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Ezekiel 10-13
New English Translation

God’s Glory Leaves the Temple

10 As I watched, I saw[a] on the platform[b] above the top of the cherubim something like a sapphire, resembling the shape of a throne, appearing above them. 2 The Lord[c] said to the man dressed in linen, “Go between the wheelwork[d] underneath the cherubim.[e] Fill your hands with burning coals from among the cherubim and scatter them over the city.” He went as I watched.

3 (The cherubim were standing on the south side[f] of the temple when the man went in, and a cloud filled the inner court.) 4 Then the glory of the Lord arose from the cherub and moved to the threshold of the temple. The temple was filled with the cloud while the court was filled with the brightness of the Lord’s glory. 5 The sound of the wings of the cherubim could be heard from the outer court, like the sound of the Sovereign God[g] when he speaks.

6 When the Lord[h] commanded the man dressed in linen, “Take fire from within the wheelwork, from among the cherubim,” the man[i] went in and stood by one of the wheels.[j] 7 Then one of the cherubim[k] stretched out his hand[l] toward the fire that was among the cherubim. He took some and put it into the hands of the man dressed in linen, who took it and left. 8 (The cherubim appeared to have the form[m] of human hands under their wings.)

9 As I watched, I noticed[n] four wheels by the cherubim, one wheel beside each cherub;[o] the wheels gleamed like jasper.[p] 10 As for their appearance, all four of them looked the same, something like a wheel within a wheel.[q] 11 When they[r] moved, they would go in any of the four directions they faced without turning as they moved; in the direction the head would turn they would follow[s] without turning as they moved, 12 along with their entire bodies,[t] their backs, their hands, and their wings. The wheels of the four of them were full of eyes all around. 13 As for their wheels, they were called “the wheelwork”[u] as I listened. 14 Each of the cherubim[v] had four faces: The first was the face of a cherub,[w] the second that of a man, the third that of a lion, and the fourth that of an eagle.

15 The cherubim rose up; these were the living beings[x] I saw at the Kebar River. 16 When the cherubim moved, the wheels moved beside them; when the cherubim spread[y] their wings to rise from the ground, the wheels did not move from their side. 17 When the cherubim[z] stood still, the wheels[aa] stood still, and when they rose up, the wheels[ab] rose up with them, for the spirit[ac] of the living beings[ad] was in the wheels.[ae]

18 Then the glory of the Lord moved away from the threshold of the temple and stopped above the cherubim. 19 The cherubim spread[af] their wings, and they rose up from the earth[ag] while I watched (when they went, the wheels went alongside them). They stopped at the entrance to the east gate of the Lord’s temple as the glory of the God of Israel hovered above them.

20 These were the living creatures[ah] that I saw at the Kebar River underneath the God of Israel; I knew that they were cherubim. 21 Each had four faces; each had four wings and the form of human hands under the wings. 22 As for the form of their faces, they were the faces whose appearance I had seen at the Kebar River. Each one moved straight ahead.

The Fall of Jerusalem

11 A wind[ai] lifted me up and brought me to the east gate of the Lord’s temple that faces the east. There, at the entrance of the gate, I noticed twenty-five men. Among them I saw Jaazaniah son of Azzur and Pelatiah son of Benaiah, officials of the people.[aj] 2 The Lord[ak] said to me, “Son of man, these are the men who plot evil and give wicked advice in this city. 3 They say,[al] ‘The time is not near to build houses;[am] the city[an] is a cooking pot,[ao] and we are the meat in it.’ 4 Therefore, prophesy against them! Prophesy, son of man!”

5 Then the Spirit of the Lord came[ap] upon me and said to me, “Say: ‘This is what the Lord says: This is what you are thinking,[aq] O house of Israel; I know what goes through your minds.[ar] 6 You have killed many people in this city; you have filled its streets with corpses.’ 7 Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: ‘The corpses you have dumped[as] in the midst of the city[at] are the meat, and this city[au] is the cooking pot, but I will take you out of it.[av] 8 You fear the sword, so the sword I will bring against you,’ declares the Sovereign Lord. 9 ‘But I will take you out of the city.[aw] And I will hand you over to foreigners. I will execute judgments on you. 10 You will die by the sword; I will judge you at the border of Israel. Then you will know that I am the Lord. 11 This city will not be a cooking pot for you, and you will not[ax] be meat within it; I will judge you at the border of Israel. 12 Then you will know that I am the Lord, whose statutes you have not followed and whose regulations you have not carried out. Instead you have behaved according to the regulations of the nations around you!’”

13 Now, while I was prophesying, Pelatiah son of Benaiah died. Then I threw myself face down and cried out with a loud voice, “Alas, Sovereign Lord! You are completely wiping out the remnant of Israel!”[ay]

14 Then the Lord’s message came to me: 15 “Son of man, your brothers,[az] your relatives,[ba] and the whole house of Israel, all of them are those to whom the inhabitants of Jerusalem have said, ‘They have gone far away[bb] from the Lord; to us this land has been given as a possession.’

16 “Therefore say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Although I have removed them far away among the nations and have dispersed them among the countries, I have been a little[bc] sanctuary for them among the lands where they have gone.’

17 “Therefore say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: When I regather you from the peoples and assemble you from the lands where you have been dispersed, I will give you back the country of Israel.’

18 “When they return to it, they will remove from it all its detestable things and all its abominations. 19 I will give them one heart and I will put a new spirit within them;[bd] I will remove the hearts of stone from their bodies[be] and I will give them tender hearts,[bf] 20 so that they may follow my statutes and observe my regulations and carry them out. Then they will be my people, and I will be their God.[bg] 21 But those whose hearts are devoted to detestable things and abominations, I hereby repay them for what they have done,[bh] says the Sovereign Lord.”

22 Then the cherubim spread[bi] their wings with their wheels alongside them while the glory of the God of Israel hovered above them. 23 The glory of the Lord rose up from within the city and stopped[bj] over the mountain east of it. 24 Then a wind[bk] lifted me up and carried me to the exiles in Babylonia,[bl] in the vision given to me by the Spirit of God.

Then the vision I had seen went up from me. 25 So I told the exiles everything[bm] the Lord had shown me.

Previewing the Exile

12 The Lord’s message came to me: 2 “Son of man, you are living in the midst of a rebellious house.[bn] They have eyes to see, but do not see, and ears to hear, but do not hear,[bo] because they are a rebellious house.

