje? —preguntó Judá.

—Pues déjame tu sello con todo y cordón, y la vara que llevas en la mano —respondió ella.

Judá aceptó sus condiciones, y tuvo relaciones sexuales con ella, y ella quedó embarazada. 19 Tan pronto como Judá se marchó, ella se quitó el velo y volvió a ponerse las ropas de luto.

20 Más tarde, cuando Judá mandó a su amigo Hirá para entregar el cabrito y recoger lo que le había dejado a Tamar, su amigo ya no la encontró. 21 Entonces les preguntó a los que vivían allí:

—¿Dónde está la prostituta que acostumbra sentarse junto al camino de Enaim?

Ellos contestaron:

—Aquí nunca ha habido ninguna prostituta.

22 El amigo de Judá regresó y le dijo:

—No encontré a esa mujer. Los de ese lugar me aseguran que allí no ha habido ninguna prostituta.

23 Judá respondió:

—¡Pues que se quede con todo! Pero nadie podrá decir que no cumplo mi palabra. Yo te envié con el cabrito, y tú ya no la encontraste.

24 Como a los tres meses, alguien fue a decirle a Judá:

—Seguramente tu nuera Tamar ha tenido relaciones con alguien, pues resulta que está embarazada.

Entonces Judá exclamó:

—¡Échenla fuera, y quémenla viva!

25 Cuando la estaban sacando, Tamar mandó a decirle a su suegro: «El dueño de todo esto fue quien me dejó embarazada. Fíjate bien, tal vez sepas quién es el dueño».

26 En cuanto Judá reconoció su sello y la vara, dijo:

—El culpable soy yo, y no ella, pues no quise darle a mi hijo Selá como esposo.

Y nunca más Judá volvió a tener relaciones sexuales con Tamar.

27 Tiempo después, Tamar tuvo mellizos. 28 Al momento de nacer, uno de los mellizos sacó la mano; entonces la mujer que ayudaba a Tamar le ató al niño una cinta roja en la muñeca y dijo: «Éste nació primero». 29 Pero el niño volvió a meter la mano, y el que nació primero fue el otro mellizo. Entonces dijo la mujer: «¡Vaya, te abriste paso!» Por eso le pusieron por nombre Fares. 30 Después de él nació su hermano, y como traía la cinta roja atada a la muñeca le pusieron por nombre Zérah.

Judah’s Sin with Tamar

38 About that time Judah left his brothers and went to stay with a man from Adullam whose name was Hirah. There Judah met the daughter of a Canaanite man whose name was Shua. He married her and slept with her. She became pregnant and gave birth to a son named [a] Er. She became pregnant again and gave birth to another son, whom she named Onan. Then she became pregnant again and gave birth to another son, whom she named Shelah. He was born at Kezib.

Judah chose a wife for his firstborn son Er. Her name was Tamar. Er angered the Lord. So the Lord took away his life. Then Judah said to Onan, “Go sleep with your brother’s widow. Do your duty for her as a brother-in-law, and produce a descendant for your brother.” But Onan knew that the descendant wouldn’t belong to him, so whenever he slept with his brother’s widow, he wasted his semen on the ground to avoid giving his brother a descendant. 10 What Onan did angered the Lord so much that the Lord took away Onan’s life too.

11 Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Return to your father’s home. Live as a widow until my son Shelah grows up.” He thought that this son, too, might die like his brothers. So Tamar went to live in her father’s home.

12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua, died. When Judah had finished mourning, he and his friend Hirah from Adullam went to Timnah where the men were shearing Judah’s sheep. 13 As soon as Tamar was told that her father-in-law was on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep, 14 she took off her widow’s clothes, covered her face with a veil, and disguised herself. Then she sat down at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah. (She did this because she realized that Shelah was grown up now, and she hadn’t been given to him in marriage.)

15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute because she had covered her face. 16 Since he didn’t know she was his daughter-in-law, he approached her by the roadside and said, “Come on, let’s sleep together!”

She asked, “What will you pay to sleep with me?”

17 “I’ll send you a young goat from the flock,” he answered.

She said, “First give me something as a deposit until you send it.”

18 “What should I give you as a deposit?” he asked.

“Your signet ring, its cord, and the shepherd’s staff that’s in your hand,” she answered.

So he gave them to her. Then he slept with her, and she became pregnant. 19 After she got up and left, she took off her veil and put her widow’s clothes back on.

20 Judah sent his friend Hirah to deliver the young goat so that he could get back his deposit from the woman, but his friend couldn’t find her. 21 He asked the men of that area, “Where’s that prostitute who was beside the road at Enaim?”

“There’s no prostitute here,” they answered.

