Ezekiel 31:10-18
New English Translation
10 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Because it was tall in stature, and its top reached into the clouds, and it was proud of its height, 11 I gave it over to the leader of the nations. He has judged it thoroughly,[a] as its sinfulness deserves. I have thrown it out. 12 Foreigners from the most terrifying nations have cut it down and left it to lie there on the mountains. In all the valleys its branches have fallen, and its boughs lie broken in the ravines of the land. All the peoples of the land[b] have departed[c] from its shade and left it. 13 On its ruins all the birds of the sky will live, and all the wild animals[d] will walk[e] on its branches. 14 For this reason no watered trees will grow so tall; their tops will not reach into the clouds, nor will the well-watered ones grow that high.[f] For all of them have been appointed to die in the lower parts of the earth;[g] they will be among mere mortals,[h] with those who descend to the Pit.
15 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: On the day it[i] went down to Sheol I caused observers to lament.[j] I covered it with the deep and held back its rivers; its plentiful water was restrained. I clothed Lebanon in black for it, and all the trees of the field wilted because of it. 16 I made the nations shake at the sound of its fall, when I threw it down to Sheol, along with those who descend to the Pit.[k] Then all the trees of Eden, the choicest and the best of Lebanon, all that were well-watered, were comforted in the earth below. 17 Those who lived in its shade, its allies[l] among the nations, also went down with it to Sheol, to those killed by the sword. 18 Which of the trees of Eden was like you in majesty and loftiness? You will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the lower parts of the earth; you will lie among the uncircumcised, with those killed by the sword! This is what will happen to Pharaoh and all his hordes, declares the Sovereign Lord.’”
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- Ezekiel 31:11 tn Heb “acting he has acted with regard to it.” The infinitive absolute precedes the main verb to emphasize the certainty and decisiveness of the action depicted.
- Ezekiel 31:12 tn Or “earth” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
- Ezekiel 31:12 tn Heb “gone down.”
- Ezekiel 31:13 tn Heb “the beasts of the field,” referring to wild as opposed to domesticated animals.
- Ezekiel 31:13 tn Heb “be.”
- Ezekiel 31:14 tn Heb “and they will not stand to them in their height, all the drinkers of water.”
- Ezekiel 31:14 tn Heb “for death, to the lower earth.”
- Ezekiel 31:14 tn Heb “the sons of men.”
- Ezekiel 31:15 tn Or “he.”
- Ezekiel 31:15 tn Heb “I caused lamentation.” D. I. Block (Ezekiel [NICOT], 2:194-95) proposes an alternative root that would give the meaning: “I gated back the waters,” i.e., shut off the water supply.
- Ezekiel 31:16 sn For the expression “going down to the Pit,” see Ezek 26:20 and 32:18, 24, 29.
- Ezekiel 31:17 tn Heb “its arm.”
Ezekiel 31:10-18
Lexham English Bible
10 Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: “Because[a] it was tall in height and it set its treetop between[b] thick clouds, and he took pride in his tallness,[c] 11 then[d] I gave it into the hand of the leader of nations; he dealt thoroughly[e] with it according to its wickedness. I drove it out. 12 And strangers cut it off, the most ruthless of nations, and they abandoned it. On the mountains and in all of the valleys its branches fell, and its branches were broken in all the river channels of the land, and all the peoples of the world went out from its shadow, and they abandoned it. 13 On its fallen trunk all the birds[f] of the heaven[g] now dwell, and all the animals of the field were on its branches. 14 This occurred so that all of the trees with abundant water will not become tall, and they will not set their treetop between[h] their thick foliage,[i] and so thatall of the trees that are abundantly watered[j] will not stand up to them[k] in their tallness, for all of them, they have been given over to death, to the world below in the midst of mortals,[l] to the people going down to the grave.”[m]
15 Thus says the Lord Yahweh: “On the day of its going down to Sheol, I caused mourning; I covered over it with the deep, and I withheld its rivers, and many waters were restrained, and I brought gloom over it; Lebanon and all of the trees of the field, they had fainted because of it. 16 From the sound of its downfall I caused nations to shake when I made it go down to Sheol, with the people going down to the grave,[n] and so in the world below all of the trees of Eden, the choice and the best of Lebanon, all the well-watered trees[o] were comforted! 17 They also went down with it to Sheol to those who died by the sword,[p] and its army who had lived in its shadow in the midst of nations.
18 To whom could you be compared, whether in glory or in majesty[q] among the trees of Eden? And yet you will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the world below; in the midst of the uncircumcised you will lie with those who died by the sword.[r] That is Pharaoh and his entire[s] crowd!”[t] declares[u] the Lord Yahweh.
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- Ezekiel 31:10 Literally “because that”
- Ezekiel 31:10 Hebrew “to between”
- Ezekiel 31:10 Literally “and his heart he raised in his tallness”
- Ezekiel 31:11 Or “and”
- Ezekiel 31:11 Literally “doing he did”
- Ezekiel 31:13 Hebrew “bird”
- Ezekiel 31:13 Or “sky”
- Ezekiel 31:14 Or “among”
- Ezekiel 31:14 Or “clouds”
- Ezekiel 31:14 Literally “all of the drinkers of water”
- Ezekiel 31:14 Literally “will not stand to them”
- Ezekiel 31:14 Literally “sons of men,” or “children of humankind”
- Ezekiel 31:14 Or “pit”
- Ezekiel 31:16 Or “the pit”
- Ezekiel 31:16 Literally “all ofthe drinkers of water”
- Ezekiel 31:17 Literally “to the slain of the sword”
- Ezekiel 31:18 Literally “To who you are like as in glory and in majesty”
- Ezekiel 31:18 Literally “the slain of the sword”
- Ezekiel 31:18 Literally “all his hordes/crowd”
- Ezekiel 31:18 Or “hordes”
- Ezekiel 31:18 Literally “declaration of”
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