3 “Therefore, son of man, pack up your belongings as if for exile. During the day, while they are watching, pretend to go into exile. Go from where you live to another place. Perhaps they will understand,[bp] although they are a rebellious house. 4 Bring out your belongings packed for exile during the day while they are watching. And go out at evening, while they are watching, as if for exile. 5 While they are watching, dig a hole in the wall and carry your belongings out through it. 6 While they are watching, raise your baggage onto your shoulder and carry it out in the dark.[bq] You must cover your face so that you cannot see the ground[br] because I have made you an object lesson[bs] to the house of Israel.”

7 So I did just as I was commanded. I carried out my belongings packed for exile during the day, and at evening I dug myself a hole through the wall with my hands. I went out in the darkness, carrying my baggage[bt] on my shoulder while they watched.

8 The Lord’s message came to me in the morning: 9 “Son of man, has not the house of Israel, that rebellious house, said to you, ‘What are you doing?’ 10 Say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: The prince will raise this burden in Jerusalem,[bu] and all the house of Israel within it.’[bv] 11 Say, ‘I am an object lesson[bw] for you. Just as I have done, so it will be done to them; they will go into exile and captivity.’

12 “The prince[bx] who is among them will raise his belongings[by] onto his shoulder in darkness and will go out. He[bz] will dig a hole in the wall to leave through. He will cover his face so that he cannot see the land with his eyes. 13 But I will throw my net over him, and he will be caught in my snare. I will bring him to Babylon, the land of the Chaldeans[ca] (but he will not see it),[cb] and there he will die.[cc] 14 All his retinue—his attendants and his troops—I will scatter to every wind; I will unleash a sword behind them.

15 “Then they will know that I am the Lord when I disperse them among the nations and scatter them among foreign countries. 16 But I will let a small number of them survive the sword, famine, and pestilence, so that they can confess all their abominable practices to the nations where they go. Then they will know that I am the Lord.”

17 The Lord’s message came to me: 18 “Son of man, eat your bread with trembling[cd] and drink your water with anxious shaking. 19 Then say to the people of the land, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says about the inhabitants of Jerusalem and of the land of Israel: They will eat their bread with anxiety and drink their water in fright, for their land will be stripped bare of all it contains because of the violence of all who live in it. 20 The inhabited towns will be left in ruins, and the land will be devastated. Then you will know that I am the Lord.’”

21 The Lord’s message came to me: 22 “Son of man, what is this proverb you have in the land of Israel, ‘The days pass slowly, and every vision fails’? 23 Therefore tell them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I hereby end this proverb; they will not recite it in Israel any longer.’ But say to them, ‘The days are at hand when every vision will be fulfilled.[ce] 24 For there will no longer be any false visions or flattering omens amidst the house of Israel. 25 For I, the Lord, will speak. Whatever word I speak will be accomplished. It will not be delayed any longer. Indeed in your days, O rebellious house, I will speak the word and accomplish it, declares the Sovereign Lord.’”

26 The Lord’s message came to me: 27 “Take note, son of man, the house of Israel is saying, ‘The vision that he sees is for distant days; he is prophesying about the far future.’ 28 Therefore say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: None of my words will be delayed any longer! The word I speak will come to pass, declares the Sovereign Lord.’”

False Prophets Denounced

13 Then the Lord’s message came to me: 2 “Son of man, prophesy against the prophets of Israel who are now prophesying. Say to the prophets who prophesy from their imagination:[cf] ‘Listen to the Lord’s message! 3 This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Woe to the foolish prophets who follow their own spirit but have seen nothing! 4 Your prophets have become like jackals among the ruins, O Israel. 5 You have not gone up in the breaks in the wall, nor repaired a wall for the house of Israel that it would stand strong in the battle on the day of the Lord. 6 They see delusion and their omens are a lie.[cg] They say, “The Lord declares,” though the Lord has not sent them;[ch] yet they expect their word to be confirmed.[ci] 7 Have you not seen a false vision and announced a lying omen when you say, “The Lord declares,” although I myself never spoke?

8 “‘Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Because you have spoken false words and forecast delusion, look,[cj] I am against you,[ck] declares the Sovereign Lord. 9 My hand will be against the prophets who see delusion and announce lying omens. They will not be included in the council[cl] of my people, nor be written in the registry[cm] of the house of Israel, nor enter the land of Israel. Then you will know that I am the Sovereign Lord.

10 “‘This is because they have led my people astray saying, “All is well,”[cn] when things are not well. When anyone builds a wall without mortar,[co] they coat it with whitewash. 11 Tell the ones who coat it with whitewash that it will fall. When there is a deluge of rain, hailstones[cp] will fall and a violent wind will break out.[cq] 12 When the wall has collapsed, people will ask you, “Where is the whitewash you coated it with?”

13 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: In my rage I will make a violent wind break out. In my anger there will be a deluge of rain and hailstones in destructive fury. 14 I will break down the wall you coated with whitewash and knock it to the ground so that its foundation is exposed. When it falls you will be destroyed beneath it,[cr] and you will know that I am the Lord. 15 I will vent my rage against the wall and against those who coated it with whitewash. Then I will say to you, “The wall is no more and those who whitewashed it are no more— 16 those prophets of Israel who would prophesy about Jerusalem and would see visions of peace for it, when there was no peace,” declares the Sovereign Lord.’

17 “As for you, son of man, turn toward[cs] the daughters of your people who are prophesying from their imagination.[ct] Prophesy against them 18 and say ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Woe to those who sew bands[cu] on all their wrists[cv] and make headbands[cw] for heads of every size to entrap people’s lives![cx] Will you entrap my people’s lives, yet preserve your own lives? 19 You have profaned me among my people for handfuls of barley and scraps of bread. You have put to death people[cy] who should not die and kept alive those who should not live by your lies to my people, who listen to lies!

20 “‘Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Take note[cz] that I am against your wristbands with which you entrap people’s lives[da] like birds. I will tear them from your arms and will release the people’s lives, which you hunt like birds. 21 I will tear off your headbands and rescue my people from your power;[db] they will no longer be prey in your hands. Then you will know that I am the Lord. 22 This is because you have disheartened the righteous person with lies (although I have not grieved him), and because you have encouraged the wicked person not to turn from his evil conduct and preserve his life. 23 Therefore you will no longer see false visions and practice divination. I will rescue my people from your power, and you[dc] will know that I am the Lord.’”

