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15 The Temple was completed on March 12,[a] during the sixth year of King Darius’s reign.

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Footnotes

  1. 6:15 Aramaic on the third day of the month Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. A number of events in Ezra can be cross-checked with dates in surviving Persian records and related accurately to our modern calendar. This day was March 12, 515 B.c.

15 The temple was completed on the third day of the month Adar, in the sixth year of the reign of King Darius.(A)

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So in the month of April,[a] during the twelfth year of King Xerxes’ reign, lots were cast in Haman’s presence (the lots were called purim) to determine the best day and month to take action. And the day selected was March 7, nearly a year later.[b]

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Footnotes

  1. 3:7a Hebrew in the first month, the month of Nisan. This month of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurred within the months of April and May 474 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.
  2. 3:7b As in 3:13, which reads the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar; Hebrew reads in the twelfth month, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. The date selected was March 7, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

In the twelfth year of King Xerxes, in the first month, the month of Nisan, the pur(A) (that is, the lot(B)) was cast in the presence of Haman to select a day and month. And the lot fell on[a] the twelfth month, the month of Adar.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. Esther 3:7 Septuagint; Hebrew does not have And the lot fell on.

21 calling on them to celebrate an annual festival on these two days.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 9:21 Hebrew on the fourteenth and fifteenth days of Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar.

21 to have them celebrate annually the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar

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19 So to this day, rural Jews living in remote villages celebrate an annual festival and holiday on the appointed day in late winter,[a] when they rejoice and send gifts of food to each other.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:19 Hebrew on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar. This day of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar occurs in February or March.

19 That is why rural Jews—those living in villages—observe the fourteenth of the month of Adar(A) as a day of joy and feasting, a day for giving presents to each other.(B)

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17 This was done throughout the provinces on March 7, and on March 8 they rested,[a] celebrating their victory with a day of feasting and gladness.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:17 Hebrew on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and on the fourteenth day they rested. These days were March 7 and 8, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

17 This happened on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and on the fourteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting(A) and joy.

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15 Then the Jews at Susa gathered together on March 8[a] and killed 300 more men, and again they took no plunder.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:15 Hebrew the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. This day was March 8, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

15 The Jews in Susa came together on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they put to death in Susa three hundred men, but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.(A)

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The Victory of the Jews

So on March 7[a] the two decrees of the king were put into effect. On that day, the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but quite the opposite happened. It was the Jews who overpowered their enemies.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:1 Hebrew on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. This day was March 7, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

On the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar,(A) the edict commanded by the king was to be carried out. On this day the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but now the tables were turned and the Jews got the upper hand(B) over those who hated them.(C)

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12 The day chosen for this event throughout all the provinces of King Xerxes was March 7 of the next year.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 8:12 Hebrew the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. The date selected was March 7, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

12 The day appointed for the Jews to do this in all the provinces of King Xerxes was the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar.(A)

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13 Dispatches were sent by swift messengers into all the provinces of the empire, giving the order that all Jews—young and old, including women and children—must be killed, slaughtered, and annihilated on a single day. This was scheduled to happen on March 7 of the next year.[a] The property of the Jews would be given to those who killed them.

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Footnotes

  1. 3:13 Hebrew on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, of the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar. The date selected was March 7, 473 B.c.; also see note on 2:16.

13 Dispatches were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces with the order to destroy, kill and annihilate all the Jews(A)—young and old, women and children—on a single day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar,(B) and to plunder(C) their goods.

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