Ezekiel 1
Evangelical Heritage Version
Ezekiel’s First Vision
1 In the thirtieth year,[a] in the fourth month, on the fifth day of the month, when I was among the exiles by the Kebar Canal, the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God. 2 On the fifth of that month, in the fifth year of the exile of King Jehoiachin, 3 the word of the Lord came in a dramatic way[b] upon Ezekiel, the son of Buzi, the priest, in the land of the Chaldeans,[c] by the Kebar Canal, and the hand of the Lord was upon him there.
The Glory of the Lord Appears
4 As I watched, I noticed a windstorm coming from the north. There was a large cloud, with fire flashing through it, and there was a bright light all around it. In the middle of it, there was something that looked like glowing metal[d] in the middle of the fire.
5 In the middle of it I saw what looked like four living creatures. This was what they looked like. Each of them had a human appearance, 6 but each one had four faces, and each of them had four wings. 7 Each of their legs was straight,[e] and their feet were like a calf’s hoof, and they gleamed like polished bronze. 8 They had human hands under their wings on all four of their sides. All four of them had faces and wings.
9 Their wings were touching one another. The creatures did not turn from side to side as they moved, but each one faced straight ahead.[f]
10 This is what their faces looked like. Each one had a face like a man’s face. On the right side of their heads, all four of them had a face like a lion. On the left side, all four of them had a face like an ox. All four of them also had a face like an eagle. 11 Those were their faces.
Their wings were stretched upward. Each of them had one pair of wings which touched the wings of each of the cherubs next to it and another pair of wings which covered their bodies.
12 Each one faced straight ahead as it moved. They went in whatever direction the spirit[g] wanted to go. They did not turn as they moved ahead.
13 The appearance of the living creatures was like red-hot coals, like the appearance of blazing torches. Fire was moving back and forth among the living creatures. The fire was bright, and lightning was coming out of the fire. 14 The creatures darted back and forth. They looked like jagged bolts of lightning.
15 As I looked at the living creatures, I noticed one wheel on the ground beside each one of the living creatures that had four faces. 16 The appearance of the wheels and their design were like the sparkle of topaz,[h] and the four of them looked alike. Their appearance and their design were like a wheel within a wheel.[i] 17 They could go in any of the four directions when they moved, but the wheels did not turn from side to side when they moved.[j] 18 As for their rims, they were high and intimidating, and their rims were full of eyes all the way around—all four of them. 19 Whenever the living creatures moved, the wheels moved beside them, and whenever the living creatures would rise from the ground, the wheels rose too.
20 Wherever the spirit wanted to go, they would go. Wherever the spirit wanted to go,[k] the wheels would rise together with them, because the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels. 21 Whenever the living creatures moved, the wheels would move. Whenever the living creatures stood still, the wheels would stand still. Whenever the living creatures rose from the ground, the wheels would rise together with them, because the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels.
22 There was something above the heads of the living creatures like the dome of a vaulted ceiling.[l] It looked like ice. It was spectacular. It stretched out above their heads. 23 Under the dome, two of their wings were stretched out to touch the wing of another one of the creatures. Each of the creatures also had two wings covering themselves, each had two wings covering themselves—covering their bodies.[m] 24 I heard the sound of their wings, like the sound of rushing water. It was like the voice of the Almighty when they moved—a sound of commotion, like the noise in an army camp. When they stood still, they lowered their wings. 25 A voice came from above the dome that was over their heads. When they stood still, they lowered their wings.
26 Above the dome that was over their heads, there was something that appeared to be a sapphire that was shaped like a throne. Seated on that throne-like form there was a figure that looked like a man. 27 I saw something like the gleam of glowing metal[n] with fire in it and all around it. It extended upward from what appeared to be the man’s waist. Below what appeared to be his waist, I saw what appeared to be fire, and a bright light surrounded him. 28 The bright light that surrounded him looked like the rainbow that is in the clouds on a rainy day.
This was the appearance of the likeness of the Glory of the Lord. When I saw this, I fell on my face, and I heard a voice speaking.
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 1:1 Apparently the thirtieth year of Ezekiel’s life, when he would have become eligible to serve as a priest in the Temple, if he had not been in exile in Babylon
- Ezekiel 1:3 Or in a powerful way. The Hebrew uses an intensive verb form.
- Ezekiel 1:3 The Chaldeans were the ethnic group ruling Babylon.
- Ezekiel 1:4 Perhaps electrum, a natural alloy of gold and silver, or perhaps amber
- Ezekiel 1:7 Or stretched out straight. It is not clear what this phrase means. Perhaps it means they did not bend at the knee. It is also uncertain whether each creature had two legs like a man or four legs like an ox, as many cherubim pictured in Near Eastern art have.
