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and say to Tyre, which sits at the entrance to the sea, merchant of the peoples on many coastlands: Thus says the Lord God:

O Tyre, you have said,
    “I am perfect in beauty.”(A)

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Say to Tyre,(A) situated at the gateway to the sea,(B) merchant of peoples on many coasts, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“‘You say, Tyre,
    “I am perfect in beauty.(C)

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Your borders are in the heart of the seas;
    your builders made perfect your beauty.(A)

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Your domain was on the high seas;
    your builders brought your beauty to perfection.(A)

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11 And the merchants of the earth weep and mourn for her, since no one buys their cargo any more, 12 cargo of gold, silver, jewels and pearls, fine linen, purple, silk and scarlet, all kinds of scented wood, all articles of ivory, all articles of costly wood, bronze, iron, and marble,(A) 13 cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, frankincense, wine, olive oil, choice flour and wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and chariots, slaves—and human lives.[a](B)

14 “The fruit for which your soul longed
    has gone from you,
and all your delicacies and your splendor
    are lost to you,
    never to be found again!”

15 The merchants of these wares, who grew wealthy from her, will stand far off, in fear of her torment, weeping and mourning aloud,(C)

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Footnotes

  1. 18.13 Or chariots, and human bodies and souls

11 “The merchants(A) of the earth will weep and mourn(B) over her because no one buys their cargoes anymore(C) 12 cargoes of gold, silver, precious stones and pearls; fine linen, purple, silk and scarlet cloth; every sort of citron wood, and articles of every kind made of ivory, costly wood, bronze, iron and marble;(D) 13 cargoes of cinnamon and spice, of incense, myrrh and frankincense, of wine and olive oil, of fine flour and wheat; cattle and sheep; horses and carriages; and human beings sold as slaves.(E)

14 “They will say, ‘The fruit you longed for is gone from you. All your luxury and splendor have vanished, never to be recovered.’ 15 The merchants who sold these things and gained their wealth from her(F) will stand far off,(G) terrified at her torment. They will weep and mourn(H)

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For all the nations have fallen[a]
    from the wine of the wrath of her prostitution,
and the kings of the earth have engaged in sexual immorality[b] with her,
    and the merchants of the earth have grown rich from the power[c] of her luxury.”(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 18.3 Other ancient authorities read all the nations have drunk
  2. 18.3 Or prostitution
  3. 18.3 Or resources

For all the nations have drunk
    the maddening wine of her adulteries.(A)
The kings of the earth committed adultery with her,(B)
    and the merchants of the earth grew rich(C) from her excessive luxuries.”(D)

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12 Mortal, raise a lamentation over the king of Tyre, and say to him: Thus says the Lord God:

You were the signet of perfection,[a]
    full of wisdom and perfect in beauty.(A)
13 You were in Eden, the garden of God;
    every precious stone was your covering,
carnelian, chrysolite, and moonstone,
    beryl, onyx, and jasper,
sapphire,[b] turquoise, and emerald;
    and worked in gold were your settings
    and your engravings.[c]
On the day that you were created
    they were prepared.(B)
14 You were a cherub;[d]
    I placed you on the holy mountain of God;
    you walked among the stones of fire.(C)
15 You were blameless in your ways
    from the day that you were created,
    until iniquity was found in you.(D)
16 In the abundance of your trade
    you were filled with violence, and you sinned,
so I cast you as a profane thing from the mountain of God,
    and I drove you out, O guardian cherub,
    from among the stones of fire.(E)
17 Your heart was proud because of your beauty;
    you corrupted your wisdom for the sake of your splendor.
I cast you to the ground;
    I exposed you before kings,
    to feast their eyes on you.(F)

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Footnotes

  1. 28.12 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  2. 28.13 Or lapis lazuli
  3. 28.13 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  4. 28.14 Gk: Heb adds anointed guardian

