The Life-Giving River

47 Then he brought me back to the entrance of the temple and there was water flowing from under the threshold of the temple toward the east, for the temple faced east. The water was coming down from under the south side of the threshold of the temple, south of the altar.(A) Next he brought me out by way of the north gate and led me around the outside to the outer gate that faced east; there the water was trickling from the south side. As the man went out east with a measuring line in his hand,(B) he measured off a third of a mile[a] and led me through the water. It came up to my ankles. Then he measured off a third of a mile and led me through the water. It came up to my knees. He measured off another third of a mile and led me through the water. It came up to my waist. Again he measured off a third of a mile, and it was a river that I could not cross on foot. For the water had risen; it was deep enough to swim in, a river that could not be crossed on foot.

He asked me, “Do you see this, son of man?” Then he led me back to the bank of the river. When I had returned, I saw a very large number of trees along both sides of the riverbank.(C) He said to me, “This water flows out to the eastern region and goes down to the Arabah. When it enters the sea, the sea of foul water,[b][c] the water of the sea becomes fresh.(D) Every kind of living creature that swarms will live wherever the river flows,[d] and there will be a huge number of fish because this water goes there. Since the water will become fresh, there will be life everywhere the river goes. 10 Fishermen will stand beside it from En-gedi to En-eglaim.[e] These will become places where nets are spread out to dry. Their fish will consist of many different kinds, like the fish of the Mediterranean Sea.(E) 11 Yet its swamps and marshes will not be healed; they will be left for salt. 12 All kinds of trees providing food will grow along both banks of the river. Their leaves will not wither, and their fruit will not fail.(F) Each month they will bear fresh fruit because the water comes from the sanctuary. Their fruit will be used for eating and their leaves for healing.”(G)

The Borders of the Land

13 This is what the Lord God says: “This is[f] the border you will use to divide the land(H) as an inheritance for the twelve tribes of Israel. Joseph will receive two shares.(I) 14 You will inherit it in equal portions, since I swore[g] to give it to your ancestors.(J) So this land will fall to you as an inheritance.

15 This is to be the border of the land:

On the north side(K) it will extend from the Mediterranean Sea by way of Hethlon and Lebo-hamath to Zedad,[h] 16 Berothah, and Sibraim (which is between the border of Damascus and the border of Hamath), as far as Hazer-hatticon, which is on the border of Hauran. 17 So the border will run from the sea to Hazar-enon at the border(L) of Damascus, with the territory of Hamath to the north. This will be the northern side.

18 On the east side it will run between Hauran and Damascus, along the Jordan between Gilead and the land of Israel; you will measure from the northern border to the eastern sea.[i] This will be the eastern side.

19 On the south side it will run from Tamar to the Waters of Meribath-kadesh,[j] and on to the Brook of Egypt(M) as far as the Mediterranean Sea.(N) This will be the southern side.

20 On the west side the Mediterranean Sea will be the border, from the southern border up to a point opposite Lebo-hamath. This will be the western side.

21 “You are to divide this land among yourselves according to the tribes of Israel.(O) 22 You will allot it as an inheritance for yourselves and for the aliens residing among you,(P) who have fathered children among you. You will treat them[k] like native-born Israelites; along with you, they will be allotted an inheritance among the tribes of Israel. 23 In whatever tribe the alien resides, you will assign his inheritance there.” This is the declaration of the Lord God.

Footnotes

  1. 47:3 Lit 1,000 cubits, also in vv. 4,5
  2. 47:8 Or enters the sea, being brought out to the sea; Hb obscure
  3. 47:8 = the Dead Sea
  4. 47:9 LXX, Vg; MT reads the two rivers flow
  5. 47:10 Two springs near the Dead Sea
  6. 47:13 Tg, Vg; Syr reads The valley of
  7. 47:14 Lit lifted my hand
  8. 47:15 LXX; MT reads and Lebo to Zedad, Hamath; Ezk 48:1
  9. 47:18 = the Dead Sea
  10. 47:19 = Kadesh-barnea
  11. 47:22 Lit They will be to you

The Vision of the Temple River

47 After this, he brought me back to the doorway to the Temple. To my amazement, there was water flowing out toward the east from beneath the threshold of the Temple! (The Temple faced eastward.) The water flowed down from beneath the right side of the Temple,[a] that is, from the south-facing side where the altar was located. Then he brought me out through the north gateway and around to the one outside that faces toward the east. To my amazement, water was trickling out from that part of[b] the south side, too!

As the man went out toward the east, he carried a measuring line in his hand. He measured out 1,000 cubits[c] as he led me through water that was ankle-deep. Then he measured out another 1,000 cubits,[d] where he led me through water that was knee-deep. And then he measured out another 1,000 cubits,[e] where the water was waist-deep. When he had measured out another 1,000 cubits,[f] the water had become deep enough that I wasn’t able to ford it. Instead, I would have had to swim through it.