Notas al pie

  1. Ezekiel 10:1 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.
  2. Ezekiel 10:1 tn Or “like a dome.” See 1:22-26.
  3. Ezekiel 10:2 tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  4. Ezekiel 10:2 tn The Hebrew term often refers to chariot wheels (Isa 28:28; Ezek 23:24; 26:10).
  5. Ezekiel 10:2 tc The LXX, Syriac, Vulgate, and Targum mss read plural “cherubim,” while the MT is singular here, “cherub.” The plural ending was probably omitted in copying the MT due to the similar beginning of the next word.
  6. Ezekiel 10:3 tn Heb “right side.”
  7. Ezekiel 10:5 tn The name (“El Shaddai”) has often been translated “God Almighty,” primarily because Jerome translated it omnipotens (“all powerful”) in the Latin Vulgate. There has been much debate over the meaning of the name. For discussion see W. F. Albright, “The Names Shaddai and Abram,” JBL 54 (1935): 173-210; R. Gordis, “The Biblical Root sdy-sd,” JTS 41 (1940): 34-43; and especially T. N. D. Mettinger, In Search of God, 69-72.
  8. Ezekiel 10:6 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  9. Ezekiel 10:6 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the man dressed in linen) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  10. Ezekiel 10:6 tn Heb “the wheel.”
  11. Ezekiel 10:7 tn Heb “the cherub.”
  12. Ezekiel 10:7 tn The Hebrew text adds, “from among the cherubim.”
  13. Ezekiel 10:8 tn The Hebrew term is normally used as an architectural term in describing the plan or pattern of the tabernacle or temple or a representation of it (see Exod 25:8; 1 Chr 28:11).
  14. Ezekiel 10:9 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.
  15. Ezekiel 10:9 tn The MT repeats this phrase either due to dittography or a distributive meaning of the repeated phrase (see GKC, 134q).
  16. Ezekiel 10:9 tn Heb “Tarshish stone.” The meaning is uncertain. The term has also been translated “topaz” (NEB), “beryl” (KJV, NASB, NRSV), and “chrysolite” (RSV, NIV).
  17. Ezekiel 10:10 tn Or “like a wheel at right angles to another wheel.” Some envision concentric wheels here, while others propose “a globe-like structure in which two wheels stand at right angles” (L. C. Allen, Ezekiel [WBC], 1:33-34). See also 1:16.
  18. Ezekiel 10:11 sn That is, the cherubim.
  19. Ezekiel 10:11 tn Many interpreters assume that the human face of each cherub was the one that looked forward.
  20. Ezekiel 10:12 tc The phrase “along with their entire bodies” is absent from the LXX and may be a gloss explaining the following words.
  21. Ezekiel 10:13 tn Or “the whirling wheels.”
  22. Ezekiel 10:14 tn Heb “each one”; the referent (the cherubim) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  23. Ezekiel 10:14 sn The living creature described here is thus slightly different from the one described in Ezek 1:10, where an ox’s face appeared instead of a cherub’s. Note that some English versions harmonize the two descriptions and read the same here as in 1:10 (cf. NAB, NLT “an ox”; TEV, CEV “a bull”). This may be justified based on v. 22, which states the creatures’ appearance was the same.
  24. Ezekiel 10:15 tn Heb “it was the living creature.”
  25. Ezekiel 10:16 tn Heb “lifted.”
  26. Ezekiel 10:17 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the cherubim) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  27. Ezekiel 10:17 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the wheels) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  28. Ezekiel 10:17 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the wheels) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  29. Ezekiel 10:17 tn Or “wind.”
  30. Ezekiel 10:17 tn Heb “living creature.”
  31. Ezekiel 10:17 tn Heb “them”; the referent (the wheels) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  32. Ezekiel 10:19 tn Heb “lifted.”
  33. Ezekiel 10:19 tn Or “the ground” (NIV, NCV).
  34. Ezekiel 10:20 tn Heb “That was the living creature.”
  35. Ezekiel 11:1 tn Or “spirit.” See note on “wind” in 2:2.
  36. Ezekiel 11:1 sn The phrase officials of the people occurs in Neh 11:1; 1 Chr 21:2; 2 Chr 24:23.
  37. Ezekiel 11:2 tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  38. Ezekiel 11:3 tn The Hebrew verb may mean “think” in this context. This content of what they say (or think) represents their point of view.
  39. Ezekiel 11:3 sn The expression build houses may mean “establish families” (Deut 25:9; Ruth 4:11; Prov 24:27).
  40. Ezekiel 11:3 tn Heb “she” or “it”; the feminine pronoun refers here to Jerusalem.
  41. Ezekiel 11:3 sn Jerusalem is also compared to a pot in Ezek 24:3-8. The siege of the city is pictured as heating up the pot.
  42. Ezekiel 11:5 tn Heb “fell.”
  43. Ezekiel 11:5 tn The Hebrew verb commonly means “to say” but may also mean “to think” (see also v. 3).
  44. Ezekiel 11:5 tn Heb “I know the steps of your spirits.”
  45. Ezekiel 11:7 tn Heb “placed.”
  46. Ezekiel 11:7 tn Heb “in its midst.”
  47. Ezekiel 11:7 tn Heb “she/it.” See v. 3.
  48. Ezekiel 11:7 tc Many of the versions have “I will bring you out” (active) rather than “he brought out” (the reading of MT).
  49. Ezekiel 11:9 tn Heb “its midst.”
  50. Ezekiel 11:11 tn The Hebrew text does not have the negative particle, but it is implied. The negative particle in the previous line does double duty here.
  51. Ezekiel 11:13 tc The LXX reads this statement as a question. Compare this to the question in 9:8. It is possible that the interrogative particle has been omitted by haplography. However, an exclamatory statement as in the MT also makes sense, and the LXX may have simply tried to harmonize this passage with 9:8.
  52. Ezekiel 11:15 tc The MT reads “your brothers, your brothers” either for emphasis (D. I. Block, Ezekiel [NICOT], 1:341, n. 1; 346) or as a result of dittography.
  53. Ezekiel 11:15 tc The MT reads גְאֻלָּתֶךָ (geʾullatekha, “your redemption-men”), referring to the relatives responsible for deliverance in times of hardship (see Lev 25:25-55). The LXX and Syriac read “your fellow exiles,” assuming an underlying Hebrew text of גָלוּתֶךָ (galutekha) or having read the א (alef) as an internal mater lectionis for holem.
  54. Ezekiel 11:15 tc The MT has an imperative form (“go far!”), but it may be read with different vowels as a perfect verb (“they have gone far”).
  55. Ezekiel 11:16 tn Or “have been partially a sanctuary”; others take this as temporal (cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV “a little while”).
  56. Ezekiel 11:19 tc The MT reads “you”; many Hebrew mss along with the LXX and other ancient versions read “within them.”
  57. Ezekiel 11:19 tn Heb “their flesh.”
  58. Ezekiel 11:19 tn Heb “heart of flesh.”
  59. Ezekiel 11:20 sn The expression They will be my people, and I will be their God occurs as a promise to Abraham (Gen 17:8), Moses (Exod 6:7), and the nation (Exod 29:45).
  60. Ezekiel 11:21 tn Heb “their way on their head I have placed.”
  61. Ezekiel 11:22 tn Heb “lifted.”
  62. Ezekiel 11:23 tn Heb “stood.”
  63. Ezekiel 11:24 tn Or “spirit.” See note on “wind” in 2:2.
  64. Ezekiel 11:24 tn Heb “to Chaldea.”
  65. Ezekiel 11:25 tn Heb “all the words of.”
  66. Ezekiel 12:2 sn The book of Ezekiel frequently refers to the Israelites as a rebellious house (Ezek 2:5, 6, 8; 3:9, 26-27; 12:2-3, 9, 25; 17:12; 24:3).
  67. Ezekiel 12:2 sn This verse is very similar to Isa 6:9-10.
  68. Ezekiel 12:3 tn Heb “see.” This plays on the uses of “see” in v. 2. They will see his actions with their eyes and perhaps they will “see” with their mind, that is, understand or grasp the point.