22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I couldn’t find her. Even the men of that area said, ‘There’s no prostitute here.’ ”

23 Then Judah said, “Let her keep what I gave her, or we’ll become a laughingstock. After all, I did send her this young goat, but you couldn’t find her.”

24 About three months later Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has been acting like a prostitute. What’s more, because of it she’s pregnant.”

Judah ordered, “Bring her out to be burned.”

25 As she was brought out, she sent a message to her father-in-law, “I’m pregnant by the man who owns these things. See if you recognize whose signet ring, cord, and shepherd’s staff these are.”

26 Judah recognized them and said, “She’s not guilty. I am! She did this because I haven’t given her my son Shelah.” Judah never made love to her again.

27 The time came for Tamar to give birth, and she had twin boys. 28 When she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand. The midwife took a piece of red yarn, tied it on his wrist, and said, “This one came out first.” 29 As he pulled back his hand, his brother was born. So she said, “Is this how you burst into the world!” He was named Perez [Bursting Into]. 30 After that his brother was born with the red yarn on his hand. He was named Zerah [Sunrise].

Footnotes

  1. 38:3 Some Hebrew manuscripts “son, whom he named”; other Hebrew manuscripts, Samaritan Pentateuch, and Targum “son, whom she named.”

Judah and Tamar

38 At that time, Judah(A) left his brothers and went down to stay with a man of Adullam(B) named Hirah.(C) There Judah met the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua.(D) He married her and made love to her; she became pregnant and gave birth to a son, who was named Er.(E) She conceived again and gave birth to a son and named him Onan.(F) She gave birth to still another son and named him Shelah.(G) It was at Kezib that she gave birth to him.

Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.(H) But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight;(I) so the Lord put him to death.(J)

Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife and fulfill your duty to her as a brother-in-law to raise up offspring for your brother.”(K) But Onan knew that the child would not be his; so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to keep from providing offspring for his brother. 10 What he did was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death also.(L)

11 Judah then said to his daughter-in-law(M) Tamar,(N) “Live as a widow in your father’s household(O) until my son Shelah(P) grows up.”(Q) For he thought, “He may die too, just like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s household.

12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua,(R) died. When Judah had recovered from his grief, he went up to Timnah,(S) to the men who were shearing his sheep,(T) and his friend Hirah the Adullamite(U) went with him.

13 When Tamar(V) was told, “Your father-in-law is on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep,”(W) 14 she took off her widow’s clothes,(X) covered herself with a veil(Y) to disguise herself, and then sat down(Z) at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah.(AA) For she saw that, though Shelah(AB) had now grown up, she had not been given to him as his wife.

15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute,(AC) for she had covered her face. 16 Not realizing(AD) that she was his daughter-in-law,(AE) he went over to her by the roadside and said, “Come now, let me sleep with you.”(AF)

“And what will you give me to sleep with you?”(AG) she asked.

17 “I’ll send you a young goat(AH) from my flock,” he said.

“Will you give me something as a pledge(AI) until you send it?” she asked.

18 He said, “What pledge should I give you?”

“Your seal(AJ) and its cord, and the staff(AK) in your hand,” she answered. So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.(AL) 19 After she left, she took off her veil and put on her widow’s clothes(AM) again.

20 Meanwhile Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite(AN) in order to get his pledge(AO) back from the woman, but he did not find her. 21 He asked the men who lived there, “Where is the shrine prostitute(AP) who was beside the road at Enaim?”

“There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here,” they said.

22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I didn’t find her. Besides, the men who lived there said, ‘There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here.’”

23 Then Judah said, “Let her keep what she has,(AQ) or we will become a laughingstock.(AR) After all, I did send her this young goat, but you didn’t find her.”

24 About three months later Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar is guilty of prostitution, and as a result she is now pregnant.”

Judah said, “Bring her out and have her burned to death!”(AS)

25 As she was being brought out, she sent a message to her father-in-law. “I am pregnant by the man who owns these,” she said. And she added, “See if you recognize whose seal and cord and staff these are.”(AT)

26 Judah recognized them and said, “She is more righteous than I,(AU) since I wouldn’t give her to my son Shelah.(AV)” And he did not sleep with her again.

27 When the time came for her to give birth, there were twin boys in her womb.(AW) 28 As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife(AX) took a scarlet thread and tied it on his wrist(AY) and said, “This one came out first.” 29 But when he drew back his hand, his brother came out,(AZ) and she said, “So this is how you have broken out!” And he was named Perez.[a](BA) 30 Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread on his wrist,(BB) came out. And he was named Zerah.[b](BC)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 38:29 Perez means breaking out.
  2. Genesis 38:30 Zerah can mean scarlet or brightness.