Then, as he was bringing me back along the river bank, he asked me, “Son of Man, did you see all of this?” As we were coming back, I was amazed to see that there were many, many trees lining both banks of the river. He told me, “This river flows toward the eastern territories all the way down into the Arabah,[g] and from there its water flows toward the Dead[h] Sea, where the sea water turns fresh. It will support all kinds of living creatures that will thrive abundantly wherever the river flows. There will be a great many fish, because this water will flow there and turn the salt water fresh. As a result, everything will live wherever the river flows. 10 A day will come when fishermen will line its banks—from En-gedi to En-eglaim[i] there will be plenty of room to spread out nets. There will be all sorts of species of fish, as abundant as the fish that live in the Mediterranean[j] Sea. There will be lots of them!

11 “The river delta[k] will consist of swamps and marshes that will remain a salt water wetland preserve. 12 Lining each side of the river banks, all sorts of species of fruit trees will be growing. Their leaves will never wither and their fruit will never fail. They will bear fruit every month, because the water that nourishes them will be flowing from the sanctuary. Their fruit will be for food and their leaves will contain substances that promote healing.”

Israel’s Future Borders Delineated

13 This is what the Lord God says: “This is to be the territorial border by which you apportion the land for an inheritance among the twelve tribes of Israel, with Joseph double-portioned. 14 Apportion it for their inheritances, distributing everything equally as if you were distributing things to your own[l] brother, which is how I promised to give it to your ancestors. This way, the land will fall to you as an inheritance.

15 “This is to be the[m] border for the land: on the north side, from the Mediterranean[n] Sea by the Hethlon Road to the entrance of Zedad, 16 Hamath, Berothah, Sibraim (which lies between the border of Damascus and the border of Hamath), and Hazer-hatticon, which is on the border of Hauran. 17 The border is to proceed from the Mediterranean[o] Sea to Hazer-enan (a border of Damascus), and on the north facing north is to be the border of Hamath. This is to be the north side.

18 “The eastern extremity is to proceed from between Hauran and[p] Damascus, then between Gilead, and then through the land of Israel—the Jordan River.[q] You are to measure from the northern border to the Dead[r] Sea. This is to be the eastern perimeter.

19 “You are to determine the southern extremity running from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, then from there proceeding to the Wadi,[s] and then to the Mediterranean[t] Sea. This is to be the southern[u] perimeter.

20 “The western[v] perimeter is to be the Mediterranean[w] Sea, from the southernmost border to a location opposite the entrance to Hamath. This is to be the western[x] perimeter.

21 “You are to apportion this land among yourselves according to the tribes of Israel, 22 dividing it by lottery among yourselves and among the foreigners who live among you and bear children among you. You are to treat them like native-born Israelis. Among you they,[y] too, are to be allotted an inheritance with the tribes of Israel. 23 Furthermore, you are to provide the foreigner’s inheritance there in the tribe within which he remains,” declares the Lord God.

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 47:1 I.e. the right side as one inside the temple faced toward the east.
  2. Ezekiel 47:2 The Heb. lacks that part of
  3. Ezekiel 47:3 I.e. about 1,750 feet; a royal cubit was about 21 inches
  4. Ezekiel 47:4 The Heb. lacks cubits
  5. Ezekiel 47:4 The Heb. lacks cubits
  6. Ezekiel 47:5 The Heb. lacks cubits
  7. Ezekiel 47:8 I.e. Israel’s southern desert areas including from the Sea of Galilee to the Red Sea through the Dead Sea
  8. Ezekiel 47:8 The Heb. lacks Dead
  9. Ezekiel 47:10 I.e. a city probably located on the northwest shore of the Dead Sea, not far from En-gedi, perhaps modern ‘Ain Feshka
  10. Ezekiel 47:10 Lit. Great
  11. Ezekiel 47:11 The Heb. lacks delta
  12. Ezekiel 47:14 The Heb. lacks own
  13. Ezekiel 47:15 The Heb. lacks is to be the
  14. Ezekiel 47:15 Lit. Great
  15. Ezekiel 47:17 The Heb. lacks Mediterranean
  16. Ezekiel 47:18 Lit. Hauran and then between
  17. Ezekiel 47:18 The Heb. lacks River
  18. Ezekiel 47:18 Lit. Eastern
  19. Ezekiel 47:19 I.e. the Wadi of Egypt, a seasonal stream or river that channels water during rain seasons but is dry at other times; ancient Israel’s southwestern-most border
  20. Ezekiel 47:19 Lit. Great
  21. Ezekiel 47:19 Or Negev
  22. Ezekiel 47:20 Lit. sea; i.e. the border running along the Mediterranean Sea
  23. Ezekiel 47:20 Lit. Great
  24. Ezekiel 47:20 Lit. sea; i.e. the border running along the Mediterranean Sea
  25. Ezekiel 47:22 Or Israelis among you. They