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“Then Oholah lusted after other lovers instead of me, and she gave her love to the Assyrian officers.

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“Oholah engaged in prostitution while she was still mine; and she lusted after her lovers, the Assyrians(A)—warriors(B)

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13 “When Israel and Judah saw how sick they were,
    Israel turned to Assyria—
to the great king there—
    but he could neither help nor cure them.

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13 “When Ephraim(A) saw his sickness,
    and Judah his sores,
then Ephraim turned to Assyria,(B)
    and sent to the great king for help.(C)
But he is not able to cure(D) you,
    not able to heal your sores.(E)

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King Shalmaneser of Assyria attacked King Hoshea, so Hoshea was forced to pay heavy tribute to Assyria.

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Shalmaneser(A) king of Assyria came up to attack Hoshea, who had been Shalmaneser’s vassal and had paid him tribute.(B)

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King Ahaz sent messengers to King Tiglath-pileser of Assyria with this message: “I am your servant and your vassal.[a] Come up and rescue me from the attacking armies of Aram and Israel.”

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Footnotes

  1. 16:7 Hebrew your son.

Ahaz sent messengers to say to Tiglath-Pileser(A) king of Assyria, “I am your servant and vassal. Come up and save(B) me out of the hand of the king of Aram and of the king of Israel, who are attacking me.”

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19 Then King Tiglath-pileser[a] of Assyria invaded the land. But Menahem paid him thirty-seven tons[b] of silver to gain his support in tightening his grip on royal power.

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Footnotes

  1. 15:19a Hebrew Pul, another name for Tiglath-pileser.
  2. 15:19b Hebrew 1,000 talents [34 metric tons].

19 Then Pul[a](A) king of Assyria invaded the land, and Menahem gave him a thousand talents[b] of silver to gain his support and strengthen his own hold on the kingdom.

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Kings 15:19 Also called Tiglath-Pileser
  2. 2 Kings 15:19 That is, about 38 tons or about 34 metric tons

Like a wild donkey looking for a mate,
    they have gone up to Assyria.
The people of Israel[a] have sold themselves—
    sold themselves to many lovers.
10 But though they have sold themselves to many allies,
    I will now gather them together for judgment.
Then they will writhe
    under the burden of the great king.

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Footnotes

  1. 8:9 Hebrew Ephraim, referring to the northern kingdom of Israel; also in 8:11.

For they have gone up to Assyria(A)
    like a wild donkey(B) wandering alone.
    Ephraim has sold herself to lovers.(C)
10 Although they have sold themselves among the nations,
    I will now gather them together.(D)
They will begin to waste away(E)
    under the oppression of the mighty king.

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28 You have prostituted yourself with the Assyrians, too. It seems you can never find enough new lovers! And after your prostitution there, you still were not satisfied.

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28 You engaged in prostitution with the Assyrians(A) too, because you were insatiable; and even after that, you still were not satisfied.(B)

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38 A drought[a] will strike her water supply,
    causing it to dry up.
And why? Because the whole land is filled with idols,
    and the people are madly in love with them.

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Footnotes

  1. 50:38 Or sword; the Hebrew words for drought and sword are very similar.

38 A drought on[a] her waters!(A)
    They will dry(B) up.
For it is a land of idols,(C)
    idols that will go mad with terror.

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Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 50:38 Or A sword against

This disaster came upon the people of Israel because they worshiped other gods. They sinned against the Lord their God, who had brought them safely out of Egypt and had rescued them from the power of Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. They had followed the practices of the pagan nations the Lord had driven from the land ahead of them, as well as the practices the kings of Israel had introduced. The people of Israel had also secretly done many things that were not pleasing to the Lord their God. They built pagan shrines for themselves in all their towns, from the smallest outpost to the largest walled city. 10 They set up sacred pillars and Asherah poles at the top of every hill and under every green tree. 11 They offered sacrifices on all the hilltops, just like the nations the Lord had driven from the land ahead of them. So the people of Israel had done many evil things, arousing the Lord’s anger. 12 Yes, they worshiped idols,[a] despite the Lord’s specific and repeated warnings.

13 Again and again the Lord had sent his prophets and seers to warn both Israel and Judah: “Turn from all your evil ways. Obey my commands and decrees—the entire law that I commanded your ancestors to obey, and that I gave you through my servants the prophets.”

