Exodus 35
New English Translation
Sabbath Regulations
35 Moses assembled the whole community of the Israelites and said to them, “These are the things that the Lord has commanded you to do.[a] 2 In six days[b] work may be done, but on the seventh day there must be a holy day[c] for you, a Sabbath of complete rest to the Lord.[d] Anyone who does work on it will be put to death. 3 You must not kindle a fire[e] in any of your homes[f] on the Sabbath day.”[g]
Willing Workers
4 [h] Moses spoke to the whole community of the Israelites, “This is the word that the Lord has commanded: 5 ‘Take[i] an offering for the Lord. Let everyone who has a willing heart[j] bring[k] an offering to the Lord:[l] gold, silver, bronze; 6 blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen; goats’ hair; 7 ram skins dyed red; fine leather;[m] acacia wood; 8 olive oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense; 9 onyx stones, and other gems[n] for mounting[o] on the ephod and the breastpiece. 10 Every skilled person[p] among you is to come and make all that the Lord has commanded: 11 the tabernacle with[q] its tent, its covering, its clasps, its frames, its crossbars, its posts, and its bases; 12 the ark, with its poles, the atonement lid, and the special curtain that conceals it; 13 the table with its poles and all its vessels, and the Bread of the Presence; 14 the lampstand for[r] the light and its accessories, its lamps, and oil for the light; 15 and the altar of incense with its poles, the anointing oil, and the fragrant incense; the hanging for the door at the entrance of the tabernacle; 16 the altar for the burnt offering with its bronze grating that is on it, its poles, and all its utensils; the large basin and its pedestal; 17 the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and its bases, and the curtain for the gateway to the courtyard; 18 tent pegs for the tabernacle and tent pegs for the courtyard and their ropes; 19 the woven garments for serving in the Holy Place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments for his sons to minister as priests.’”
20 So the whole community of the Israelites went out from the presence of Moses. 21 Everyone[s] whose heart stirred him to action[t] and everyone whose spirit was willing[u] came and brought the offering for the Lord for the work of the tent of meeting, for all its service, and for the holy garments.[v] 22 They came, men and women alike,[w] all who had willing hearts. They brought brooches, earrings, rings and ornaments, all kinds of gold jewelry,[x] and everyone came who waved[y] a wave offering of gold to the Lord.
23 Everyone who had[z] blue, purple, or[aa] scarlet yarn, fine linen, goats’ hair, ram skins dyed red, or fine leather[ab] brought them.[ac] 24 Everyone making an offering of silver or bronze brought it as[ad] an offering to the Lord, and everyone who had acacia wood[ae] for any work of the service brought it.[af] 25 Every woman who was skilled[ag] spun with her hands and brought what she had spun, blue, purple, or scarlet yarn, or fine linen, 26 and all the women whose heart stirred them to action and who were skilled[ah] spun goats’ hair.
27 The leaders brought onyx stones and other gems to be mounted[ai] for the ephod and the breastpiece, 28 and spices and olive oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
29 The Israelites brought a freewill offering to the Lord, every man and woman whose heart was willing to bring materials for all the work that the Lord through[aj] Moses had commanded them[ak] to do.
30 Moses said to the Israelites, “See, the Lord has chosen[al] Bezalel son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah. 31 He has filled him with the Spirit of God—with skill, with understanding, with knowledge, and in all kinds of work— 32 to design artistic designs, to work in gold, in silver, and in bronze, 33 and in cutting stones for their setting,[am] and in cutting wood, to do work in every artistic craft.[an] 34 And he has put it in his heart[ao] to teach, he and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan. 35 He has filled them with skill[ap] to do all kinds of work[aq] as craftsmen, as designers, as embroiderers in blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and in fine linen, and as weavers. They are[ar] craftsmen in all the work[as] and artistic designers.[at]
Footnotes
- Exodus 35:1 tn Heb “to do them”; this is somewhat redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.
- Exodus 35:2 tn This is an adverbial accusative of time.
- Exodus 35:2 tn The word is קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh, “holiness”). S. R. Driver suggests that the word was transposed, and the line should read: “a sabbath of entire rest, holy to Jehovah” (Exodus, 379). But the word may simply be taken as a substitution for “holy day.”
- Exodus 35:2 sn See on this H. Routtenberg, “The Laws of the Sabbath: Biblical Sources,” Dor le Dor 6 (1977): 41-43, 99-101, 153-55, 204-6; G. Robinson, “The Idea of Rest in the Old Testament and the Search for the Basic Character of Sabbath,” ZAW 92 (1980): 32-43.
- Exodus 35:3 sn Kindling a fire receives special attention here because the people thought that kindling a fire was not work, but only a preparation for some kind of work. The Law makes sure that this too was not done. But see also G. Robinson, “The Prohibition of Strange Fire in Ancient Israel: A Look at the Case of Gathering Wood and Kindling Fire on the Sabbath,” VT 28 (1978): 301-17.
- Exodus 35:3 tn Heb “dwelling places”; KJV, ASV “habitations.”