  69. Ezekiel 12:6 tn Apart from this context the Hebrew term occurs only in Gen 15:17, in reference to the darkness after sunset. It may mean twilight.
  70. Ezekiel 12:6 tn Or “land” (ASV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
  71. Ezekiel 12:6 sn See also Ezek 12:11 and 24:24, 27.
  72. Ezekiel 12:7 tn The words “my baggage” are not in the Hebrew text but are implied from the context.
  73. Ezekiel 12:10 tc The MT reads: “The prince, the load/oracle, this, in Jerusalem.” The term מַשָּׂא (massaʾ) may refer to a “burden” or prophetic “oracle” (the two homonyms also coming from the same root, cf. Isa 13:1). Also the preposition ב (bet) can mean “in” or “against.” The Targum says, “Concerning the prince is this oracle,” assuming the addition of a preposition. The LXX reads the word for “burden” as a synonym for leader, as both words are built on the same root, but the result does not make good sense in context. The current translation assumes that the verb יִשָּׂא (yisaʾ) from the root נָשָׂא (nasaʾ) has dropped out due to homoioteleuton (cf. vv. 7 and 12 for the verb). The original text would have three consecutive words based on the root נָשָׂא and an environment conducive to an omission in copying: הַנָּשִׂיא יִשָּׂא הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּה (hannasiʾ yissaʾ hammassaʾ hazzeh, “the prince will raise this burden”). Another possibility is that הַנָּשִׂיא is an inadvertent addition based on v. 12, so that the text should be “[This is] the oracle against…,” but the formula typically uses the construct state to mean “the oracle about…,” and this would be the only case where Ezekiel uses this term for an oracle. It is also unlikely that this is a copulative sentence, “The prince is the oracle.” While Hebrew can make copulative sentences without a verb, it is odd to do so with articular nouns. The sequence article + noun + article + noun is normally: a case where the second term is an adverbial accusative of place or time, a case where the second term acts as an adjective, part of a list, a case of apposition, or an improper construct chain (or other textual issue involving one of the apparent articles). Besides this verse, only Jer 4:26 (הַכַּרְמֶל הַמִּדְבָּר, hakkarmel hammidbar, “Carmel is/had become a wilderness”) may be suggested as a place where this syntax makes a copulative sentence, but there the first word should be understood as a proper noun. Also if the syntax were this simple (“the A is the B”), one would have expected the versions to follow it.sn The prince in Jerusalem refers to King Zedekiah. The Hebrew termנָשִׂיא (nasi’, “leader, chief prince”) refers to one lifted up and here means the leader of Jerusalem. The idea in the message is: “As goes the king, so goes the city.” The fortunes of the city are bound up in and symbolized by the king.
  74. Ezekiel 12:10 tc The MT reads “within them.” Possibly a scribe copied this form from the following verse “among them,” but only “within it” makes sense in this context.
  75. Ezekiel 12:11 tn object lesson is מוֹפֵת (mofet, “wonder, sign”), which here refers to a sign or portent of bad things to come.
  76. Ezekiel 12:12 sn The prince is a reference to Zedekiah.
  77. Ezekiel 12:12 tn The words “his belongings” are not in the Hebrew text but are implied.
  78. Ezekiel 12:12 tc The MT reads “they”; the LXX and Syriac read “he.”
  79. Ezekiel 12:13 tn Or “Babylonians” (NCV, NLT). sn The Chaldeans were a group of people in the country south of Babylon from which Nebuchadnezzar came. The Chaldean dynasty his father established became the name by which the Babylonians are regularly referred to in the book of Jeremiah, while Jeremiah’s contemporary, Ezekiel, uses both terms.
  80. Ezekiel 12:13 sn He will not see it. This prediction was fulfilled in 2 Kgs 25:7 and Jer 52:11, which recount how Zedekiah was blinded before being deported to Babylon.
  81. Ezekiel 12:13 sn There he will die. This was fulfilled when King Zedekiah died in exile (Jer 52:11).
  82. Ezekiel 12:18 tn The Hebrew term normally refers to an earthquake (see 1 Kgs 19:11; Amos 1:1).
  83. Ezekiel 12:23 tn Heb “the days draw near, and the word of every vision (draws near).”
  84. Ezekiel 13:2 tn Heb “from their mind.” sn Who prophesy from their imagination. Note the testimony of Moses in Num 16:28, which contains a similar expression.
  85. Ezekiel 13:6 sn The same description of a false prophet is found in Micah 2:11.
  86. Ezekiel 13:6 sn The Lord has not sent them. A similar concept is found in Jer 14:14 and 23:21.
  87. Ezekiel 13:6 tn Or “confirmed”; NIV has “to be fulfilled,” TEV “to come true.”
  88. Ezekiel 13:8 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.
  89. Ezekiel 13:8 tn Or “I challenge you.” The phrase “I am against you” may be a formula for challenging someone to combat or a duel. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:201-2, and P. Humbert, “Die Herausforderungsformel ‘hinnenî ’êlékâ’” ZAW 45 (1933): 101-8.
  90. Ezekiel 13:9 tn The Hebrew term may refer to the secret council of the Lord (Jer 23:18; Job 15:8), but here it more likely refers to a human council comprised of civic leaders (Gen 49:6; Jer 6:11; 15:17; Pss 64:3; 111:1).
  91. Ezekiel 13:9 tn The reference here is probably to a civil list (as in Ezra 2:16; Neh 7:64) rather than to a “book of life” (Exod 32:32; Isa 4:3; Ps 69:29; Dan 12:1). This registry may have been established at the making of David’s census (2 Sam 24:2, 9).
  92. Ezekiel 13:10 tn Or “peace.”
  93. Ezekiel 13:10 tn The Hebrew word only occurs here in the Bible. According to L. C. Allen (Ezekiel [WBC], 1:202-3), it is also used in the Mishnah of a wall of rough stones without mortar. This fits the context here, which compares the false prophetic messages to a nice coat of whitewash on a structurally unstable wall.
  94. Ezekiel 13:11 tn Heb “and you, O hailstones.”
  95. Ezekiel 13:11 sn A violent wind will break out. God’s judgments are frequently described in storm imagery (Pss 18:7-15; 77:17-18; 83:15; Isa 28:17; 30:30; Jer 23:19; 30:23).
  96. Ezekiel 13:14 tn Or “within it,” referring to the city of Jerusalem.
  97. Ezekiel 13:17 tn Heb “set your face against.”
  98. Ezekiel 13:17 tn Heb “from their heart.”
  99. Ezekiel 13:18 sn The wristbands mentioned here probably represented magic bands or charms. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:413.
  100. Ezekiel 13:18 tn Heb “joints of the hands.” This may include the elbow and shoulder joints.
  101. Ezekiel 13:18 tn The Hebrew term occurs in the Bible only here and in v. 21. It has also been understood as a veil or type of head covering. D. I. Block (Ezekiel [NICOT], 1:414) suggests that given the context of magical devices, the expected parallel to the magical arm bands, and the meaning of this Hebrew root (סָפַח [safakh, “to attach” or “join”]), it may refer to headbands or necklaces on which magical amulets were worn.
  102. Ezekiel 13:18 tn Heb “human lives” or “souls” (three times in v. 18 and twice in v. 19).
  103. Ezekiel 13:19 tn Heb “human lives” or “souls.”
  104. Ezekiel 13:20 tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.
  105. Ezekiel 13:20 tn Heb “human lives” or “souls.”
  106. Ezekiel 13:21 tn Heb “from your hand(s).” This refers to their power over the people.
  107. Ezekiel 13:23 tn The Hebrew verb is feminine plural, indicating that it is the false prophetesses who are addressed here.
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Ezekiel 10-13
New International Version