14 But the Israelites would not listen. They were as stubborn as their ancestors who had refused to believe in the Lord their God. 15 They rejected his decrees and the covenant he had made with their ancestors, and they despised all his warnings. They worshiped worthless idols, so they became worthless themselves. They followed the example of the nations around them, disobeying the Lord’s command not to imitate them.

16 They rejected all the commands of the Lord their God and made two calves from metal. They set up an Asherah pole and worshiped Baal and all the forces of heaven. 17 They even sacrificed their own sons and daughters in the fire.[b] They consulted fortune-tellers and practiced sorcery and sold themselves to evil, arousing the Lord’s anger.

18 Because the Lord was very angry with Israel, he swept them away from his presence. Only the tribe of Judah remained in the land.

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Footnotes

  1. 17:12 The Hebrew term (literally round things) probably alludes to dung.
  2. 17:17 Or They even made their sons and daughters pass through the fire.

Israel Exiled Because of Sin

All this took place because the Israelites had sinned(A) against the Lord their God, who had brought them up out of Egypt(B) from under the power of Pharaoh king of Egypt. They worshiped other gods and followed the practices of the nations(C) the Lord had driven out before them, as well as the practices that the kings of Israel had introduced. The Israelites secretly did things against the Lord their God that were not right. From watchtower to fortified city(D) they built themselves high places in all their towns. 10 They set up sacred stones(E) and Asherah poles(F) on every high hill and under every spreading tree.(G) 11 At every high place they burned incense, as the nations whom the Lord had driven out before them had done. They did wicked things that aroused the Lord’s anger. 12 They worshiped idols,(H) though the Lord had said, “You shall not do this.”[a] 13 The Lord warned(I) Israel and Judah through all his prophets and seers:(J) “Turn from your evil ways.(K) Observe my commands and decrees, in accordance with the entire Law that I commanded your ancestors to obey and that I delivered to you through my servants the prophets.”(L)

14 But they would not listen and were as stiff-necked(M) as their ancestors, who did not trust in the Lord their God. 15 They rejected his decrees and the covenant(N) he had made with their ancestors and the statutes he had warned them to keep. They followed worthless idols(O) and themselves became worthless.(P) They imitated the nations(Q) around them although the Lord had ordered them, “Do not do as they do.”

16 They forsook all the commands of the Lord their God and made for themselves two idols cast in the shape of calves,(R) and an Asherah(S) pole. They bowed down to all the starry hosts,(T) and they worshiped Baal.(U) 17 They sacrificed(V) their sons and daughters in the fire. They practiced divination and sought omens(W) and sold(X) themselves to do evil in the eyes of the Lord, arousing his anger.

18 So the Lord was very angry with Israel and removed them from his presence.(Y) Only the tribe of Judah was left,

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Kings 17:12 Exodus 20:4,5

12 [a]The people of Israel[b] feed on the wind;
    they chase after the east wind all day long.
They pile up lies and violence;
    they are making an alliance with Assyria
    while sending olive oil to buy support from Egypt.

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Footnotes

  1. 12:1a Verses 12:1-14 are numbered 12:2-15 in Hebrew text.
  2. 12:1b Hebrew Ephraim, referring to the northern kingdom of Israel; also in 12:8, 14.

12 [a]Ephraim(A) feeds on the wind;(B)
    he pursues the east wind all day
    and multiplies lies and violence.(C)
He makes a treaty with Assyria(D)
    and sends olive oil to Egypt.(E)

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Footnotes

  1. Hosea 12:1 In Hebrew texts 12:1-14 is numbered 12:2-15.

This idol will be carted away to Assyria,
    a gift to the great king there.
Ephraim will be ridiculed and Israel will be shamed,
    because its people have trusted in this idol.

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It will be carried to Assyria(A)
    as tribute(B) for the great king.(C)
Ephraim will be disgraced;(D)
    Israel will be ashamed(E) of its foreign alliances.

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20 She lusted after lovers with genitals as large as a donkey’s and emissions like those of a horse.

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20 There she lusted after her lovers, whose genitals were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of horses.

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16 When she saw these paintings, she longed to give herself to them, so she sent messengers to Babylonia to invite them to come to her.

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16 As soon as she saw them, she lusted after them and sent messengers(A) to them in Chaldea.(B)

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