- Ezekiel 1:9 This apparently means that each one of the living creatures that Ezekiel was seeing always remained facing in one of the four directions of the compass. When the platform moved in any direction, the living creature facing that direction served as the driver. The other living creatures did not turn when the platform serving as a chariot headed in a different direction, but they remained facing in their assigned direction.
- Ezekiel 1:12 Or Spirit
- Ezekiel 1:16 Hebrew tarshish, a gemstone of uncertain identity
- Ezekiel 1:16 This seems to mean one wheel was at a right angle inside the other.
- Ezekiel 1:17 The wheels revolved when the platform was moving in the direction they faced, but the wheels did not turn to the right or left as automobile wheels do.
- Ezekiel 1:20 Repetitious speech is common in Ezekiel. Such repetition often marks excited, emotional speech.
- Ezekiel 1:22 This is the same word that describes the dome or expanse of the heavens in Genesis 1. Here this structure serves as a platform for God’s throne.
- Ezekiel 1:23 The repetition may be due to excited speech, due to seeing such an amazing vision.
- Ezekiel 1:27 Or electrum, a natural alloy of silver and gold, or amber
Ezekiel 1
Lexham English Bible
Date of Vision of Living Creatures and Glory of the Throne of Yahweh
1 And it was in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, on the fifth day of the month, and I was in the midst of[a] the exiles[b] by the Kebar River.[c] The heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God. 2 On the fifth day of the month—it was the fifth year of the exile of the king Jehoiachin— 3 the word of Yahweh came[d] clearly[e] to Ezekiel the son of Buzi, the priest, in the land of the Chaldeans at the Kebar River,[f] and the hand of Yahweh was on him there.
4 And I looked,[g] and look! A storm wind was coming from the north, a great cloud, and fire flashing back and forth, and brightness around and within it,[h] and from its midst[i] it was like the outward appearance of amber stone from the midst[j] of the fire. 5 And from its midst[k] was the likeness of four living creatures, and this was their appearance: a human form,[l] 6 and each had four faces,[m] and each of them had four wings.[n] 7 And their legs were straight legs, and the sole of their feet was like the sole of the foot of a calf, and they were sparkling like the outward appearance of polished bronze. 8 And under their wings were human hands[o] on their four sides. And their faces and their wings for the four of them were as follows: 9 their wings were touching one another;[p] each of them went straight forward,[q] without turning right or left.[r] 10 The likeness of their faces was the face of a human in front, and the face of a lion on the right of each of them,[s] and the face of an ox on the left of each of them,[t] and the face of an eagle for each of them.[u] 11 So were their faces; their wings were spread out upward;[v] each had two touching one another and two covering their bodies. 12 And each went straight forward;[w] wherever the spirit went[x] they went, and they did not turn as they went.[y] 13 As for[z] the likeness of the living creatures, their appearance was like burning coals of fire, like the appearance of torches. It[aa] was moving to and fro between the living creatures, and the fire was very bright[ab] and lightning was going out from the fire. 14 And the living creatures were speeding to and fro[ac] like the appearance of lightning.
15 And I saw the living creatures, and look! A wheel was on the earth[ad] beside each of the living creatures that had four faces.[ae] 16 The appearance of the wheels and their construction was like the appearance of beryl,[af] and they all looked alike,[ag] and their appearance and their construction was like a wheel within a wheel.[ah] 17 When they moved, they went toward their four sides; they did not veer at all as they went.[ai] 18 And their rims were high and awesome,[aj] and all four of[ak] their rims were full of eyes all around. 19 And at the going of the living creatures, the wheels next to them also went, and when the creatures were lifted from the ground[al] the wheels also rose. 20 Wherever[am] the spirit went they would go there, and the wheels rose, for the spirit of the living creatures[an] was in the wheels. 21 At their[ao] going, they[ap] go, and at their standing, they stood, and at their being lifted up from on the earth,[aq] the wheels rose,[ar] for the spirit of the living creatures[as] was in the wheels.