12 “Son of man, take up a lament(A) concerning the king of Tyre and say to him: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“‘You were the seal of perfection,
    full of wisdom and perfect in beauty.(B)
13 You were in Eden,(C)
    the garden of God;(D)
every precious stone(E) adorned you:
    carnelian, chrysolite and emerald,
    topaz, onyx and jasper,
    lapis lazuli, turquoise(F) and beryl.[a]
Your settings and mountings[b] were made of gold;
    on the day you were created they were prepared.(G)
14 You were anointed(H) as a guardian cherub,(I)
    for so I ordained you.
You were on the holy mount of God;
    you walked among the fiery stones.
15 You were blameless in your ways
    from the day you were created
    till wickedness was found in you.
16 Through your widespread trade
    you were filled with violence,(J)
    and you sinned.
So I drove you in disgrace from the mount of God,
    and I expelled you, guardian cherub,(K)
    from among the fiery stones.
17 Your heart became proud(L)
    on account of your beauty,
and you corrupted your wisdom
    because of your splendor.
So I threw you to the earth;
    I made a spectacle of you before kings.(M)

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Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 28:13 The precise identification of some of these precious stones is uncertain.
  2. Ezekiel 28:13 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.

Mortal, say to the prince of Tyre: Thus says the Lord God:

Because your heart is proud
    and you have said, “I am a god;
I sit in the seat of the gods,
    in the heart of the seas,”
yet you are but a mortal and no god,
    though you compare your mind
    with the mind of a god.(A)
You are indeed wiser than Daniel;[a]
    no secret is hidden from you;(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 28.3 Or Danel

“Son of man(A), say to the ruler of Tyre, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“‘In the pride of your heart
    you say, “I am a god;
I sit on the throne(B) of a god
    in the heart of the seas.”(C)
But you are a mere mortal and not a god,
    though you think you are as wise as a god.(D)
Are you wiser than Daniel[a]?(E)
    Is no secret hidden from you?

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Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 28:3 Or Danel, a man of renown in ancient literature

10 Paras[a] and Lud and Put
    were in your army,
    your mighty warriors;
they hung shield and helmet in you;
    they gave you splendor.(A)
11 Men of Arvad and Helech[b]
    were on your walls all around;
    men of Gamad were at your towers.
They hung their quivers all around your walls;
    they made perfect your beauty.(B)

12 Tarshish did business with you out of the abundance of your great wealth; silver, iron, tin, and lead they exchanged for your wares.(C) 13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech traded with you; they exchanged human beings and vessels of bronze for your merchandise.(D) 14 Beth-togarmah exchanged for your wares horses, war horses, and mules.(E) 15 The Rhodians[c] traded with you; many coastlands were your own special markets; they brought you in payment ivory tusks and ebony.(F) 16 Edom[d] did business with you because of your abundant goods; they exchanged for your wares turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies.(G) 17 Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged for your merchandise wheat from Minnith, millet,[e] honey, oil, and balm.(H) 18 Damascus traded with you for your abundant goods—because of your great wealth of every kind—wine of Helbon and wool of Zahar.(I) 19 Vedan and Javan from Uzal[f] entered into trade for your wares; wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were bartered for your merchandise. 20 Dedan traded with you in saddlecloths for riding. 21 Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your favored dealers in lambs, rams, and goats; in these they did business with you.(J) 22 The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; they exchanged for your wares the best of all kinds of spices and all precious stones and gold.(K) 23 Haran, Canneh, Eden, the merchants of Sheba, Asshur, and Chilmad traded with you.(L) 24 These traded with you in choice garments, in clothes of blue and embroidered work, and in carpets of colored material, bound with cords and made secure; in these they traded with you.[g] 25 The ships of Tarshish traveled for you in your trade.

