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Because you nursed a long-standing hatred and handed the Israelites over to the sword at the time of their collapse, at the time of their final punishment,[a](A)

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Footnotes

  1. 35:5 Final punishment: throughout this oracle the prophet echoes the threat against the mountains of Israel found in chaps. 6–7.

Tyre

Thus says the Lord:

For three crimes of Tyre, and now four—
    I will not take it back—
Because they handed over an entire population to Edom,
    and did not remember their covenant of brotherhood,[a]
10 I will send fire upon the wall of Tyre,
    and it will devour its strongholds.

Edom

11 Thus says the Lord:

For three crimes of Edom, and now four—
    I will not take it back—
Because he pursued his brother[b] with the sword,
    suppressing all pity,
Persisting in his anger,
    his wrath raging without end,

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Footnotes

  1. 1:9 Did not remember their covenant of brotherhood: standard diplomatic language of this period, meaning “violated the treaty.” The violation may not have been against Israel itself but against a fellow “subject” nation of the ideal Davidic-Solomonic empire (cf. 2:1).
  2. 1:11 Pursued his brother: “brother” here may denote a fellow vassal or subject of Israel.

11 On the day you stood by,
    the day strangers carried off his possessions,
And foreigners entered his gates
    and cast lots for Jerusalem,
    you too were like one of them.[a](A)

12 [b]Do not gloat over the day of your brother,
    the day of his disaster;
Do not exult over the people of Judah
    on the day of their ruin;
Do not speak haughtily
    on the day of distress!
13 Do not enter the gate of my people
    on the day of their calamity;
Do not gloat—especially you—over his misfortune
    on the day of his calamity;
Do not lay hands upon his possessions
    on the day of his calamity!
14 Do not stand at the crossroads
    to cut down his survivors;
Do not hand over his fugitives
    on the day of distress!

Edom’s Fall and Judah’s Restoration

15 Near is the day of the Lord(B)
    against all the nations!
As you have done, so will it be done to you,
    your conduct will come back upon your own head;
16 As you drank[c] upon my holy mountain,
    so will all the nations drink continually.
Yes, they will drink and swallow,
    and will become as though they had not been.

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Footnotes

  1. 11 In 587 B.C., Edomites joined the invading Babylonian forces (v. 13) and captured escaping Judahites. The destruction of Jerusalem strengthened and expanded Edom’s hold on Judah’s southern territory.
  2. 12–14 The commands in vv. 12–14 are not to be understood as future prohibitions but as descriptions of crimes Edom in fact already committed on the day of Jerusalem’s fall described in v. 11.
  3. 16 As you drank: i.e., Judah has suffered the punishment of divine wrath in 587 B.C. The oracle promises a similar fate for the nations, especially Edom (v. 18). The metaphor “drinking the cup of God’s wrath” occurs often in the Bible; cf. Jb 21:20; Is 51:17–23; Jer 25:15–16; Rev 14:10.