22 Now[at] the likeness above the heads of the living creatures was an expanse like the outward appearance of awesome[au] ice[av] spread out above their heads upward.[aw] 23 And under the expanse their wings were stretched out straight one toward the other;[ax] each had two wings covering them, and each had two wings covering their bodies. 24 And I heard the sound of their wings like the sound of many waters, like the voice of Shaddai,[ay] and when they moved[az] there was a sound of tumult like the sound of an army; when they stood still[ba] they lowered their wings. 25 And there was[bb] a sound from above the expanse that was above their heads, and when they stood[bc] they lowered their wings. 26 And from above the expanse that was above their heads there was the likeness of a throne, looking like a sapphire,[bd] and above the likeness of the throne was a likeness similar to[be] the appearance of a human on it, but above it.[bf] 27 And I saw something like the outward appearance of amber, something like the appearance of fire, with a covering around it, from the likeness of his loins and upward.[bg] And from the likeness of his loins and downward[bh] I saw something like the appearance of fire, and it was radiant all around.[bi] 28 Like the appearance[bj] of a bow that is in the cloud on a rainy day,[bk] such was the radiance[bl] around it; thus was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of Yahweh. And I saw, and I fell on my face, and I heard a voice speaking.
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 1:1 Or “among”
- Ezekiel 1:1 Hebrew “exile”
- Ezekiel 1:1 Literally “river of Kebar”
- Ezekiel 1:3 Literally “was”
- Ezekiel 1:3 Or “certainly”
- Ezekiel 1:3 Literally “river of Kebar”
- Ezekiel 1:4 Or “saw”
- Ezekiel 1:4 Literally “for it”
- Ezekiel 1:4 Or “middle”
- Ezekiel 1:4 Or “middle”
- Ezekiel 1:5 Or “middle”
- Ezekiel 1:5 Literally “this their appearance the likeness of a human to them”
- Ezekiel 1:6 Literally “and four faces to each”
- Ezekiel 1:6 Literally “and four wings to each for them”
- Ezekiel 1:8 Literally “hand his a man”
- Ezekiel 1:9 Literally “their wings were touching each her sister”
- Ezekiel 1:9 Literally “they did not turn at their going”
- Ezekiel 1:9 Literally “each toward the side of his face they went”
- Ezekiel 1:10 Literally “of the four of them”
- Ezekiel 1:10 Literally “of the four of them”
- Ezekiel 1:10 Literally “of the four of them”
- Ezekiel 1:11 Literally “from to above”
- Ezekiel 1:12 Literally “toward the side of his face they went”
- Ezekiel 1:12 Literally “towards which it was there the spirit”
- Ezekiel 1:12 Literally “they did not turn at their going”
- Ezekiel 1:13 Or “And”
- Ezekiel 1:13 That is, the fire
- Ezekiel 1:13 Literally “brightness was for the fire”
- Ezekiel 1:14 Literally “sped forth and returned”
- Ezekiel 1:15 Or “ground”
- Ezekiel 1:15 Literally “the living creatures for the four of his/its faces.” The LXX has “for the four of them.”
- Ezekiel 1:16 Or “chrysolite,” or “topaz”; this stone is difficult to identify exactly
- Ezekiel 1:16 Literally “likeness was one for the four of them”
- Ezekiel 1:16 Literally “as that it was a wheel in the midst of a wheel”
- Ezekiel 1:17 Literally “turn away when they went”
- Ezekiel 1:18 Literally “height was for them and awesomeness was for them”
- Ezekiel 1:18 Literally “of the four of them”
- Ezekiel 1:19 Literally “and at the lifting up of the creatures from the earth”
- Ezekiel 1:20 Literally “Toward which”
- Ezekiel 1:20 Hebrew “creature”
- Ezekiel 1:21 That is, the living creatures
- Ezekiel 1:21 That is, the wheels
- Ezekiel 1:21 Or “ground”
- Ezekiel 1:21 Or “were lifted up”
- Ezekiel 1:21 Hebrew “creature”
- Ezekiel 1:22 Or “And”
- Ezekiel 1:22 Literally “terrible”
- Ezekiel 1:22 Literally “frozen water”
- Ezekiel 1:22 Literally “from to upward”
- Ezekiel 1:23 Literally “each towards its sister”
- Ezekiel 1:24 Often translated “Almighty”
- Ezekiel 1:24 Literally “at their going”
- Ezekiel 1:24 Literally “at their standing”
- Ezekiel 1:25 Or “it was”
- Ezekiel 1:25 Literally “at their standing”
- Ezekiel 1:26 Literally “the appearance of a stone of sapphire”
- Ezekiel 1:26 Or “like”
- Ezekiel 1:26 Literally “from to above”
- Ezekiel 1:27 Literally “to above”
- Ezekiel 1:27 Literally “to down”
- Ezekiel 1:27 Literally “brightness was for it around”
- Ezekiel 1:28 Or “likeness”
- Ezekiel 1:28 Literally “the day of the rain”
- Ezekiel 1:28 Or “brightness”
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