God’s Glory Departs From the Temple

10 I looked, and I saw the likeness of a throne(A) of lapis lazuli(B) above the vault(C) that was over the heads of the cherubim.(D) 2 The Lord said to the man clothed in linen,(E) “Go in among the wheels(F) beneath the cherubim. Fill(G) your hands with burning coals(H) from among the cherubim and scatter them over the city.” And as I watched, he went in.

3 Now the cherubim were standing on the south side of the temple when the man went in, and a cloud filled the inner court. 4 Then the glory of the Lord(I) rose from above the cherubim and moved to the threshold of the temple. The cloud filled the temple, and the court was full of the radiance of the glory of the Lord. 5 The sound of the wings of the cherubim could be heard as far away as the outer court, like the voice(J) of God Almighty[a] when he speaks.(K)

6 When the Lord commanded the man in linen, “Take fire from among the wheels,(L) from among the cherubim,” the man went in and stood beside a wheel. 7 Then one of the cherubim reached out his hand to the fire(M) that was among them. He took up some of it and put it into the hands of the man in linen, who took it and went out. 8 (Under the wings of the cherubim could be seen what looked like human hands.)(N)

9 I looked, and I saw beside the cherubim four wheels, one beside each of the cherubim; the wheels sparkled like topaz.(O) 10 As for their appearance, the four of them looked alike; each was like a wheel intersecting a wheel. 11 As they moved, they would go in any one of the four directions the cherubim faced; the wheels did not turn about[b] as the cherubim went. The cherubim went in whatever direction the head faced, without turning as they went. 12 Their entire bodies, including their backs, their hands and their wings, were completely full of eyes,(P) as were their four wheels.(Q) 13 I heard the wheels being called “the whirling wheels.” 14 Each of the cherubim(R) had four faces:(S) One face was that of a cherub, the second the face of a human being, the third the face of a lion,(T) and the fourth the face of an eagle.(U)

15 Then the cherubim rose upward. These were the living creatures(V) I had seen by the Kebar River.(W) 16 When the cherubim moved, the wheels beside them moved; and when the cherubim spread their wings to rise from the ground, the wheels did not leave their side. 17 When the cherubim stood still, they also stood still; and when the cherubim rose, they rose with them, because the spirit of the living creatures was in them.(X)

18 Then the glory(Y) of the Lord departed from over the threshold of the temple and stopped above the cherubim.(Z) 19 While I watched, the cherubim spread their wings and rose from the ground, and as they went, the wheels went with them.(AA) They stopped at the entrance of the east gate of the Lord’s house, and the glory(AB) of the God of Israel was above them.

20 These were the living creatures I had seen beneath the God of Israel by the Kebar River,(AC) and I realized that they were cherubim. 21 Each had four faces(AD) and four wings,(AE) and under their wings was what looked like human hands. 22 Their faces had the same appearance as those I had seen by the Kebar River.(AF) Each one went straight ahead.

