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Ézéchiel 29
La Bible du Semeur
Ézéchiel 29
La Bible du Semeur
Contre l’Egypte
Les Egyptiens dispersés
29 Le douzième jour du dixième mois de la dixième année[a], l’Eternel m’adressa la parole en ces termes :
2 Fils d’homme, dirige ton regard vers le pharaon, roi d’Egypte[b], et prophétise contre lui, contre l’Egypte tout entière. 3 Tu diras : « Voici ce que dit le Seigneur, l’Eternel :
Je vais m’en prendre à toi, ╵pharaon, roi d’Egypte,
toi le grand crocodile
tapi au milieu de tes fleuves[c],
toi qui as dit : ╵“Mon Nil, il est à moi,
et c’est moi qui l’ai fait.”
4 Je te passerai des crochets ╵dans les mâchoires,
je ferai adhérer ╵les poissons de tes fleuves ╵à tes écailles,
et je te tirerai ╵du milieu de tes fleuves,
avec tous les poissons ╵qui nagent dans tes fleuves
et qui adhéreront ╵à tes écailles.
5 Et je te jetterai ╵dans le désert,
toi et tous les poissons ╵qui nagent dans tes fleuves.
Et tu retomberas ╵sur le sol dans les champs,
sans que l’on te recueille ╵et qu’on t’ensevelisse.
Je te donnerai en pâture
aux animaux sauvages ╵et aux oiseaux du ciel.
6 Et tous les habitants ╵de l’Egypte reconnaîtront
que je suis l’Eternel.
Car les Israélites
n’ont trouvé en eux qu’un appui ╵aussi fragile qu’un roseau.
7 Quand ils t’ont saisi dans leur main, ╵tu as cassé
et leur as déchiré toute l’épaule,
et quand ils s’appuyaient sur toi, ╵tu t’es brisé
et tu leur as paralysé[d] les reins.
8 C’est pourquoi le Seigneur, l’Eternel, te déclare : Je vais faire venir l’épée pour t’attaquer, je supprimerai de chez toi les hommes et les bêtes ; 9 le pays d’Egypte deviendra un désert et une ruine, et l’on reconnaîtra que je suis l’Eternel.
Parce que tu as dit : “Le Nil m’appartient et c’est moi qui l’ai fait”, 10 à cause de cela, je vais m’en prendre à toi, à toi et à tes fleuves, et faire de l’Egypte des ruines, des ruines désertiques de Migdol à Assouan[e] et jusqu’à la frontière de l’Ethiopie. 11 Il n’y passera plus ni homme ni bête, car, pendant quarante ans, elle sera inhabitée. 12 Je ferai de l’Egypte le plus désertique de tous les pays et de ses villes les plus ravagées de toutes les villes en ruine : cela durera quarante ans. Je disséminerai les Egyptiens parmi les autres peuples, je les disperserai dans différents pays.
13 Mais voici ce que dit le Seigneur, l’Eternel : Au bout de quarante ans, moi, je rassemblerai les Egyptiens d’entre les peuples où on les aura dispersés, 14 et je ramènerai les captifs de l’Egypte, je les rétablirai au pays de Patros[f], leur pays d’origine, et là ils formeront un modeste royaume. 15 L’Egypte sera plus modeste que les autres royaumes, elle ne s’élèvera plus au-dessus des autres peuples. Je réduirai leur importance afin qu’ils ne dominent plus sur les autres peuples. 16 La communauté d’Israël ne mettra plus jamais sa confiance en eux. L’Egypte sera là comme un souvenir du péché[g] que mon peuple a commis en se tournant vers elle, et l’on reconnaîtra que moi, je suis le Seigneur, l’Eternel. »
Le salaire pour le siège de Tyr
17 Le premier jour du premier mois de la vingt-septième année[h], l’Eternel m’adressa la parole en ces termes :
18 Fils d’homme, Nabuchodonosor, le roi de Babylone, a soumis son armée à un effort immense pour lutter contre Tyr[i]. Les têtes des soldats en sont devenues chauves et toutes les épaules ont été écorchées[j] mais il n’a retiré aucun profit de Tyr, ni pour lui, ni pour son armée, pour cette opération qu’il a menée contre elle. 19 C’est pourquoi le Seigneur, l’Eternel, dit ceci : Je vais donner l’Egypte à Nabuchodonosor, le roi de Babylone. Il en emportera les nombreuses richesses, il y prendra un butin et la pillera complètement. L’Egypte servira de salaire à ses troupes. 20 Pour le rétribuer du travail contre Tyr, je lui livre l’Egypte, parce que ses troupes ont œuvré pour moi. C’est là ce que déclare le Seigneur, l’Eternel. 21 En ce jour-là, je ferai croître la force d’Israël. Quant à toi, tu pourras parler librement parmi eux[k], et ils reconnaîtront que je suis l’Eternel.