- Exodus 35:3 sn The presence of these three verses in this place has raised all kinds of questions. It may be that after the renewal of the covenant the people needed a reminder to obey God, and obeying the sign of the covenant was the starting point. But there is more to it than this; it is part of the narrative design of the book. It is the artistic design that puts the filling of the Spirit section (31:1-11) prior to the Sabbath laws (31:12-18) before the idolatry section, and then after the renewal there is the Sabbath reminder (35:1-3) before the filling of the Spirit material (35:4-36:7).
- Exodus 35:4 sn The book now turns to record how all the work of the sanctuary was done. This next unit picks up on the ideas in Exod 31:1-11. But it adds several features. The first part is the instruction of God for all people to give willingly (35:4-19); the next section tells how the faithful brought an offering for the service of the tabernacle (35:20-29); the next section tells how God set some apart with special gifts (35:30-35), and finally, the narrative reports how the faithful people of God enthusiastically began the work (36:1-7).
- Exodus 35:5 tn Heb “from with you.”
- Exodus 35:5 tn “Heart” is a genitive of specification, clarifying in what way they might be “willing.” The heart refers to their will, their choices.
- Exodus 35:5 tn The verb has a suffix that is the direct object, but the suffixed object is qualified by the second accusative: “let him bring it, an offering.”
- Exodus 35:5 tn The phrase is literally “the offering of Yahweh”; it could be a simple possessive, “Yahweh’s offering,” but a genitive that indicates the indirect object is more appropriate.
- Exodus 35:7 tn See the note on this phrase in Exod 25:5.
- Exodus 35:9 tn Heb “and stones.”
- Exodus 35:9 tn Heb “filling.”
- Exodus 35:10 tn Heb “wise of heart”; here also “heart” would be a genitive of specification, showing that there were those who could make skillful decisions.
- Exodus 35:11 tn In Hebrew style all these items are typically connected with a vav (ו) conjunction, but English typically uses commas except between the last two items in a series or between items in a series that are somehow related to one another. The present translation follows contemporary English style in lists such as this.
- Exodus 35:14 tn “for” has been supplied.
- Exodus 35:21 tn Heb “man.”
- Exodus 35:21 tn The verb means “lift up, bear, carry.” Here the subject is “heart” or will, and so the expression describes one moved within to act.
- Exodus 35:21 tn Heb “his spirit made him willing.” The verb is used in Scripture for the freewill offering that people brought (Lev 7).
- Exodus 35:21 tn Literally “the garments of holiness,” the genitive is the attributive genitive, marking out what type of garments these were.
- Exodus 35:22 tn The expression in Hebrew is “men on/after the women,” meaning men with women, to ensure that it was clear that the preceding verse did not mean only men. B. Jacob takes it further, saying that the men came after the women because the latter had taken the initiative (Exodus, 1017).
- Exodus 35:22 tn Heb “all gold utensils.”
- Exodus 35:22 tn The verb could be translated “offered,” but it is cognate with the following noun that is the wave offering. This sentence underscores the freewill nature of the offerings people made. The word “came” is supplied from v. 21 and v. 22.
- Exodus 35:23 tn The text uses a relative clause with a resumptive pronoun for this: “who was found with him,” meaning “with whom was found.”
- Exodus 35:23 tn The conjunction in this verse is translated “or” because the sentence does not intend to say that each person had all these things. They brought what they had.
- Exodus 35:23 tn See the note on this phrase in Exod 25:5.
- Exodus 35:23 tn Here “them” has been supplied.
- Exodus 35:24 tn This translation takes “offering” as an adverbial accusative explaining the form or purpose of their bringing things. It could also be treated as the direct object, but that would seem unnecessarily repetitive.
- Exodus 35:24 sn U. Cassuto notes that the expression “with whom was found” does not rule out the idea that these folks went out and cut down acacia trees (Exodus, 458). It is unlikely that they had much wood in their tents.
- Exodus 35:24 tn Here “it” has been supplied.
- Exodus 35:25 tn Heb “wisdom of heart,” which means that they were skilled and could make all the right choices about the work.
- Exodus 35:26 tn The text simply uses a prepositional phrase, “with/in wisdom.” It seems to be qualifying “the women” as the relative clause is.
- Exodus 35:27 tn Heb “and stones of the filling.”
- Exodus 35:29 tn Heb “by the hand of.”
- Exodus 35:29 tn Here “them” has been supplied.
- Exodus 35:30 tn Heb “called by name” (so KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV). This expression means that the person was specifically chosen for some important task (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 342). See the expression with Cyrus in Isa 45:3-4.
- Exodus 35:33 tn Heb “to set.”
- Exodus 35:33 tn Heb “in every work of thought,” meaning, every work that required the implementation of design or plan.
- Exodus 35:34 sn The expression means that God has given them the ability and the desire to teach others how to do the work. The infinitive construct “to teach” is related to the word Torah, “instruction, guide, law.” They will be able to direct others in the work.
- Exodus 35:35 tn The expression “wisdom of heart,” or “wisdom in heart,” means artistic skill. The decisions and plans they make are skilled. The expression forms a second accusative after the verb of filling.