God’s Sure Judgment on Jerusalem

11 Then the Spirit lifted me up and brought me to the gate of the house of the Lord that faces east. There at the entrance of the gate were twenty-five men, and I saw among them Jaazaniah son of Azzur and Pelatiah(AG) son of Benaiah, leaders(AH) of the people.(AI) 2 The Lord said to me, “Son of man, these are the men who are plotting evil(AJ) and giving wicked advice in this city.(AK) 3 They say, ‘Haven’t our houses been recently rebuilt? This city is a pot,(AL) and we are the meat in it.’(AM) 4 Therefore prophesy(AN) against them; prophesy, son of man.”

5 Then the Spirit of the Lord came on me, and he told me to say: “This is what the Lord says: That is what you are saying, you leaders in Israel, but I know what is going through your mind.(AO) 6 You have killed many people in this city and filled its streets with the dead.(AP)

7 “Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: The bodies you have thrown there are the meat and this city is the pot,(AQ) but I will drive you out of it.(AR) 8 You fear the sword,(AS) and the sword is what I will bring against you, declares the Sovereign Lord.(AT) 9 I will drive you out of the city and deliver you into the hands(AU) of foreigners and inflict punishment on you.(AV) 10 You will fall by the sword, and I will execute judgment on you at the borders of Israel.(AW) Then you will know that I am the Lord. 11 This city will not be a pot(AX) for you, nor will you be the meat in it; I will execute judgment on you at the borders of Israel. 12 And you will know that I am the Lord,(AY) for you have not followed my decrees(AZ) or kept my laws but have conformed to the standards of the nations around you.(BA)”

13 Now as I was prophesying, Pelatiah(BB) son of Benaiah died. Then I fell facedown and cried out in a loud voice, “Alas, Sovereign Lord! Will you completely destroy the remnant of Israel?(BC)”

The Promise of Israel’s Return

14 The word of the Lord came to me: 15 “Son of man, the people of Jerusalem have said of your fellow exiles and all the other Israelites, ‘They are far away from the Lord; this land was given to us as our possession.’(BD)

16 “Therefore say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Although I sent them far away among the nations and scattered them among the countries, yet for a little while I have been a sanctuary(BE) for them in the countries where they have gone.’

17 “Therefore say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will gather you from the nations and bring you back from the countries where you have been scattered, and I will give you back the land of Israel again.’(BF)

18 “They will return to it and remove all its vile images(BG) and detestable idols.(BH) 19 I will give them an undivided heart(BI) and put a new spirit in them; I will remove from them their heart of stone(BJ) and give them a heart of flesh.(BK) 20 Then they will follow my decrees and be careful to keep my laws.(BL) They will be my people,(BM) and I will be their God.(BN) 21 But as for those whose hearts are devoted to their vile images and detestable idols,(BO) I will bring down on their own heads what they have done, declares the Sovereign Lord.(BP)”

22 Then the cherubim, with the wheels beside them, spread their wings, and the glory(BQ) of the God of Israel was above them.(BR) 23 The glory(BS) of the Lord went up from within the city and stopped above the mountain(BT) east of it. 24 The Spirit(BU) lifted me up and brought me to the exiles in Babylonia[c] in the vision(BV) given by the Spirit of God.

Then the vision I had seen went up from me, 25 and I told the exiles everything the Lord had shown me.(BW)

The Exile Symbolized

12 The word of the Lord came to me: 2 “Son of man, you are living among a rebellious people.(BX) They have eyes to see but do not see and ears to hear but do not hear, for they are a rebellious people.(BY)

3 “Therefore, son of man, pack your belongings for exile and in the daytime, as they watch, set out and go from where you are to another place. Perhaps(BZ) they will understand,(CA) though they are a rebellious people.(CB) 4 During the daytime, while they watch, bring out your belongings packed for exile. Then in the evening, while they are watching, go out like those who go into exile.(CC) 5 While they watch, dig through the wall(CD) and take your belongings out through it. 6 Put them on your shoulder as they are watching and carry them out at dusk. Cover your face so that you cannot see the land, for I have made you a sign(CE) to the Israelites.”

7 So I did as I was commanded.(CF) During the day I brought out my things packed for exile. Then in the evening I dug through the wall with my hands. I took my belongings out at dusk, carrying them on my shoulders while they watched.

8 In the morning the word of the Lord came to me: 9 “Son of man, did not the Israelites, that rebellious people, ask you, ‘What are you doing?’(CG)

10 “Say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: This prophecy concerns the prince in Jerusalem and all the Israelites who are there.’ 11 Say to them, ‘I am a sign(CH) to you.’

“As I have done, so it will be done to them. They will go into exile as captives.(CI)

12 “The prince among them will put his things on his shoulder at dusk(CJ) and leave, and a hole will be dug in the wall for him to go through. He will cover his face so that he cannot see the land.(CK) 13 I will spread my net(CL) for him, and he will be caught in my snare;(CM) I will bring him to Babylonia, the land of the Chaldeans,(CN) but he will not see(CO) it, and there he will die.(CP) 14 I will scatter to the winds all those around him—his staff and all his troops—and I will pursue them with drawn sword.(CQ)

15 “They will know that I am the Lord, when I disperse them among the nations(CR) and scatter them through the countries. 16 But I will spare a few of them from the sword, famine and plague, so that in the nations where they go they may acknowledge all their detestable practices. Then they will know that I am the Lord.(CS)”

17 The word of the Lord came to me: 18 “Son of man, tremble as you eat your food,(CT) and shudder in fear as you drink your water. 19 Say to the people of the land: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says about those living in Jerusalem and in the land of Israel: They will eat their food in anxiety and drink their water in despair, for their land will be stripped of everything(CU) in it because of the violence of all who live there.(CV) 20 The inhabited towns will be laid waste and the land will be desolate. Then you will know that I am the Lord.(CW)’”

There Will Be No Delay

21 The word of the Lord came to me: 22 “Son of man, what is this proverb(CX) you have in the land of Israel: ‘The days go by and every vision comes to nothing’?(CY) 23 Say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am going to put an end to this proverb, and they will no longer quote it in Israel.’ Say to them, ‘The days are near(CZ) when every vision will be fulfilled.(DA) 24 For there will be no more false visions or flattering divinations(DB) among the people of Israel. 25 But I the Lord will speak what I will, and it shall be fulfilled without delay.(DC) For in your days, you rebellious people, I will fulfill(DD) whatever I say, declares the Sovereign Lord.(DE)’”

26 The word of the Lord came to me: 27 “Son of man, the Israelites are saying, ‘The vision he sees is for many years from now, and he prophesies about the distant future.’(DF)

28 “Therefore say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: None of my words will be delayed any longer; whatever I say will be fulfilled, declares the Sovereign Lord.’”