Footnotes
- 29.1 C’est-à-dire janvier 587 av. J.-C., peu avant l’assaut final des Babyloniens contre Jérusalem. Les Judéens se tournaient encore vers les Egyptiens dont ils espéraient le secours (v. 6,16).
- 29.2 Le pharaon visé est Hophra (589 à 570 av. J.-C.).
- 29.3 Soit les différents bras du Nil formant le delta, soit la multitude des canaux partant du fleuve et irriguant le pays.
- 29.7 tu leur as paralysé: d’après la version syriaque. Voir l’ancienne version grecque qui a : tu as brisé. Le texte hébreu traditionnel a : tu as affermi.
- 29.10 Migdol: probablement au nord de l’Egypte. Assouan: au sud de l’Egypte.
- 29.14 La Haute-Egypte.
- 29.16 Voir 17.15 ; 29.6.
- 29.17 C’est-à-dire en avril 571 av. J.-C.
- 29.18 Le siège de Tyr a duré 13 ans, de 586 à 573 av. J.-C.
- 29.18 Sans doute à cause des pénibles travaux nécessités par la construction d’une digue (terminée plus tard par Alexandre le Grand).
- 29.21 tu pourras parler librement parmi eux: il ne peut pas s’agir ici d’une annonce de la fin du mutisme du prophète (voir 3.26 et note). Cet oracle étant daté de 571 (voir v. 17 et note), il y avait bien longtemps que ce mutisme avait cessé (24.27 ; 33.21-22). Certains comprennent ce propos énigmatique comme annonçant la reconnaissance par le peuple de l’accomplissement de ses prophéties.
Ezekiel 29
New International Version
Ezekiel 29
New International Version
A Prophecy Against Egypt
Judgment on Pharaoh
29 In the tenth year, in the tenth month on the twelfth day, the word of the Lord came to me:(A) 2 “Son of man, set your face against(B) Pharaoh king of Egypt(C) and prophesy against him and against all Egypt.(D) 3 Speak to him and say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says:
“‘I am against you, Pharaoh(E) king of Egypt,
you great monster(F) lying among your streams.
You say, “The Nile(G) belongs to me;
I made it for myself.”
4 But I will put hooks(H) in your jaws
and make the fish of your streams stick to your scales.
I will pull you out from among your streams,
with all the fish sticking to your scales.(I)
5 I will leave you in the desert,
you and all the fish of your streams.
You will fall on the open field
and not be gathered(J) or picked up.
I will give you as food
to the beasts of the earth and the birds of the sky.(K)
6 Then all who live in Egypt will know that I am the Lord.
“‘You have been a staff of reed(L) for the people of Israel. 7 When they grasped you with their hands, you splintered(M) and you tore open their shoulders; when they leaned on you, you broke and their backs were wrenched.[a](N)
8 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will bring a sword against you and kill both man and beast.(O) 9 Egypt will become a desolate wasteland. Then they will know that I am the Lord.
“‘Because you said, “The Nile(P) is mine; I made it,(Q)” 10 therefore I am against you(R) and against your streams, and I will make the land of Egypt(S) a ruin and a desolate waste(T) from Migdol(U) to Aswan,(V) as far as the border of Cush.[b](W) 11 The foot of neither man nor beast will pass through it; no one will live there for forty years.(X) 12 I will make the land of Egypt desolate(Y) among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities. And I will disperse the Egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.(Z)
13 “‘Yet this is what the Sovereign Lord says: At the end of forty years I will gather the Egyptians from the nations where they were scattered. 14 I will bring them back from captivity and return them to Upper Egypt,(AA) the land of their ancestry. There they will be a lowly(AB) kingdom.(AC) 15 It will be the lowliest of kingdoms and will never again exalt itself above the other nations.(AD) I will make it so weak that it will never again rule over the nations. 16 Egypt will no longer be a source of confidence(AE) for the people of Israel but will be a reminder(AF) of their sin in turning to her for help.(AG) Then they will know that I am the Sovereign Lord.(AH)’”
Nebuchadnezzar’s Reward
17 In the twenty-seventh year, in the first month on the first day, the word of the Lord came to me:(AI) 18 “Son of man, Nebuchadnezzar(AJ) king of Babylon drove his army in a hard campaign against Tyre; every head was rubbed bare(AK) and every shoulder made raw.(AL) Yet he and his army got no reward from the campaign he led against Tyre. 19 Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am going to give Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar king(AM) of Babylon, and he will carry off its wealth. He will loot and plunder(AN) the land as pay for his army.(AO) 20 I have given him Egypt(AP) as a reward for his efforts because he and his army did it for me, declares the Sovereign Lord.(AQ)
21 “On that day I will make a horn[c](AR) grow for the Israelites, and I will open your mouth(AS) among them. Then they will know that I am the Lord.(AT)”
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 29:7 Syriac (see also Septuagint and Vulgate); Hebrew and you caused their backs to stand
- Ezekiel 29:10 That is, the upper Nile region
- Ezekiel 29:21 Horn here symbolizes strength.
