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Pero también digo: Entre tanto que el heredero es niño, en nada difiere del esclavo, aunque es señor de todo, sino que está bajo tutores y administradores hasta el tiempo señalado por el padre. Así también nosotros, cuando éramos niños estábamos en esclavitud bajo los rudimentos del mundo. Pero cuando vino el cumplimiento del tiempo, Dios envió a su Hijo, nacido de mujer y nacido bajo la Ley, para redimir a los que estaban bajo la Ley, a fin de que recibiéramos la adopción de hijos. Y por cuanto sois hijos, Dios envió a vuestros corazones el Espíritu de su Hijo, el cual clama: «¡Abba, Padre!» Así que ya no eres esclavo, sino hijo; y si hijo, también heredero de Dios por medio de Cristo.

Exhortación contra el volver a la esclavitud

Ciertamente, en otro tiempo, cuando no conocíais a Dios, servíais a los que por naturaleza no son dioses; pero ahora, ya que conocéis a Dios o, más bien, que sois conocidos por Dios, ¿cómo es que os volvéis de nuevo a los débiles y pobres rudimentos, a los cuales os queréis volver a esclavizar? 10 Guardáis los días, los meses, los tiempos y los años. 11 Temo que mi trabajo en vuestro medio haya sido en vano.

12 Os ruego, hermanos, que os hagáis como yo, porque yo también me hice como vosotros. Ninguna ofensa me habéis hecho, 13 pues vosotros sabéis que a causa de una enfermedad del cuerpo os anuncié el evangelio al principio; 14 y no me despreciasteis ni rechazasteis por la prueba que tenía en mi cuerpo. Al contrario, me recibisteis como a un ángel de Dios, como a Cristo Jesús. 15 ¿Dónde, pues, está esa satisfacción que experimentabais? Porque os doy testimonio de que si hubierais podido, os habríais sacado vuestros propios ojos para dármelos. 16 ¿Me he hecho, pues, vuestro enemigo por deciros la verdad?

17 Se interesan por vosotros, pero no para vuestro bien, sino que quieren apartaros de nosotros para que vosotros os intereséis por ellos. 18 Bueno es mostrar interés por lo bueno siempre, y no solamente cuando estoy presente con vosotros.

19 Hijitos míos, por quienes vuelvo a sufrir dolores de parto, hasta que Cristo sea formado en vosotros, 20 quisiera estar con vosotros ahora mismo y cambiar de tono, pues estoy perplejo en cuanto a vosotros.

Alegoría de Sara y Agar

21 Decidme, los que queréis estar bajo la Ley: ¿no habéis oído la Ley?, 22 pues está escrito que Abraham tuvo dos hijos: uno de la esclava y el otro de la libre. 23 Pero el de la esclava nació según la carne; pero el de la libre, en virtud de la promesa. 24 Lo cual es una alegoría, pues estas mujeres son los dos pactos; el uno proviene del monte Sinaí, el cual da hijos para esclavitud; éste es Agar, 25 pues Agar es el monte Sinaí, en Arabia, y corresponde a la Jerusalén actual, ya que ésta, junto con sus hijos, está en esclavitud. 26 Pero la Jerusalén de arriba, la cual es madre de todos nosotros, es libre, 27 pues está escrito:

«¡Regocíjate, estéril, tú que no das a luz;
grita de júbilo y clama, tú que no tienes dolores de parto!,
porque más son los hijos de la abandonada que los de la que tiene marido.»

28 Así que, hermanos, nosotros, como Isaac, somos hijos de la promesa. 29 Pero como entonces el que había nacido según la carne perseguía al que había nacido según el Espíritu, así también ahora. 30 Pero ¿qué dice la Escritura?: «Echa fuera a la esclava y a su hijo, porque no heredará el hijo de la esclava con el hijo de la libre.» 31 De manera, hermanos, que no somos hijos de la esclava, sino de la libre.

Sons and Heirs Through Christ

Now I say that the heir, as long as he is a child, does not differ at all from a slave, though he is master of all, but is under guardians and stewards until the time appointed by the father. Even so we, when we were children, (A)were in bondage under the elements of the world. But (B)when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, (C)born[a] (D)of a woman, (E)born under the law, (F)to redeem those who were under the law, (G)that we might receive the adoption as sons.

And because you are sons, God has sent forth (H)the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, [b]“Abba, Father!” Therefore you are no longer a slave but a son, (I)and if a son, then an heir [c]of God [d]through Christ.

Fears for the Church

But then, indeed, (J)when you did not know God, (K)you served those which by nature are not gods. But now (L)after you have known God, or rather are known by God, (M)how is it that you turn again to (N)the weak and beggarly elements, to which you desire again to be in bondage? 10 (O)You observe days and months and seasons and years. 11 I am afraid for you, (P)lest I have labored for you in vain.