False Prophets Condemned

13 The word of the Lord came to me: 2 “Son of man, prophesy against the prophets(DG) of Israel who are now prophesying. Say to those who prophesy out of their own imagination:(DH) ‘Hear the word of the Lord!(DI) 3 This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Woe to the foolish[d] prophets(DJ) who follow their own spirit and have seen nothing!(DK) 4 Your prophets, Israel, are like jackals among ruins. 5 You have not gone up to the breaches in the wall to repair(DL) it for the people of Israel so that it will stand firm in the battle on the day of the Lord.(DM) 6 Their visions are false(DN) and their divinations a lie. Even though the Lord has not sent(DO) them, they say, “The Lord declares,” and expect him to fulfill their words.(DP) 7 Have you not seen false visions(DQ) and uttered lying divinations when you say, “The Lord declares,” though I have not spoken?

8 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Because of your false words and lying visions, I am against you,(DR) declares the Sovereign Lord. 9 My hand will be against the prophets who see false visions and utter lying(DS) divinations. They will not belong to the council of my people or be listed in the records(DT) of Israel, nor will they enter the land of Israel. Then you will know that I am the Sovereign Lord.(DU)

10 “‘Because they lead my people astray,(DV) saying, “Peace,”(DW) when there is no peace, and because, when a flimsy wall is built, they cover it with whitewash,(DX) 11 therefore tell those who cover it with whitewash that it is going to fall. Rain will come in torrents, and I will send hailstones(DY) hurtling down,(DZ) and violent winds will burst forth.(EA) 12 When the wall collapses, will people not ask you, “Where is the whitewash you covered it with?”

13 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: In my wrath I will unleash a violent wind, and in my anger hailstones(EB) and torrents of rain(EC) will fall with destructive fury.(ED) 14 I will tear down the wall(EE) you have covered with whitewash and will level it to the ground so that its foundation(EF) will be laid bare. When it[e] falls,(EG) you will be destroyed in it; and you will know that I am the Lord. 15 So I will pour out my wrath against the wall and against those who covered it with whitewash. I will say to you, “The wall is gone and so are those who whitewashed it, 16 those prophets of Israel who prophesied to Jerusalem and saw visions of peace for her when there was no peace, declares the Sovereign Lord.(EH)”’

17 “Now, son of man, set your face(EI) against the daughters(EJ) of your people who prophesy out of their own imagination. Prophesy against them(EK) 18 and say, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Woe to the women who sew magic charms on all their wrists and make veils of various lengths for their heads in order to ensnare people. Will you ensnare the lives of my people but preserve your own? 19 You have profaned(EL) me among my people for a few handfuls of barley and scraps of bread.(EM) By lying to my people, who listen to lies, you have killed those who should not have died and have spared those who should not live.(EN)

20 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am against your magic charms with which you ensnare people like birds and I will tear them from your arms; I will set free the people that you ensnare like birds.(EO) 21 I will tear off your veils and save my people from your hands, and they will no longer fall prey to your power. Then you will know that I am the Lord.(EP) 22 Because you disheartened the righteous with your lies,(EQ) when I had brought them no grief, and because you encouraged the wicked not to turn from their evil ways and so save their lives,(ER) 23 therefore you will no longer see false visions(ES) or practice divination.(ET) I will save(EU) my people from your hands. And then you will know that I am the Lord.(EV)’”

Notas al pie

  1. Ezekiel 10:5 Hebrew El-Shaddai
  2. Ezekiel 10:11 Or aside
  3. Ezekiel 11:24 Or Chaldea
  4. Ezekiel 13:3 Or wicked
  5. Ezekiel 13:14 Or the city
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Hebrews 13
New English Translation

Final Exhortations

13 Brotherly love must continue. 2 Do not neglect hospitality, because through it some have entertained angels without knowing it.[a] 3 Remember those in prison as though you were in prison with them,[b] and those ill-treated as though you too felt their torment.[c] 4 Marriage must be honored among all and the marriage bed kept undefiled, for God will judge sexually immoral people and adulterers. 5 Your conduct must be free from the love of money and you must be content with what you have, for he has said, “I will never leave you and I will never abandon you.”[d] 6 So we can say with confidence, “The Lord is my helper, and[e] I will not be afraid. What can people do to me?”[f] 7 Remember your leaders, who spoke God’s message to you; reflect on the outcome of their lives and imitate their faith. 8 Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever! 9 Do not be carried away by all sorts of strange teachings.[g] For it is good for the heart to be strengthened by grace, not ritual meals,[h] which have never benefited those who participated in them. 10 We have an altar that those who serve in the tabernacle have no right to eat from. 11 For the bodies of those animals whose blood the high priest brings[i] into the sanctuary as an offering for sin are burned outside the camp. 12 Therefore, to sanctify the people by his own blood, Jesus also suffered outside the camp. 13 We must go out to him, then, outside the camp, bearing the abuse he experienced.[j] 14 For here we have no lasting city, but we seek the city that is to come. 15 Through him then let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of our lips, acknowledging his name. 16 And do not neglect to do good and to share what you have,[k] for God is pleased with such sacrifices.

17 Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they keep watch over your souls and will give an account for their work.[l] Let them do this[m] with joy and not with complaints, for this would be no advantage for you. 18 Pray for us, for we are sure that we have a clear conscience and desire to conduct ourselves rightly in every respect. 19 I especially ask you to pray[n] that I may be restored to you very soon.

Benediction and Conclusion

20 Now may the God of peace who by the blood of the eternal covenant brought back from the dead the great shepherd of the sheep, our Lord Jesus, 21 equip you with every good thing to do his will, working in us[o] what is pleasing before him through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever.[p] Amen.