- Exodus 35:35 tn The expression “all the work” means “all kinds of work.”
- Exodus 35:35 tn Here “They are” has been supplied.
- Exodus 35:35 tn Heb “doers of all work.”
- Exodus 35:35 tn Heb “designers of designs.”
Exodus 35
BasisBijbel
De heilige rustdag
35 Mozes liet het hele volk bij zich komen en zei tegen hen: "Dit zijn de bevelen die de Heer heeft gegeven over wat er moet worden gemaakt. 2 Jullie mogen er steeds zes dagen aan werken. Maar elke zevende dag moet voor jullie een heilige dag zijn, een dag van volkomen rust voor de Heer. Iedereen die op die dag werkt, zal worden gedood. 3 Jullie mogen op de heilige rustdag in het hele land geen vuur maken."
De geschenken voor de bouw van de tent en voor de heilige kleren
4 Verder zei Mozes: "Dit heeft de Heer bevolen: 5 Laat iedereen van harte iets aan de Heer geven. Dit is wat er nodig is: goud, zilver en koper. 6 Blauwe, paarse en rode stof, fijn linnen en geitenhaar. 7 Rood geverfde schapenvachten, dun leer en acaciahout. 8 Olijf-olie voor de lampen en specerijen voor de zalf-olie en voor het wierook-offer. 9 Edelstenen voor het priesterschort en voor de borsttas. 10 Laat alle vakmannen komen maken wat de Heer bevolen heeft: 11 het houten deel van de tent, de tentkleden, de haakjes en de planken, de dwarsbalken, de palen en de voetstukken, 12 de kist met de draagstokken, het vergevings-deksel, het gordijn dat daarvóór komt, 13 de tafel met de draagstokken en alle dingen die erbij horen, de heilige broden, 14 de kandelaar met alle dingen die erbij horen, de olielampen en de olie, 15 het altaar voor het wierook-offer met de draagstokken, de zalf-olie en het mengsel voor het wierook-offer, het gordijn voor de ingang van de tent, 16 het altaar voor de brand-offers met het rooster van koper dat erbij hoort, de draagstokken en alle dingen die erbij horen, de waskom met het voetstuk, 17 de doeken van de omheining, de palen van de omheining en de voetstukken daarvan, het gordijn voor de ingang van de omheining, 18 de pinnen van de tent en van de omheining, de touwen, 19 de kleren voor de mensen die dienst doen in het heiligdom en de heilige kleren die Aäron en zijn zonen als priesters nodig hebben."
20 Toen ging het hele volk naar huis. 21 Daarna kwam iedereen die dat graag wilde aan de Heer een geschenk brengen voor de tent van ontmoeting, voor de dienst aan God en voor de heilige kleren. 22 Mannen en vrouwen brachten van harte neusringen, oorringen, zegelringen en halskettingen. Allerlei gouden sieraden brachten ze. 23 Veel mannen kwamen een beweeg-offer[a] van goud voor de Heer brengen. Ook brachten ze blauwe, paarse en rode stof, fijn linnen, geitenhaar, roodgeverfde schapenvachten en dun leer. 24 Anderen brachten zilver of koper en gaven het als beweeg-offer aan de Heer. En iedereen die acaciahout had, bracht hout voor alles wat er gemaakt moest worden. 25 Alle vrouwen die konden spinnen, sponnen blauw, paars en rood draad en fijn linnen. Wat ze af hadden, kwamen ze brengen. 26 Alle vrouwen die daar goed in waren en die dat graag wilden, sponnen geitenhaar. 27 De rijke mannen brachten edelstenen voor het priesterschort en de borsttas, 28 specerijen en olijf-olie voor het licht, voor de zalf-olie en voor het wierook-offer. 29 Iedereen die dat graag wilde, kwam iets brengen voor wat er allemaal gemaakt moest worden. Hij gaf het als een vrijwillig geschenk aan de Heer.
30 Mozes zei tegen de Israëlieten: "De Heer heeft iemand uitgekozen om alles te maken: Bezaleël, de zoon van Uri, die een zoon is van Hur uit de stam van Juda. 31 De Heer heeft hem gevuld met zijn Geest. Zijn Geest geeft hem alle wijsheid, verstand en kennis die hij voor dit werk nodig heeft. 32 Bezaleël zal alles ontwerpen en maken van goud, zilver en koper. 33 Ook zal hij de edelstenen bewerken en inzetten, houtsnijwerk maken en alle andere dingen maken. 34 Ook heeft Hij aan hem én aan Aholiab, de zoon van Ahisamach uit de stam van Dan, het talent gegeven om ook andere mensen te leren hoe ze alles moeten maken. 35 De Heer heeft hen met zijn Geest gevuld zodat ze goed zullen zijn in smeden, weven, borduren en dergelijke. Ze zullen alles kunnen maken wat ze ontworpen hebben."
Footnotes
- Exodus 35:23 Bij een beweeg-offer werd de gift naar de Heer omhoog gehouden en heen en weer bewogen, maar niet verbrand.
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