12 Brethren, I urge you to become like me, for I became like you. (Q)You have not injured me at all. 13 You know that (R)because of physical infirmity I preached the gospel to you at the first. 14 And my trial which was in my flesh you did not despise or reject, but you received me (S)as an [e]angel of God, (T)even as Christ Jesus. 15 [f]What then was the blessing you enjoyed? For I bear you witness that, if possible, you would have plucked out your own eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I therefore become your enemy because I tell you the truth?

17 They (U)zealously court you, but for no good; yes, they want to exclude you, that you may be zealous for them. 18 But it is good to be zealous in a good thing always, and not only when I am present with you. 19 (V)My little children, for whom I labor in birth again until Christ is formed in you, 20 I would like to be present with you now and to change my tone; for I have doubts about you.

Two Covenants(W)

21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons: (X)the one by a bondwoman, (Y)the other by a freewoman. 23 But he who was of the bondwoman (Z)was born according to the flesh, (AA)and he of the freewoman through promise, 24 which things are symbolic. For these are [g]the two covenants: the one from Mount (AB)Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar— 25 for this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia, and corresponds to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children— 26 but the (AC)Jerusalem above is free, which is the mother of us all. 27 For it is written:

(AD)“Rejoice, O barren,
You who do not bear!
Break forth and shout,
You who are not in labor!
For the desolate has many more children
Than she who has a husband.”

28 Now (AE)we, brethren, as Isaac was, are (AF)children of promise. 29 But, as (AG)he who was born according to the flesh then persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, (AH)even so it is now. 30 Nevertheless what does (AI)the Scripture say? (AJ)“Cast out the bondwoman and her son, for (AK)the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.” 31 So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman but of the free.

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:4 Or made
  2. Galatians 4:6 Lit., in Aram., Father
  3. Galatians 4:7 NU through God
  4. Galatians 4:7 NU omits through Christ
  5. Galatians 4:14 Or messenger
  6. Galatians 4:15 NU Where
  7. Galatians 4:24 NU, M omit the

Sons and Heirs

I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave,[a] though he is the owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by his father. In the same way we also, when we were children, (A)were enslaved to the elementary principles[b] of the world. But (B)when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, (C)born (D)of woman, born (E)under the law, (F)to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive (G)adoption as sons. And because you are sons, God has sent (H)the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” So you are no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then (I)an heir through God.

Paul's Concern for the Galatians

Formerly, when you (J)did not know God, you (K)were enslaved to those that by nature (L)are not gods. But now that you have come to know God, or rather (M)to be known by God, (N)how can you turn back again to (O)the weak and worthless elementary principles of the world, whose slaves you want to be once more? 10 (P)You observe days and months and seasons and years! 11 I am afraid (Q)I may have labored over you in vain.

12 Brothers,[c] (R)I entreat you, become as I am, for I also have become as you are. (S)You did me no wrong. 13 You know it was (T)because of a bodily ailment that I preached the gospel to you (U)at first, 14 and though my condition was a trial to you, you did not scorn or despise me, but received me (V)as an angel of God, (W)as Christ Jesus. 15 What then has become of your blessedness? For I testify to you that, if possible, you would have gouged out your eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I then become your enemy by (X)telling you the truth?[d] 17 They make much of you, but for no good purpose. They want to shut you out, that you may make much of them. 18 It is always good to be made much of for a good purpose, and (Y)not only when I am present with you, 19 (Z)my little children, (AA)for whom I am again in the anguish of childbirth until Christ (AB)is formed in you! 20 I wish I could be present with you now and change my tone, for I am perplexed about you.

Example of Hagar and Sarah

21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not listen to the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, (AC)one by a slave woman and (AD)one by a free woman. 23 But (AE)the son of the slave was born according to the flesh, while (AF)the son of the free woman was born through promise. 24 Now this may be interpreted allegorically: these women are two (AG)covenants. (AH)One is from Mount Sinai, bearing children for slavery; she is Hagar. 25 Now Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia;[e] she corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children. 26 But (AI)the Jerusalem above is free, and she is our mother. 27 For it is written,

(AJ)“Rejoice, O barren one who does not bear;
    break forth and cry aloud, you who are not in labor!
For the children of the desolate one will be more
    than those of the one who has a husband.”

28 Now you,[f] brothers, (AK)like Isaac, (AL)are children of promise. 29 But just as at that time he who was born according to the flesh (AM)persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, (AN)so also it is now. 30 But what does the Scripture say? (AO)“Cast out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with the son of the free woman.” 31 So, brothers, we are not children of the slave but (AP)of the free woman.

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:1 For the contextual rendering of the Greek word doulos, see Preface; also verse 7
  2. Galatians 4:3 Or elemental spirits; also verse 9
  3. Galatians 4:12 Or Brothers and sisters; also verses 28, 31
  4. Galatians 4:16 Or by dealing truthfully with you
  5. Galatians 4:25 Some manuscripts For Sinai is a mountain in Arabia
  6. Galatians 4:28 Some manuscripts we