²⁹ that the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “^(A)I am the Lord; ^(B)say to Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I say to you.” ³⁰ But Moses said before the Lord, “Behold, I am ^[a](C)unskilled in speech; how then will Pharaoh listen to me?”

I Will Extend My Hand

7 Then the Lord said to Moses, “^(D)See, I have made you as God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron shall be your prophet. ² As for you, you shall speak all that I command you, and your brother ^(E)Aaron shall speak to Pharaoh that he let the sons of Israel go out of his land. ³ But ^(F)I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, so that I may ^(G)multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt. ⁴ When ^(H)Pharaoh does not listen to you, I will lay My hand on Egypt and ^(I)bring out My armies, My people the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt by ^(J)great judgments. ⁵ Then ^(K)the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I ^(L)extend My hand over Egypt and bring out the sons of Israel from their midst.” ⁶ So Moses and Aaron did this; ^(M)as the Lord commanded them, so they did.

Water Turned into Blood

¹⁴ Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is ^[a]stubborn; he refuses to let the people go. ¹⁵ Go to Pharaoh in the morning ^[b]just as ^(A)he is going out to the water, and position yourself to meet him on the bank of the Nile; and you shall take in your hand ^(B)the staff that was turned into a serpent. ¹⁶ And ^(C)you shall say to him, ‘The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, sent me to you, saying, “^(D)Let My people go, so that they may serve Me in the wilderness. But behold, you have not listened up to now.” ¹⁷ This is what the Lord says: “^(E)By this you shall know that I am the Lord: behold, I am going to strike ^[c]the water that is in the Nile with the staff that is in my hand, and ^(F)it will be turned into blood. ¹⁸ Then ^(G)the fish that are in the Nile will die, the Nile will stink, and the Egyptians will ^[d](H)no longer be able to drink water from the Nile.”’” ¹⁹ Then the Lord said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and ^(I)extend your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their ^[e]streams, over their pools, and over all their reservoirs of water, so that they may become blood; and there will be blood through all the land of Egypt, both in containers of wood and in containers of stone.’”

²⁰ So Moses and Aaron did just as the Lord had commanded. And he lifted up ^[f](J)the staff and struck the water that was in the Nile in the sight of Pharaoh and in the sight of his servants; and ^(K)all the water that was in the Nile was turned into blood. ²¹ Then the fish that were in the Nile died, and the Nile stank, so that the Egyptians could not drink water from the Nile. And the blood was through all the land of Egypt. ^22 (L)But the soothsayer priests of Egypt did the same with their secret arts; and Pharaoh’s heart was ^[g]hardened, and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had said. ²³ Then Pharaoh turned and went into his house ^[h]with no concern even for this. ²⁴ So all the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink, because they could not drink from the water of the Nile. ²⁵ Seven days ^[i]passed after the Lord had struck the Nile.

Frogs over the Land

8 ^[j]Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says: “^(M)Let My people go, so that they may serve Me. ² But if you refuse to let them go, behold, I am going to strike your entire territory with frogs. ³ The Nile will ^(N)swarm with frogs, which will come up and go into your house, and into your bedroom and on your bed, and into the houses of your servants, and on your people, and into your ovens and kneading bowls. ⁴ So the frogs will come up on you, your people, and on all your servants.”’” ^5 [k]Then the Lord said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘^(O)Extend your hand with your staff over the rivers, over the ^[l]streams, and over the pools, and make frogs come up on the land of Egypt.’” ⁶ So Aaron extended his hand over the waters of Egypt, and the ^[m](P)frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt. ⁷ However, ^(Q)the soothsayer priests did the same with their secret arts, ^[n]making frogs come up on the land of Egypt.

⁸ Then Pharaoh ^(R)called for Moses and Aaron and said, “^(S)Plead with the Lord ^[o]to remove the frogs from me and from my people; and ^(T)I will let the people go, so that they may sacrifice to the Lord.” ⁹ And Moses said to Pharaoh, “^[p]The honor is yours to tell me: when shall I plead for you and your servants and your people, ^[q]that the frogs be destroyed from you and your houses, that they be left only in the Nile?”

¹⁰ Then he said, “Tomorrow.” So he said, “May it be according to your word, so that you may know that there is ^(U)no one like the Lord our God. ¹¹ The ^(V)frogs will depart from you and your houses, and from your servants and your people; they will be left only in the Nile.” ¹² Then Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh, and ^(W)Moses cried out to the Lord concerning the frogs which He had ^[r]inflicted upon Pharaoh. ¹³ The Lord did according to the word of Moses, and the frogs died out of the houses, the courtyards, and the fields. ¹⁴ So they piled them in heaps, and the land stank. ¹⁵ But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he ^[s]hardened his heart and ^(X)did not listen to them, just as the Lord had said.

The Last Plague

11 Now the Lord said to Moses, “One more plague I will bring on Pharaoh and on Egypt; ^(A)after that he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will assuredly drive you out from here completely.

The Passover Lamb

12 Now the Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of ^[a]Egypt, ² “^(A)This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year for you. ³ Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month they are, each one, to take a ^[b]lamb for themselves, according to the fathers’ households, a ^[c]lamb for ^[d]each household. ⁴ Now if the household is too small for a ^[e]lamb, then he and his neighbor nearest to his house are to take one according to the ^[f]number of persons in them; in proportion to ^[g]what each one should eat, you are to ^[h]divide the lamb. ⁵ Your ^[i]lamb shall be ^(B)an unblemished male a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats. ^6 [j]You shall keep it until the ^(C)fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to slaughter it ^[k](D)at twilight. ^7 (E)Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel ^[l]of the houses in which they eat it. ⁸ They shall eat the flesh ^(F)that same night, ^(G)roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with ^(H)unleavened bread ^[m](I)and bitter herbs. ⁹ Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather ^(J)roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with ^(K)its entrails. ^10 (L)And you shall not leave any of it over until morning, but whatever is left of it until morning, you shall completely burn with fire. ¹¹ Now you shall eat it in this way: with your garment ^[n]belted around your waist, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in a hurry—it is ^(M)the Lord’s Passover. ¹² For ^(N)I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and fatally strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the human firstborn to animals; and ^(O)against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—^(P)I am the Lord. ^13 (Q)The blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you ^[o]live; and when I see the blood I will pass over you, and no plague will come upon you ^[p]to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.

²⁸ Then the sons of Israel went and did so; just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

²⁹ Now it came about at ^(A)midnight that ^(B)the Lord struck all ^(C)the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of ^(D)cattle. ³⁰ And Pharaoh got up in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians, and there was ^(E)a great cry in Egypt, for there was no home where there was not someone dead. ³¹ Then ^(F)he called for Moses and Aaron at night and said, “Rise up, ^(G)get out from among my people, both you and the sons of Israel; and go, ^[a]worship the Lord, as you have said. ³² Take ^(H)both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and go, and bless me also.”