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28 Then my people will know that I am the Lord their God, because I sent them away to exile and brought them home again. I will leave none of my people behind.

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28 Then they will know that I am the Lord their God, for though I sent them into exile among the nations, I will gather them(A) to their own land, not leaving any behind.(B)

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22 And from that time on the people of Israel will know that I am the Lord their God.

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22 From that day forward the people of Israel will know that I am the Lord their God.

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Well then, has God failed to fulfill his promise to Israel? No, for not all who are born into the nation of Israel are truly members of God’s people! Being descendants of Abraham doesn’t make them truly Abraham’s children. For the Scriptures say, “Isaac is the son through whom your descendants will be counted,”[a] though Abraham had other children, too. This means that Abraham’s physical descendants are not necessarily children of God. Only the children of the promise are considered to be Abraham’s children.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:7 Gen 21:12.

God’s Sovereign Choice

It is not as though God’s word(A) had failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.(B) Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham’s children. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.”[a](C) In other words, it is not the children by physical descent who are God’s children,(D) but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as Abraham’s offspring.(E)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:7 Gen. 21:12

“For I will give the command
    and will shake Israel along with the other nations
as grain is shaken in a sieve,
    yet not one true kernel will be lost.

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“For I will give the command,
    and I will shake the people of Israel
    among all the nations
as grain(A) is shaken in a sieve,(B)
    and not a pebble will reach the ground.(C)

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12 Yet the time will come when the Lord will gather them together like handpicked grain. One by one he will gather them—from the Euphrates River[a] in the east to the Brook of Egypt in the west.

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Footnotes

  1. 27:12 Hebrew the river.

12 In that day the Lord will thresh(A) from the flowing Euphrates to the Wadi of Egypt,(B) and you, Israel, will be gathered(C) up one by one.

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God’s Mercy on Israel

11 I ask, then, has God rejected his own people, the nation of Israel? Of course not! I myself am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham and a member of the tribe of Benjamin.

No, God has not rejected his own people, whom he chose from the very beginning. Do you realize what the Scriptures say about this? Elijah the prophet complained to God about the people of Israel and said, Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars. I am the only one left, and now they are trying to kill me, too.”[a]

And do you remember God’s reply? He said, “No, I have 7,000 others who have never bowed down to Baal!”[b]

It is the same today, for a few of the people of Israel[c] have remained faithful because of God’s grace—his undeserved kindness in choosing them. And since it is through God’s kindness, then it is not by their good works. For in that case, God’s grace would not be what it really is—free and undeserved.

So this is the situation: Most of the people of Israel have not found the favor of God they are looking for so earnestly. A few have—the ones God has chosen—but the hearts of the rest were hardened.

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Footnotes

  1. 11:3 1 Kgs 19:10, 14.
  2. 11:4 1 Kgs 19:18.
  3. 11:5 Greek for a remnant.

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(A) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(B) from the tribe of Benjamin.(C) God did not reject his people,(D) whom he foreknew.(E) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[a]?(F) And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[b](G) So too, at the present time there is a remnant(H) chosen by grace.(I) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(J) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(K) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(L)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
  2. Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18

30 In this way, they will know that I, the Lord their God, am with them. And they will know that they, the people of Israel, are my people, says the Sovereign Lord.

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30 Then they will know that I, the Lord their God, am with them and that they, the Israelites, are my people, declares the Sovereign Lord.(A)

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then the Lord your God will restore your fortunes. He will have mercy on you and gather you back from all the nations where he has scattered you. Even though you are banished to the ends of the earth,[a] the Lord your God will gather you from there and bring you back again.

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Footnotes

  1. 30:4 Hebrew of the heavens.

then the Lord your God will restore your fortunes[a](A) and have compassion(B) on you and gather(C) you again from all the nations where he scattered(D) you.(E) Even if you have been banished to the most distant land under the heavens,(F) from there the Lord your God will gather(G) you and bring you back.(H)

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 30:3 Or will bring you back from captivity

20 I will be faithful to you and make you mine,
    and you will finally know me as the Lord.

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20 I will betroth you in[a] faithfulness,
    and you will acknowledge(A) the Lord.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. Hosea 2:20 Or with

“Please remember what you told your servant Moses: ‘If you are unfaithful to me, I will scatter you among the nations. But if you return to me and obey my commands and live by them, then even if you are exiled to the ends of the earth,[a] I will bring you back to the place I have chosen for my name to be honored.’

10 “The people you rescued by your great power and strong hand are your servants.

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Footnotes

  1. 1:9 Hebrew of the heavens.

“Remember(A) the instruction you gave your servant Moses, saying, ‘If you are unfaithful, I will scatter(B) you among the nations, but if you return to me and obey my commands, then even if your exiled people are at the farthest horizon, I will gather(C) them from there and bring them to the place I have chosen as a dwelling for my Name.’(D)

10 “They are your servants and your people, whom you redeemed by your great strength and your mighty hand.(E)

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