Ezekiel 29
English Standard Version
Ezekiel 29
English Standard Version
Prophecy Against Egypt
29 (A)In the tenth year, in the tenth month, on the twelfth day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me: 2 (B)“Son of man, (C)set your face against (D)Pharaoh king of Egypt, (E)and prophesy against him and (F)against all Egypt; 3 speak, and say, Thus says the Lord God:
(G)“Behold, I am against you,
Pharaoh king of Egypt,
(H)the great dragon that lies
in the midst of his streams,
(I)that says, ‘My Nile is my own;
I made it for myself.’
4 I will (J)put hooks in your jaws,
and make the fish of your streams stick to your scales;
and I will draw you up out of the midst of your streams,
with all the fish of your streams
that stick to your scales.
5 (K)And I will cast you out into the wilderness,
you and all the fish of your streams;
you shall fall (L)on the open field,
and (M)not be brought together or gathered.
To the beasts of the earth and to the birds of the heavens
(N)I give you as food.
6 Then all the inhabitants of Egypt (O)shall know that I am the Lord.
“Because you[a] have been (P)a staff of reed to the house of Israel, 7 (Q)when they grasped you with the hand, you broke and tore all their shoulders; and when they leaned on you, you broke and made all their loins to shake.[b] 8 Therefore thus says the Lord God: (R)Behold, I will bring a sword upon you, and will cut off from you man and beast, 9 and the land of Egypt shall be a desolation and a waste. (S)Then they will know that I am the Lord.
(T)“Because you[c] said, ‘The Nile is mine, and I made it,’ 10 therefore, (U)behold, I am against you and (V)against your streams, and (W)I will make the land of Egypt an utter waste and desolation, (X)from Migdol to Syene, as far as the border of Cush. 11 (Y)No foot of man shall pass through it, and no foot of beast shall pass through it; it shall be uninhabited forty years. 12 (Z)And I will make the land of Egypt a desolation in the midst of desolated countries, and her cities shall be a desolation forty years among cities that are laid waste. (AA)I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and disperse them through the countries.
13 “For thus says the Lord God: At the end of forty years (AB)I will gather the Egyptians from the peoples among whom they were scattered, 14 and (AC)I will restore the fortunes of Egypt and bring them back to (AD)the land of Pathros, the land of their origin, and there they shall be a lowly kingdom. 15 It shall be the most lowly of the kingdoms, (AE)and never again exalt itself above the nations. And I will make them so small that they will never again rule over the nations. 16 And it shall never again be (AF)the reliance of the house of Israel, recalling their iniquity, when they turn to them for aid. (AG)Then they will know that I am the Lord God.”
17 (AH)In the twenty-seventh year, in the first month, on the first day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me: 18 (AI)“Son of man, (AJ)Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon made his army labor hard against Tyre. Every head was made bald, and every shoulder was rubbed bare, yet neither he nor his army got anything from Tyre to pay for the labor that he had performed against her. 19 Therefore thus says the Lord God: (AK)Behold, I will give the land of Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon; (AL)and he shall carry off its wealth[d] (AM)and despoil it and plunder it; and it shall be the wages for his army. 20 (AN)I have given him the land of Egypt as his payment for which he labored, because they worked for me, declares the Lord God.
21 “On that day (AO)I will cause a horn to spring up for the house of Israel, and (AP)I will open your lips among them. (AQ)Then they will know that I am the Lord.”
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 29:6 Hebrew they
- Ezekiel 29:7 Syriac (compare Psalm 69:23); Hebrew to stand
- Ezekiel 29:9 Hebrew he
- Ezekiel 29:19 Or multitude
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