So you were filled and heavily laden
    in the heart of the seas.(M)
26 Your rowers have brought you
    into the high seas.
The east wind has wrecked you
    in the heart of the seas.(N)
27 Your riches, your wares, your merchandise,
    your sailors and your pilots,
your caulkers, your dealers in merchandise,
    and all your warriors within you,
with all the company
    that is with you,
sink into the heart of the seas
    on the day of your ruin.(O)
28 At the sound of the cry of your pilots
    the pasturelands shake,(P)
29 and down from their ships
    come all who handle the oar.
The sailors and all the pilots of the sea
    stand on the shore(Q)
30 and wail aloud over you
    and cry bitterly.
They throw dust on their heads
    and wallow in ashes;(R)
31 they make themselves bald for you
    and put on sackcloth,
and they weep over you in bitterness of soul,
    with bitter mourning.(S)
32 In their wailing they raise a lamentation for you
    and lament over you:
“Who was ever destroyed[h] like Tyre
    in the midst of the sea?(T)
33 When your wares came from the seas,
    you satisfied many peoples;
with your abundant wealth and merchandise
    you enriched the kings of the earth.(U)
34 Now you are wrecked by the seas,
    in the depths of the waters;
your merchandise and all your crew
    have sunk with you.(V)
35 All the inhabitants of the coastlands
    are appalled at you,
and their kings are horribly afraid;
    their faces are convulsed.(W)
36 The merchants among the peoples hiss at you;
    you have come to a dreadful end
    and shall be no more forever.”(X)

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Footnotes

  1. 27.10 Or Persia
  2. 27.11 Or and your army
  3. 27.15 Gk: Heb The Dedanites
  4. 27.16 Heb mss Syr Aquila: MT Aram
  5. 27.17 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  6. 27.19 Meaning of Heb uncertain
  7. 27.24 Cn: Heb in your market
  8. 27.32 Tg Vg: Heb silenced

10 “‘Men of Persia,(A) Lydia(B) and Put(C)
    served as soldiers in your army.
They hung their shields(D) and helmets on your walls,
    bringing you splendor.
11 Men of Arvad and Helek
    guarded your walls on every side;
men of Gammad
    were in your towers.
They hung their shields around your walls;
    they brought your beauty to perfection.(E)

12 “‘Tarshish(F) did business with you because of your great wealth of goods;(G) they exchanged silver, iron, tin and lead for your merchandise.

13 “‘Greece,(H) Tubal and Meshek(I) did business with you; they traded human beings(J) and articles of bronze for your wares.

14 “‘Men of Beth Togarmah(K) exchanged chariot horses, cavalry horses and mules for your merchandise.

15 “‘The men of Rhodes[a](L) traded with you, and many coastlands(M) were your customers; they paid you with ivory(N) tusks and ebony.

16 “‘Aram[b](O) did business with you because of your many products; they exchanged turquoise,(P) purple fabric, embroidered work, fine linen,(Q) coral(R) and rubies for your merchandise.

17 “‘Judah and Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat(S) from Minnith(T) and confections,[c] honey, olive oil and balm(U) for your wares.(V)

18 “‘Damascus(W) did business with you because of your many products and great wealth of goods.(X) They offered wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar 19 and casks of wine from Izal(Y) in exchange for your wares: wrought iron, cassia(Z) and calamus.

20 “‘Dedan(AA) traded in saddle blankets with you.

21 “‘Arabia(AB) and all the princes of Kedar(AC) were your customers; they did business with you in lambs, rams and goats.

22 “‘The merchants of Sheba(AD) and Raamah traded with you; for your merchandise they exchanged the finest of all kinds of spices(AE) and precious stones, and gold.(AF)

23 “‘Harran,(AG) Kanneh and Eden(AH) and merchants of Sheba, Ashur(AI) and Kilmad traded with you. 24 In your marketplace they traded with you beautiful garments, blue fabric, embroidered work and multicolored rugs with cords twisted and tightly knotted.