22 Now I urge you, brothers and sisters,[q] bear with my message of exhortation, for in fact I have written to you briefly. 23 You should know that[r] our brother Timothy has been released. If he comes soon, he will be with me when I see you.[s] 24 Greetings to all your leaders and all the saints. Those from Italy send you greetings. 25 Grace be with you all.[t]

Notas al pie

  1. Hebrews 13:2 sn This is a vague allusion to people described in scripture and extra-biblical literature and may include Abraham and Sarah (Gen 18:2-15), Lot (Gen 19:1-14), Gideon (Judg 6:11-18), Manoah (Judg 13:3-22), and possibly Tobit (Tob 12:1-20).
  2. Hebrews 13:3 tn Grk “as being imprisoned together.”
  3. Hebrews 13:3 tn Or “since you too are vulnerable”; Grk “you also being in the body.”
  4. Hebrews 13:5 sn A quotation from Deut 31:6, 8.
  5. Hebrews 13:6 tc Some significant mss (א* C* P 0285vid 33 1175 1739 lat) lack καί (kai), but because the omission conforms to the wording of Ps 118:6 (117:6 LXX), it is suspect.
  6. Hebrews 13:6 sn A quotation from Ps 118:6.
  7. Hebrews 13:9 tn Grk “by diverse and strange teachings.”
  8. Hebrews 13:9 tn Grk “foods,” referring to the meals associated with the OT sacrifices (see the contrast with the next verse; also 9:9-10; 10:1, 4, 11).
  9. Hebrews 13:11 tn Grk “whose blood is brought by the high priest.”
  10. Hebrews 13:13 tn Grk “his abuse.”
  11. Hebrews 13:16 tn Grk “neglect doing good and fellowship.”
  12. Hebrews 13:17 tn Or “as ones who will give an account”; Grk “as giving an account.”
  13. Hebrews 13:17 tn Grk “that they may do this.”
  14. Hebrews 13:19 tn Grk “I urge you to do this all the more.”
  15. Hebrews 13:21 tc Some mss (C P Ψ 6 629* 630 1505 pm latt syh) read ὑμῖν (humin, “in you”) here, but ἡμῖν (hēmin) has stronger external support (P46 א A Dvid K 0243 0285 33 81 104 326 365 629c 1175 1739 1881 pm syp co). It is also more likely that ἡμῖν would have been changed to ὑμῖν in light of the “you” which occurs at the beginning of the verse than vice versa.
  16. Hebrews 13:21 tc ‡ Most mss (א A [C*] 0243 0285 33 1739 1881 M latt) include the words “and ever” here, but the shorter reading (supported by P46 C3 D Ψ 6 104 365 1505 al) is preferred on internal grounds. It seemed more likely that scribes would assimilate the wording to the common NT doxological expression “for ever and ever,” found especially in the Apocalypse (cf., e.g., 1 Tim 1:17; 2 Tim 4:18; Rev 4:9; 22:5) than to the “forever” of Heb 13:8. Nevertheless, a decision is difficult here. NA28 places the phrase in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.
  17. Hebrews 13:22 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.
  18. Hebrews 13:23 tn Grk “Know that” (an imperative).
  19. Hebrews 13:23 tn Grk “has been released, with whom, if he comes soon, I will see you.”
  20. Hebrews 13:25 tc Most witnesses, including several significant ones (א2 A C D H Ψ 0243 1739 1881 M lat sy bo), conclude the letter with ἀμήν (amēn, “amen”). Such a conclusion is routinely added by scribes to NT books because a few of these books originally had such an ending (cf. Rom 16:27; Gal 6:18; Jude 25). A majority of Greek witnesses have the concluding ἀμήν in every NT book except Acts, James, and 3 John (and even in these books, ἀμήν is found in some witnesses). It is thus a predictable variant. Further, there is sufficient testimony (P46 א* Ivid 6 33 sa) for the lack of the particle, rendering its omission the preferred reading.
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Hebrews 13
New International Version

Concluding Exhortations

13 Keep on loving one another as brothers and sisters.(A) 2 Do not forget to show hospitality to strangers,(B) for by so doing some people have shown hospitality to angels without knowing it.(C) 3 Continue to remember those in prison(D) as if you were together with them in prison, and those who are mistreated as if you yourselves were suffering.

4 Marriage should be honored by all,(E) and the marriage bed kept pure, for God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral.(F) 5 Keep your lives free from the love of money(G) and be content with what you have,(H) because God has said,

“Never will I leave you;
    never will I forsake you.”[a](I)

6 So we say with confidence,

“The Lord is my helper; I will not be afraid.
    What can mere mortals do to me?”[b](J)

7 Remember your leaders,(K) who spoke the word of God(L) to you. Consider the outcome of their way of life and imitate(M) their faith. 8 Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.(N)

9 Do not be carried away by all kinds of strange teachings.(O) It is good for our hearts to be strengthened(P) by grace, not by eating ceremonial foods,(Q) which is of no benefit to those who do so.(R) 10 We have an altar from which those who minister at the tabernacle(S) have no right to eat.(T)

11 The high priest carries the blood of animals into the Most Holy Place as a sin offering,(U) but the bodies are burned outside the camp.(V) 12 And so Jesus also suffered outside the city gate(W) to make the people holy(X) through his own blood.(Y) 13 Let us, then, go to him(Z) outside the camp, bearing the disgrace he bore.(AA) 14 For here we do not have an enduring city,(AB) but we are looking for the city that is to come.(AC)

15 Through Jesus, therefore, let us continually offer to God a sacrifice(AD) of praise—the fruit of lips(AE) that openly profess his name. 16 And do not forget to do good and to share with others,(AF) for with such sacrifices(AG) God is pleased.

17 Have confidence in your leaders(AH) and submit to their authority, because they keep watch over you(AI) as those who must give an account. Do this so that their work will be a joy, not a burden, for that would be of no benefit to you.

18 Pray for us.(AJ) We are sure that we have a clear conscience(AK) and desire to live honorably in every way. 19 I particularly urge you to pray so that I may be restored to you soon.(AL)

Benediction and Final Greetings

20 Now may the God of peace,(AM) who through the blood of the eternal covenant(AN) brought back from the dead(AO) our Lord Jesus, that great Shepherd of the sheep,(AP) 21 equip you with everything good for doing his will,(AQ) and may he work in us(AR) what is pleasing to him,(AS) through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.(AT)

22 Brothers and sisters, I urge you to bear with my word of exhortation, for in fact I have written to you quite briefly.(AU)

23 I want you to know that our brother Timothy(AV) has been released. If he arrives soon, I will come with him to see you.

24 Greet all your leaders(AW) and all the Lord’s people. Those from Italy(AX) send you their greetings.

25 Grace be with you all.(AY)

Notas al pie

  1. Hebrews 13:5 Deut. 31:6
  2. Hebrews 13:6 Psalm 118:6,7
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