25 “‘The ships of Tarshish(AJ) serve
    as carriers for your wares.
You are filled with heavy cargo
    as you sail the sea.(AK)
26 Your oarsmen take you
    out to the high seas.
But the east wind(AL) will break you to pieces
    far out at sea.
27 Your wealth,(AM) merchandise and wares,
    your mariners, sailors and shipwrights,
your merchants and all your soldiers,
    and everyone else on board
will sink into the heart of the sea(AN)
    on the day of your shipwreck.
28 The shorelands will quake(AO)
    when your sailors cry out.
29 All who handle the oars
    will abandon their ships;
the mariners and all the sailors
    will stand on the shore.
30 They will raise their voice
    and cry bitterly over you;
they will sprinkle dust(AP) on their heads
    and roll(AQ) in ashes.(AR)
31 They will shave their heads(AS) because of you
    and will put on sackcloth.
They will weep(AT) over you with anguish of soul
    and with bitter mourning.(AU)
32 As they wail and mourn over you,
    they will take up a lament(AV) concerning you:
“Who was ever silenced like Tyre,
    surrounded by the sea?(AW)
33 When your merchandise went out on the seas,(AX)
    you satisfied many nations;
with your great wealth(AY) and your wares
    you enriched the kings of the earth.
34 Now you are shattered by the sea
    in the depths of the waters;
your wares and all your company
    have gone down with you.(AZ)
35 All who live in the coastlands(BA)
    are appalled(BB) at you;
their kings shudder with horror
    and their faces are distorted with fear.(BC)
36 The merchants among the nations scoff at you;(BD)
    you have come to a horrible end
    and will be no more.(BE)’”

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Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 27:15 Septuagint; Hebrew Dedan
  2. Ezekiel 27:16 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac Edom
  3. Ezekiel 27:17 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

17 And they shall raise a lamentation over you and say to you:

“How you have vanished[a] from the seas,
    O city renowned,
once mighty on the sea,
    you and your inhabitants,[b]
who imposed your[c] terror
    on all the mainland![d](A)

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Footnotes

  1. 26.17 Gk OL Aquila: Heb have vanished, O inhabited one,
  2. 26.17 Heb it and its inhabitants
  3. 26.17 Heb their
  4. 26.17 Cn: Heb its inhabitants

17 Then they will take up a lament(A) concerning you and say to you:

“‘How you are destroyed, city of renown,
    peopled by men of the sea!
You were a power on the seas,
    you and your citizens;
you put your terror
    on all who lived there.(B)

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11 He has stretched out his hand over the sea;
    he has shaken the kingdoms;
the Lord has given command concerning Canaan,
    to destroy its fortresses.(A)

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11 The Lord has stretched out his hand(A) over the sea
    and made its kingdoms tremble.(B)
He has given an order concerning Phoenicia
    that her fortresses be destroyed.(C)

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Who has planned this
    against Tyre, the bestower of crowns,
whose merchants were princes,
    whose traders were the honored of the earth?
The Lord of hosts has planned it—
    to defile the pride of all glory,
    to shame all the honored of the earth.(A)

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Who planned this against Tyre,
    the bestower of crowns,
whose merchants(A) are princes,
    whose traders(B) are renowned in the earth?
The Lord Almighty planned(C) it,
    to bring down(D) her pride in all her splendor
    and to humble(E) all who are renowned(F) on the earth.

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Be still, O inhabitants of the coast,
    O merchants of Sidon;
your messengers crossed over the sea[a](A)
    and were on the mighty waters;
your revenue[b] was the grain of Shihor,
    the harvest of the Nile;
    you were the merchant of the nations.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 23.2 Q ms: MT crossing over the sea, they replenished you
  2. 23.3 Heb its

Be silent,(A) you people of the island
    and you merchants(B) of Sidon,(C)
    whom the seafarers have enriched.
On the great waters
    came the grain of the Shihor;(D)
the harvest of the Nile[a](E) was the revenue of Tyre,(F)
    and she became the marketplace of the nations.

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Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 23:3 Masoretic Text; Dead Sea Scrolls Sidon, / who cross over the sea; / your envoys are on the great waters. / The grain of the Shihor, / the harvest of the Nile,

Out of Zion, the perfection of beauty,
    God shines forth.(A)

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From Zion,(A) perfect in beauty,(B)
    God shines forth.(C)

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